scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Properties and Osteogenic Activity of Polyetheretherketone Coated with Titanate Nanonetwork Structures

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 612
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Yang ◽  
Honghao Zhang ◽  
Satoshi Komasa ◽  
Tetsuji Kusumoto ◽  
Shinsuke Kuwamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cell Behaviors ◽  
Osteogenic Activity ◽  
Plasma Sputtering ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Proliferation

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a potential substitute for conventional metallic biomedical implants owing to its superior mechanical and chemical properties, as well as biocompatibility. However, its inherent bio-inertness and poor osseointegration limit its use in clinical applications. Herein, thin titanium films were deposited on the PEEK substrate by plasma sputtering, and porous nanonetwork structures were incorporated on the PEEK surface by alkali treatment (PEEK-TNS). Changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of the PEEK surface were analyzed to establish the interactions with cell behaviors. The osteoimmunomodulatory properties were evaluated using macrophage cells and osteoblast lineage cells. The functionalized nanostructured surface of PEEK-TNS effectively promoted initial cell adhesion and proliferation, suppressed inflammatory responses, and induced macrophages to anti-inflammatory M2 polarization. Compared with PEEK, PEEK-TNS provided a more beneficial osteoimmune environment, including increased levels of osteogenic, angiogenic, and fibrogenic gene expression, and balanced osteoclast activities. Furthermore, the crosstalk between macrophages and osteoblast cells showed that PEEK-TNS could provide favorable osteoimmunodulatory environment for bone regeneration. PEEK-TNS exhibited high osteogenic activity, as indicated by alkaline phosphatase activity, osteogenic factor production, and the osteogenesis/osteoclastogenesis-related gene expression of osteoblasts. The study establishes that the fabrication of titanate nanonetwork structures on PEEK surfaces could extract an adequate immune response and favorable osteogenesis for functional bone regeneration. Furthermore, it indicates the potential of PEEK-TNS in implant applications.

scholarly journals Woolenization of Jute Fibre

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (30) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Rony Mia ◽  
Md. Ariful Islam ◽  
Bulbul Ahmed ◽  
Jalal Ibn Amin Mojumdar
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
World Market ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Jute Fibre ◽  
Naoh Treatment ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Once upon a time, Jute was called the golden fibre of Bangladesh. Due to some problems and growth of modern technology, the market share of jute has decreased. In this paper, the effect of Woolenization of jute fibre was described. It also shows how the physical and chemical properties of jute have been changed by alkali-treatment as well as its structure. It was demonstrated that this kind of treatment leads to several changes in its structure which has turned to a near wool structure. These works are done by different concentrations of different alkalis. Finally, 15% NaOH treatment of jute show maximum woolenized properties where we obtain softened and swollen jute. Conclusively, we have made some other products from woolenized jute fibres such that if introduced into our world market, it can increase the market share of jute fibre.

Effects of Alkali and Thermal Treatment on the Ti6Al4V towards Apatite Deposition in Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline (DPBS) Solution

2017 ◽  
Vol 890 ◽  
pp. 184-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazlena Hamzah ◽  
Rachel Michael S. Liansim ◽  
Nurul Hazwani Hanib
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Processing Cost ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

A high biocompatibility apatite coated titanium (Ti) could be achieved by biomimetic method. The method is beneficial in surface modification by lowering the processing cost and flexibility. However, the bond between apatite and titanium implant is weak. The structure and composition of apatite formed is different from the apatite in bone. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of heat and alkali treatment on the physical and chemical properties of Ti6Al4V surfaces and to observe the formation of apatite in Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline with CaCl2 and MgCl2 (DPBS) solution on the treated Ti6Al4V for medical implants. Ti discs were surface modified by alkali etching using 5M NaOH at temperature 60°C for 24 hours. A stable mechanical structure of sodium titanate layer formed on alkali-treated is consolidating by heat treated at 500°C and 600 °C. Treated samples were then incubated at 37°C into DPBS solution for 3 days. The morphology structure, phase changes and chemical composition were characterized by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD). The results shows that apatite coating in globular shape, a group of flakes was found on the samples’ surfaces that had been pre-treated with 5M NaOH at temperature 60°C without thermal treatment and thermal treated at 500°C.

scholarly journals Hemicellulose Extraction and Characterization of Rice Straw and Leucaena Leucocephala

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Nadiha ◽  
M. Z . ◽  
Jamilah B
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Agriculture Waste ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Local production of agricultural waste is increasing. It is not fully  utilized  and  can cause an environmental issue if it is not handle wisely. Thus, it is important to increase utilization of lignocellulosic biomass by improving their added value and subsequently decrease the agriculture waste. In this study, rice straw and Leucaena leucocephala were subjected to alkali treatment (4% sodium hydroxide) with different concentration ratio of samples to sodium hydroxide (1:10 to 1:50). The physical and chemical properties of extracted hemicelluloses were studied. The yield of hemicellulose was higher from rice straw compared to Leucaena leucocephala. The chemical functional groups present in hemicellulose were confirmed by Fourier tranform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The surface morphology and roughness of xylan were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Keywords: rice straw, hemicellulose, sodium hydroxide, alkali

scholarly journals Modification of aluminum surfaces by supersonic plasma sputtering

2020 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 02027
Author(s):  
Sergey Ilinykh ◽  
Anastasia Krivorigova ◽  
Nina Ilinykh ◽  
Boris Gelchinski ◽  
Leopold Leontiev
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Plasma Deposition ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Plasma Sputtering ◽  
Supersonic Plasma ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Aluminum Surfaces

Surface engineering allows you to change the physical and chemical properties of the surface layers of materials by modifying or applying protective coatings using various methods. Plasma technologies are widely used in various branches of engineering to produce hardening, wear-resistant, heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant, protective and decorative and other types of coatings that significantly improve the performance properties of products. In this work the results of laboratory studies of the physical and mechanical properties of Ni-B-Cr-Si coatings deposited by supersonic plasma deposition on an aluminum substrate are presented. It is shown that the use of this method of modification of metal surfaces is advisable.

Cell Adhesion and Proliferation on Modified Polyethylene

2007 ◽  
Vol 567-568 ◽  
pp. 269-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Kasálková ◽  
Kateřina Kolářová ◽  
Lucie Bačáková ◽  
Martin Pařízek ◽  
Anna Macková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
Rutherford Back Scattering ◽  
Chemical Surface ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Proliferation

The interaction of cells with polymers is important for their potential applications in medicine and various areas of biotechnology. Their physico-chemical surface properties strongly influence the cell morphology, adhesion and growth. Physical and chemical properties of pristine and modified polyethylene (PE) films were studied. PE was modified by Ar plasma (0–400 s, 2.0 W) and than grafted with amino acid (glycine). Structural and morphological changes of polymer were studied by goniometry and Rutherford back-scattering (RBS). The interaction of these samples with vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) from the rat aorta was studied. Number and morphology of the adhered and proliferated cell on the pristine and modified PE was studied in vitro method. It was found that wetting angle of the modified films decreased with exposure time. Experiments in vitro indicated that the adhesion and proliferation of VSMC is increasing function of degradation time and glycine grafting.

scholarly journals Surface-Modified Highly Biocompatible Bacterial-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate): A Review on the Promising Next-Generation Biomaterial

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Jun Meng Chai ◽  
Tan Suet May Amelia ◽  
Govindan Kothandaraman Mouriya ◽  
Kesaven Bhubalan ◽  
Al-Ashraf Abdullah Amirul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Hydrophobic Nature ◽  
Surface Functionalisation ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are bacteria derived bio-based polymers that are synthesised under limited conditions of nutritional elements with excess carbon sources. Among the members of PHAs, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [(P(3HB-co-4HB)] emerges as an attractive biomaterial to be applied in medical applications owing to its desirable mechanical and physical properties, non-genotoxicity and biocompatibility eliciting appropriate host tissue responses. The tailorable physical and chemical properties and easy surface functionalisation of P(3HB-co-4HB) increase its practicality to be developed as functional medical substitutes. However, its applicability is sometimes limited due to its hydrophobic nature due to fewer bio-recognition sites. In this review, we demonstrate how surface modifications of PHAs, mainly P(3HB-co-4HB), will overcome these limitations and facilitate their use in diverse medical applications. The integration of nanotechnology has drastically enhanced the functionality of P(3HB-co-4HB) biomaterials for application in complex biological environments of the human body. The design of versatile P(3HB-co-4HB) materials with surface modifications promise a non-cytotoxic and biocompatible material without inducing severe inflammatory responses for enhanced effective alternatives in healthcare biotechnology. The enticing work carried out with P(3HB-co-4HB) promises to be one of the next-generation materials in biomedicines which will facilitate translation into the clinic in the future.

Statistical criteria of stellar population types

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Population ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectrophotometric Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Population Type ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In connection with the spectrophotometric study of population-type characteristics of various kinds of stars, a statistical analysis of kinematical and distribution parameters of the same stars is performed at the Toruń Observatory. This has a twofold purpose: first, to provide a practical guide in selecting stars for observing programmes, second, to contribute to the understanding of relations existing between the physical and chemical properties of stars and their kinematics and distribution in the Galaxy.

Biophysical Measurement of Molecular Weight of Foot-and-Mouth Disease RNA Fragments

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 262-263
Author(s):  
Sydney S. Breese ◽  
Howard L. Bachrach
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Rna Fragments ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Continuing studies on the physical and chemical properties of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) have included electron microscopy of RNA strands released when highly purified virus (1) was dialyzed against demlneralized distilled water. The RNA strands were dried on formvar-carbon coated electron microscope screens pretreated with 0.1% bovine plasma albumin in distilled water. At this low salt concentration the RNA strands were extended and were stained with 1% phosphotungstic acid. Random dispersions of strands were recorded on electron micrographs, enlarged to 30,000 or 40,000 X and the lengths measured with a map-measuring wheel. Figure 1 is a typical micrograph and Fig. 2 shows the distributions of strand lengths for the three major types of FMDV (A119 of 6/9/72; C3-Rezende of 1/5/73; and O1-Brugge of 8/24/73.

Tailoring microstructures of materials through biomimetics

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sarikaya ◽  
Ilhan A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Structure Sensitive ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Successive Level ◽  
Engineering Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties ◽  
Synthesis Of Materials

Biomimetics involves investigation of structure, function, and methods of synthesis of biological composite materials. The goal is to apply this information to the design and synthesis of materials for engineering applications.Properties of engineering materials are structure sensitive through the whole spectrum of dimensions from nanometer to macro scale. The goal in designing and processing of technological materials, therefore, is to control microstructural evolution at each of these dimensions so as to achieve predictable physical and chemical properties. Control at each successive level of dimension, however, is a major challenge as is the retention of integrity between successive levels. Engineering materials are rarely fabricated to achieve more than a few of the desired properties and the synthesis techniques usually involve high temperature or low pressure conditions that are energy inefficient and environmentally damaging.In contrast to human-made materials, organisms synthesize composites whose intricate structures are more controlled at each scale and hierarchical order.

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