scholarly journals Flavonoids Seen through the Energy Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Zhengwen Li ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Guido R. M. M. Haenen ◽  
Lily Vervoort ◽  
Mohamed Moalin
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Major Group ◽  
Redox Modulation

In all life forms, opposing forces provide the energy that flows through networks in an organism, which fuels life. In this concept, health is the ability of an organism to maintain the balance between these opposing forces, which creates resilience, and a deranged flow of energy is the basis for diseases. Treatment should focus on adjusting the deranged flow of energy, e.g., by the redox modulating activity of antioxidants. A major group of antioxidants is formed by flavonoids, a group of polyphenolic compounds abundantly present in our diet. The objective here is to review how the redox modulation by flavonoids fits in the various concepts on the mode of action of bioactive compounds, so we can ‘see’ where there is overlap and where the missing links are. Based on this fundament, we should choose our research path aiming to ‘understand’ the redox modulating profile of specific flavonoids, so we can ultimately rationally apply the redox modulating power of flavonoids to improve our health.

Flavones and Their Analogues as Bioactive Compounds – An Overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.S. Jayashree ◽  
H. Venkatachalam ◽  
Sanchari Basu Mallik
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Poor Solubility

Flavonoids constitute a large group of polyphenolic compounds that are known to have antioxidant properties, through their free radical scavenging abilities. They possess a chromone (γ- benzopyrone) moiety, responsible for eliciting many pharmacological activities. Even though, natural flavonoids are highly potent, owing to their poor solubility, they are less used. Therefore, attempts have been made to improve their stability, solubility, efficacy and kinetics by introducing various substituents on the flavone ring. For nearly the last two decades, flavones were synthesized in our laboratory by simple, convenient and cost-effective methods, with the knowledge of both synthetic and semi-synthetic chemistry. In this direction, it was considered worthwhile to present an overview on the synthesized flavonoids. This review creates a platform for highlighting various modifications done on the flavone system along with their biological activity.

scholarly journals xCELLanalyzer: A Framework for the Analysis of Cellular Impedance Measurements for Mode of Action Discovery

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimo Franke ◽  
Bettina Hinkelmann ◽  
Verena Fetz ◽  
Theresia Stradal ◽  
Florenz Sasse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Analysis Pipeline ◽  
Bioactive Natural Products ◽  
Data Analysis Pipeline

Mode of action (MoA) identification of bioactive compounds is very often a challenging and time-consuming task. We used a label-free kinetic profiling method based on an impedance readout to monitor the time-dependent cellular response profiles for the interaction of bioactive natural products and other small molecules with mammalian cells. Such approaches have been rarely used so far due to the lack of data mining tools to properly capture the characteristics of the impedance curves. We developed a data analysis pipeline for the xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis detection platform to process the data, assess and score their reproducibility, and provide rank-based MoA predictions for a reference set of 60 bioactive compounds. The method can reveal additional, previously unknown targets, as exemplified by the identification of tubulin-destabilizing activities of the RNA synthesis inhibitor actinomycin D and the effects on DNA replication of vioprolide A. The data analysis pipeline is based on the statistical programming language R and is available to the scientific community through a GitHub repository.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Effects of Schisandra chinensis Fruits and Their Active Constituents

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 620
Author(s):  
Dalia M. Kopustinskiene ◽  
Jurga Bernatoniene
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Schisandra Chinensis ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Schisandra chinensis Turcz. (Baill.) fruits, their extracts, and bioactive compounds are used in alternative medicine as adaptogens and ergogens protecting against numerous neurological, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, liver, and skin disorders. S. chinensis fruit extracts and their active compounds are potent antioxidants and mitoprotectors exerting anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, and anti-aging effects. S. chinensis polyphenolic compounds—flavonoids, phenolic acids and the major constituents dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans are responsible for the S. chinensis antioxidant activities. This review will focus on the direct and indirect antioxidant effects of S. chinensis fruit extract and its bioactive compounds in the cells during normal and pathological conditions.

scholarly journals Cynara cardunculus Crude Extract as a Powerful Natural Herbicide and Insight into the Mode of Action of Its Bioactive Molecules

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofiene Ben Kaab ◽  
Laurence Lins ◽  
Marwa Hanafi ◽  
Iness Bettaieb Rebey ◽  
Magali Deleu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Cynara Cardunculus ◽  
Initial Interaction ◽  
Negative Impacts

The use of chemical herbicides could not only potentially induce negative impacts on the environment, animals, and human health, but also increase the weed resistance to herbicides. In this context, the use of plant extracts could be an interesting and natural alternative to chemical products. It is important to understand the mode of action of their bioactive compounds. This is why we have studied the herbicidal effect of Cynara cardunculus crude extract in terms of inhibition of weeds’ seedling growth and its impact on physiological parameters of treated plantlets, like conductivity, dry weight, and fluorescence, and biochemical parameters linked to oxidative stress. We have observed that C. cardunculus crude extract induces oxidative stress in the treated plants and consequently disturbs the physiological and biochemical functions of the plant cells. We have investigated the herbicidal activity of three bioactive compounds, naringenin, myricitrin, and quercetin, from the C. cardunculus crude extract. In both pre- and post-emergence trials, naringenin and myricitrin were significantly more phytotoxic than quercetin. We suggest that their differential initial interaction with the plant’s plasma membrane could be one of the main signals for electrolyte leakage and production of high levels of phenoxyl radicals.

scholarly journals Time-Dependent Degradation of Polyphenols from Thermally-Processed Berries and Their In Vitro Antiproliferative Effects against Melanoma

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorița Diaconeasa
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Antiproliferative Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Thermally Processed ◽  
Hydroxybenzoic Acids

Polyphenols are natural occurring micronutrients that can protect plants from natural weathering and are also helpful to humans. These compounds are abundantly found in fruits or berries. Because of berry seasonal availability and also due to their rapid degradation, people have found multiple ways to preserve them. The most common options are freezing or making jams. Polyphenol stability, during processing is a continuous challenge for the food industry. There are also multiple published data providing that they are sensitive to light, pH or high temperature, vectors which are all present during jam preparation. In this context the aim of this study was to assess phytochemical composition and bioactive compounds degradation after jam preparation. We also monitored their degradation during storage time and their in vitro antiproliferative potential when tested on melanoma cells. The obtained results revealed that when processed and stored in time, the bioactive compounds from berries jams are degrading, but they still exert antioxidant and antiproliferative potential. Prior to LC-MS analysis, polyphenolic compounds were identified as: flavonoids (anthocyanins (ANT), flavonols (FLA)) and non-flavonoid (hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA) and hydroxybenzoic acids (HBA)). The most significant decrease was observed for HCA compared to other classes of compounds. This variation is expected due to differences in constituents and phenolic types among different analyzed berries.

scholarly journals Profile of Bioactive Compounds in the Morphological Parts of Wild Fallopia japonica (Houtt) and Fallopia sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) and Their Antioxidative Activity

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Lachowicz ◽  
Jan Oszmiański
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Fallopia Japonica

The aim of this study was to determine the content of triterpenoids and polyphenols, and antioxidative activity in leaves, stalks, and roots of plants from the species Fallopia as well as to present the main relationship between them. Polyphenolic compounds and triterpenoids were identified with liquid chromatography-photodiode detector-mass spectrometry/quadrupole time of flight (LC-MS-Q/TOF; qualitatively) and quantified with an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode detector (UPLC-PDA (quantitatively), and their antioxidative activity was determined with radical scavenging capacity (ABTS) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. Generally, the wild Fallopia japonica Houtt. species had 1.2 times higher content of bioactive compounds and antioxidative activity than Fallopia sachalinensis. Contents of polyphenolic compounds determined in leaves, stalks, and roots were on average 17.81, 10.60, and 9.02 g/100 g of dry weight (DW), whereas the average contents of triterpenoids reached 0.78, 0.70, and 0.50 g/100 g DW, respectively. The leaves were a better source of polymeric procyanidins, phenolic acids, flavones, and flavonols, as well as oleanolic and ursolic acids than the other morphological parts of the tested plants. However, the roots were an excellent source of flavan-3-ols (monomeric and oligomer) and stilbenes, such as resveratrol, and their derivatives. The results obtained showed significant differences between plants of the wild Fallopia species and their morphological parts, and enabled selecting the most valuable morphological part of the tested plants to be used for food enrichment and nutraceuticals production. Therefore, the leaves seem to be the best as potential food additives for health, due to the above-average content of polyphenolic compounds and triterpenoids. In turn, roots, with their high contents of stilbenes and polyphenolic compounds, represent a good material for the medical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. The principal component analysis of the plants of wild Fallopia species and their morphological parts confirmed significant differences in their chemical composition.

scholarly journals Vasorelaxant mode of action of dichloromethane-soluble extract from Agastache mexicana and its main bioactive compounds

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 2807-2813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Flores-Flores ◽  
Oswaldo Hernández-Abreu ◽  
María Yolanda Rios ◽  
Ismael León-Rivera ◽  
Berenice Aguilar-Guadarrama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Soluble Extract

scholarly journals A Review on Microorganisms-Derived Products as Potential Antimicrobial Agents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alka Rani ◽  
Khem Chand Saini ◽  
Felix Bast ◽  
Sunita Varjani ◽  
Sanjeet Mehariya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Glucan Synthase ◽  
Streptomyces Sp

Microorganisms including actinomycetes, archaea, bacteria, fungi, yeast, and micro algae are the auspicious source of vital bioactive compounds. In this review, the existing state of the art re-garding antimicrobial molecules from microorganisms has been summarized. The potential an-timicrobial compounds from actinomycetes, particularly Streptomyces sp.; archaea; fungi including endophytic and marine-derived fungi, mushroom; yeast, and microalgae were briefly described. Furthermore, this review briefly summarized the activity and mode of action of bacteriocins, a ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides product of Eurotium sp., Streptomyces parvulus, S. thermophiles, Lactococcus lactis, etc. Bacteriocins have inherent properties such as targeting multi-ple-drug resistant pathogens, which allows them to be considered next-generation antibiotics. Similarly, Glarea lozoyensis derived antifungal lipohexpeptides i.e., pneumocandins, inhibits 1,3-β-glucan synthase of the fungal cell wall and acts as a precursor for the synthesis of caspo-fungin, is also elaborated. In conclusion, this review highlights the possibility of using microor-ganisms as an antimicrobial resource for biotechnological, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical ap-plications. However, more investigations are still required to separate, purify, and characterize these bioactive compounds and transfer these primary drugs into clinically approved antibiotics.

scholarly journals Effect of Vacuum Impregnation with Apple-Pear Juice on Content of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Dried Chokeberry Fruit

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Nawirska-Olszańska ◽  
Marta Pasławska ◽  
Bogdan Stępień ◽  
Maciej Oziembłowski ◽  
Kinga Sala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Vacuum Pressure ◽  
Vacuum Impregnation ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Vacuum Technology ◽  
Pear Juice ◽  
Positive Effect

Food technology seeks ways to preserve products while maintaining high bioactive properties. Therefore, an attempt was made to assess the effect of the process of impregnation with apple-pear juice and the drying process on the content of bioactive compounds in chokeberry fruit. Chokeberry fruits were subjected to impregnation with apple-pear juice at three levels of vacuum pressure, 4, 6, and 8 kPa; then, they were dried using microwave-vacuum technology. The water activity of the obtained products, the content of fructose, glucose, sorbitol, and polyphenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity were determined. A total of 20 polyphenolic compounds were identified in the fruits and the obtained products (seven anthocyanins, six flavonols, four phenolic acids, and three flavan-3-ols). Preliminary processing, which consisted of introducing the juice ingredients into tissue of the chokeberry fruit, resulted in increased content of bioactive compounds. Moreover, a positive effect of impregnation on the antioxidant stability of the fruit after drying was noted. Water activity in the obtained products showed their microbiological safety. Impregnation at 4 kPa vacuum pressure proved to be the most desirable; in such conditions, the best product in terms of the content of bioactive compounds was obtained.

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