scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Biocompatible Alloy, Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta-Sn

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10611
Author(s):  
Yuliya Y. Khrunyk ◽  
Sabrina Ehnert ◽  
Stella V. Grib ◽  
Anatoly G. Illarionov ◽  
Stepan I. Stepanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Low Elastic Modulus ◽  
O2 Plasma Treatment ◽  
Primary Human Osteoblasts

Many current-generation biomedical implants are fabricated from the Ti-6Al-4V alloy because it has many attractive properties, such as low density and biocompatibility. However, the elastic modulus of this alloy is much larger than that of the surrounding bone, leading to bone resorption and, eventually, implant failure. In the present study, we synthesized and performed a detailed analysis of a novel low elastic modulus Ti-based alloy (Ti-28Nb-5Zr-2Ta-2Sn (TNZTS alloy)) using a variety of methods, including scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and tensile test. Additionally, the in vitro biocompatibility of the TNZTS alloy was evaluated using SCP-1, SaOs-2, and THP-1 cell lines and primary human osteoblasts. Compared to Ti-6Al-4V, the elastic modulus of TNZTS alloy was significantly lower, while measures of its in vitro biocompatibility are comparable. O2 plasma treatment of the surface of the alloy significantly increased its hydrophilicity and, hence, its in vitro biocompatibility. TNZTS alloy specimens did not induce the release of cytokines by macrophages, indicating that such scaffolds would not trigger inflammatory responses. The present results suggest that the TNZTS alloy may have potential as an alternative to Ti-6Al-4V.

scholarly journals Preparation and Biocompatibility of Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA)-Mesoporous Bioactive Glass (MBG) Composite Scaffolds

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Irina Atkinson ◽  
Ana Maria Seciu-Grama ◽  
Oana Catalina Mocioiu ◽  
Ana Maria Mocioiu ◽  
Luminita Predoana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Mesoporous Bioactive Glass ◽  
Scanning Electron

In recent years, the rising number of bone diseases which affect millions of people worldwide has led to an increased demand for materials with restoring and augmentation properties that can be used in therapies for bone pathologies. In this work, PMMA- MBG composite scaffolds containing ceria (0, 1, 3 mol%) were obtained by the phase separation method. The obtained composite scaffolds were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. UV–Vis measurement and EDX analysis confirmed the presence of cerium ions in the composite scaffolds. Evaluation of the in-vitro biocompatibility using MTT assay showed that composite scaffold containing 1 mol% of ceria presented higher viability than control cells (100%) for concentrations ranging between 5 and 50% after 96 h of incubation.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Carrageenan Oligosaccharide and Their In Vitro Antitumor Activity

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyan Chen ◽  
Xia Zhao ◽  
Yanyun Gao ◽  
Jiaqi Yin ◽  
Mingyue Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Means Of Transmission

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely used in catalysis, photothermal therapy, and targeted drug delivery. Carrageenan oligosaccharide (CAO) derived from marine red algae was used as a reducing and capping agent to obtain AuNPs by an eco-friendly, efficient, and simple synthetic route for the first time. The synthetic conditions of AuNPs were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM), and the CAO-AuNPs obtained were demonstrated to be ellipsoidal, stable and crystalline by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The CAO-AuNPs showed localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) oscillation at about 530 nm with a mean diameter of 35 ± 8 nm. The zeta potential of CAO-AuNPs was around −20 mV, which was related to the negatively charged CAO around AuNPs. The CAO-AuNPs exhibited significant cytotoxic activities to HCT-116 and MDA-MB-231 cells, which could be a promising nanomaterial for drug delivery.

scholarly journals Fabrication of a Promising Hierarchical Porous Surface on Titanium for Promoting Biocompatibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Chien Lan ◽  
Chia-Hsien Wang ◽  
Bai-Hung Huang ◽  
Yen-Chun Cho ◽  
Takashi Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Porous Surface ◽  
Potential Approach ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Adhesion Ability ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hierarchical Porous

The effects of the nano-titanium hydrides (nano-γ-TiH) phase on the formation of nanoporous Ti oxide layer by the potential approach (hydrogen fluoride (HF) pretreatment and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) anodization) were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and transmission electron microscopy. The nano-γ-TiH phase was formed by the HF pretreatment with various current densities. After the NaOH anodization, the nano-γ-TiH phase was dissolved and transformed into nanoporous rutile-Ti dioxide (R-TiO2). As the Ti underwent HF pretreatment and NaOH anodization, the microstructure on the surface layer was transformed from α-Ti → (α-Ti + nano-γ-TiH) → (α-Ti + R-TiO2). In-vitro biocompatibility also indicated that the Ti with a hierarchical porous (micro and nanoporous) TiO2 surface possessed great potential to enhance cell adhesion ability. Thus, the potential approach can be utilized to fabricate a promising hierarchical porous surface on the Ti implant for promoting biocompatibility.

Mechanical, microstructural properties and cell adhesion of Sr/Se-hydroxyapatite/graphene/polycaprolactone nanofibers

2020 ◽  
pp. 089270572091278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem Al-Wafi ◽  
SF Mansour ◽  
MK Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Microstructural Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Fesem Micrographs

Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds containing co-dopant of Sr/Se into carbonated hydroxyapatite has been synthesized in situ with graphene (G) nanosheets and carried on polycaprolactone at different contributions of G. The powder and the nanofibrous samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The FESEM micrographs show that the highest content of G (0.2 G) was formed in non-oriented/rough/cracked fibers with diameters around 0.3–0.4 µm at the maximum. The tensile strength of nanofibrous scaffolds was improved with the addition of G nanosheets and the maximum tensile strength of 0.2 G was around 6.39 ± 0.24 MPa, while the minimum cell viability ratio was about 94.4 ± 3.2% for the free G nanofibers. The in vitro attachment of HFB4 cell lines was investigated and it showed that nanofibrous scaffolds have induced cells to be proliferated and spread on the nanofibrous scaffolds’ surface. This behavior of cells growth encourages more investigations for these nanofibrous scaffolds to be promoted for clinical applications.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of spinel nickel ferrite nanowhiskers and their biomedical applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajar Q. Alijani ◽  
Siavash Iravani ◽  
Shahram Pourseyedi ◽  
Masoud Torkzadeh-Mahani ◽  
Mahmood Barani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nickel Ferrite ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Green Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Low Toxicity

AbstractGreener methods for the synthesis of various nanostructures with well-organized characteristics and biomedical applicability have demonstrated several advantages, including simplicity, low toxicity, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness. Spinel nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanowhiskers with rod-like structures were synthesized using a simple and green method; these nanostructures were evaluated by X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray energy diffraction spectroscopy. Additionally, the prepared nanowhiskers could significantly reduce the survival of Leishmania major promastigotes, at a concentration of 500 μg/mL; the survival of promastigotes was reduced to ≃ 26%. According to the results obtained from MTT test (in vitro), it can be proposed that further studies should be conducted to evaluate anti-leishmaniasis activity of these types of nanowhiskers in animal models.

Chitosan Induced Synthesis of EuPO4 Nanoparticles on Fiber Templates for Live Imaging

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xue ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Yun Fen Shi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Live Imaging ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Vitro Cell Culture ◽  
Transmission Electron

EuPO4 nanoparticle was synthesized using chitosan induced mechanism. The nanoparticles were formed after calcination inside a fiber template. The nanoparticles were characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fluorespectrometer. The synthesized EuPO4 nanoparticles with nano-pore structures presented the excitation peaks located at about 375nm and 500nm and the emission peaks located at 590-620nm and 750nm, respectively. Live imaging was performed in in-vitro cell culture. The nanoparticles were biocompatible and could be intake by cells. Cells with nanoparticles showed fluorescent signals for imaging, which indicate the potential application of these particles for live imaging.

scholarly journals Tribo-mechanical properties evaluation of HA/TiO2/CNT nanocomposite

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Zalnezhad ◽  
F. Musharavati ◽  
Tianyi Chen ◽  
Fadi Jaber ◽  
Kaan Uzun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hot Isostatic Pressing ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nanocomposite Powders

AbstractIn this study, a combination of reverse microemulsion and hydrothermal techniques were used to synthesize HA. A hydrothermal method was used to synthesize HA/TiO2/CNT nanocomposite powders. Cold and hot isostatic pressing techniques were used to fabricate tablet-shaped samples. To investigate the biocompatibility and tribo-mechanical properties of HA/TiO2 and HA/TiO2/CNTs, four samples were prepared with different percentages of CNTs, namely, HA/TiO2 (S0), HA/TiO2/CNT (S1.0), HA/TiO2/CNT (S2.0), and HA/TiO2/CNT (S3.0). The microstructure and morphology of the HA/TiO2/CNTs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Hardness test results show that S3.0 displayed the highest surface hardness (285 HV) compared to other samples. The wear rate of HA/TiO2/CNT with the highest CNT content showed a decrease compared with those of the other samples. The results from nanoindentation tests showed that Young’s modulus of the S3.0 sample was 58.1% greater than that of the S0 sample. Furthermore, the human MDA-MB-231 cell line demonstrated good binding to the surface of the samples in the in-vitro biocompatibility evaluation of the HA/TiO2/CNT composites.

scholarly journals Microstructure Investigation of WC-Based Coatings Prepared by HVOF onto AZ31 Substrate

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Ewa Jonda ◽  
Leszek Łatka ◽  
Anna Tomiczek ◽  
Marcin Godzierz ◽  
Wojciech Pakieła ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Magnesium Alloy Az31 ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Low Elastic Modulus

In this paper, three commercial cermet powders, WC-Co-Cr, WC-Co and WC-Cr3C2-Ni, were sprayed by the High Velocity Oxy Fuel (HVOF) method onto magnesium alloy AZ31 substrate. The coatings were investigated in terms of their microstructure, phase analysis and residual stress. The manufactured coatings were analyzed extensively using optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Based on microstructure studies, it was noted that the coatings show satisfactory homogeneity. XRD analysis shows that in WC-Co, WC-Co-Cr and WC-Cr3C2-Ni coatings, main peaks are related to WC. Weaker peaks such as W2C, Co0.9W0.1, Co and W for WC-Co and W2C, Cr3C2 and Cr7C3 for WC-Cr3C2-Ni also occur. In all cermet coatings, linear stress showed compressive nature. In WC-Co and WC-Cr3C2-Ni, residual stress had a similar value, while in WC-Co-Cr, linear stress was lower. It was also proved that spraying onto magnesium substrate causes shear stress in the WC phase, most likely due to the low elastic modulus of magnesium alloy substrate.

scholarly journals Bioactive Polysaccharides Based Graphene Oxide Nanoparticle as a Promising Carrier for Anticancer Drug Delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3429-3445
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hemolysis Assay ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis

Nowadays, the concept of drug transmission is a prominent issue in the world of drug delivery research. We investigated the development of a hybrid platform based on graphene oxide/chitosan and xyloglucan (GO-CH-Xn) for the loading and release of doxorubicin (DOX)., where chitosan (CS) natural polymer functionalizes graphene oxide and is then grafted by xyloglucan (Xn) natural hydrophilic polysaccharide to form a reliable nanocarrier system for the delivery of DOX. UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy analysis were used to confirm the fundamental physicochemical properties. The DOX loading capacity and efficiency were 81.8% and 73.5%. The graphene oxide-chitosan-xyloglucan- doxorubicin (GO-CS-Xn-DOX) drug delivery system showed a pH-regulated release as observed by UV analysis. Biocompatibility was evaluated via in vitro hemolysis assay, indicates negligible toxicity, and the anticancer activity of the developed nanocarrier system was studied by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-Y)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) against human (U 87) glioblastoma cancer cell lines. The in vitro studies demonstrate the major advantages of the developed approach by demonstrating its capability as a promising nanocarrier for biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Complex Morphostructural and in vitro Biological Investigation of Nanocomposite Hydrogels Tailored with Magnetic Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 4420-4425
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Biological Investigation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanocomposite Hydrogels ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron

The morphology and the microstructure of the nanocomposite hydrogels, prepared by free-radical polymerization of acrylamide monomer and double bond functionalized magnetite nanoparticles, were analysed by scanning electron microscopy. Nanostructural characteristic and crystalline structure were studied by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction. Elemental composition was analysed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. In vitro biocompatibility evaluation was performedon specific cell lines. Keywords: magnetic nanoparticles, polyacrylamide, SEM, TEM, biocompatibility

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