Effectiveness of Mind–Body Intervention for Inflammatory Conditions: Results from a 26-Week Randomized, Non-Blinded, Parallel-Group Trial

Biopsychosocial intervention has been suggested as a complementary treatment strategy for patients with chronic conditions. We compared the effect of a mind–body intervention (MBI), relative to treatment-as-usual (TAU) on WHO-5 Well-being Index during an intensive period of 12 weeks and follow-up at week 26 among patients with either psoriasis (PsO) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The MBI was based on the ‘Relaxation Response Resiliency Program’ and the ‘Open and Calm Program’, as well as ‘Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction’ (MBSR). The trial was randomized, management-as-usual, and controlled. Statistical analyses were based on the intention-to-treat population using repeated measures and mixed effects models (NCT03888261). We screened 39 potential participants, 35 of which (PsO, n = 20; RA, n = 15) met the eligibility criteria and were randomized: 17 in the MBI group and 18 in the TAU group. Attrition from the intervention program was 19%, with 65% of MBI patients and 71% of TAU patients completing the outcome assessments. After 12 weeks, a statistically significant difference in WHO-5 was observed between the groups (p = 0.019). However, according to the protocol, during the entire trial period, the average (least squares mean values) WHO-5 score was higher although not statistically significant in the MBI group (65.3) compared with the TAU group (59.1), corresponding to a between-group difference over 26 weeks of 6.15 (95% CI: −0.26 to 12.56; p = 0.060). All things considered, adding biopsychosocial intervention to clinical practice to patients with conditions, such as PsO and RA, could potentially improve health-related quality of life.

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A Counseling Application as an Alternative Tool in Increasing Coping Self-Efficacy Among University Students With Academic Distress During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Indonesia: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.712806 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Zahrotur Rusyda Hinduan ◽

Miryam Wedyaswari ◽

Ilham Phalosa Reswara ◽

Hari Setyowibowo

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Well Being ◽

Clinical Trial Registration ◽

Treatment As Usual ◽

Intention To Treat ◽

Use Of Technology ◽

Resilience Scale ◽

Patient Health

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic increased education-related distress among University students globally, including in Indonesia. Psychological factors, such as academic demands, limited opportunity to meet their peers, problematic use of technology, and domestic problems, influenced the well-being of the students, leading to poor academic performance. A mobile-based counseling application was developed to address the distress among University students. The application was meant to reach students living remotely to enable them to access psychological assistance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe a protocol aimed to evaluate the equivalence of the application when compared to the Treatment-As-Usual (TAU) in increasing the coping self-efficacy (CSE) and resilience of students as well as in decreasing their level of depression. A two-armed parallel randomized control non-inferiority trial will be conducted among approximately 430 students with selected academic problems. The participants will be randomly allocated into the TAU and the intervention groups. The primary and secondary outcomes will be measured by the Indonesian versions of the Coping Self-Efficacy (CSE) Scale, the Resilience Scale (RS-14), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The data will be collected at baseline, at the end of each session, and after 3 months. The outcomes will be analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVAs, intention-to-treat, and per-protocol analysis. If proven, the application will be used as an alternative media in helping the students.Clinical Trial Registration: Thailand Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR20200530001); Date of registration: May 28, 2020.

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Effect of Inquiry-Based Stress Reduction (IBSR) Intervention on Well-Being, Resilience and Burnout of Teachers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073689 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3689

Author(s):

Tzofnat Zadok-Gurman ◽

Ronit Jakobovich ◽

Eti Dvash ◽

Keren Zafrani ◽

Benjamin Rolnik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stress Reduction ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Well Being ◽

Stressful Events ◽

Control Group ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Intention To Treat ◽

School Year ◽

Blended Intervention

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on teachers professional and personal lives. Our primary aim was to assess the effect of a blended Inquiry-Based Stress Reduction (IBSR), an emerging mindfulness and cognitive reframing intervention on teacher’s well-being. Our secondary aims were to assess the effect of IBSR on resilience, burnout, mindfulness, and stress among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study was a prospective controlled trial with an intervention group (N = 35) and a comparison control group (N = 32). The intervention took place in the Jerusalem District throughout the school year from November 2019 to May 2020. The sessions were conducted in blended learning that included traditional learning (face-to-face) and online learning. Data was analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis. Results: IBSR blended intervention enhanced the resilience and improved the subjective and psychological well-being of teachers in spite of the breakout of the COVID-19 pandemic and the first lockdown in Israel. Simultaneously the control group suffered from enhanced burnout levels and a decline in psychological and subjective well-being. Conclusions: Implementation of IBSR blended intervention during the school year may benefit teachers’ well-being and ability to flourish, even during stressful events such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Ruminal parameters and ruminal degradability of feedlot sheep fed safflower grains

Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal ◽

10.1590/s1519-99402018000300009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 324-335

Author(s):

Jefferson Leonardo Rocha Alves ◽

Rafael Henrique de Tonissi e Buschinelli de Goes ◽

Antônio Campanha Martinez ◽

Aguinaldo Yoshio Nakamura ◽

Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Asymptotic Model ◽

Ruminal Fermentation ◽

Mean Values ◽

Ruminal Ph ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Times

SUMMARY This study aimed to evaluate the rumen degradability of dry matter (DM), disappearance of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of Tifton 85 hay, and fermentation parameters (pH and ruminal ammonia nitrogen) of sheep fed diets with inclusion of safflower grains (0, 7.50 and 15%). Three mixed breed lambs with average body weight of 35.50± 1.50 kg were used. The rumen degradability of dry matter and NDF of the Tifton 85 haywas analyzedby the disappearance of DM and NDF, and the kinetic parameters adjusted according to the first order asymptotic model. The samples were incubated in the rumen in descending order (96, 48, 24, 12, 6, 3, 0 hours). The determination of ruminal pH and ruminal ammonia nitrogen (RAN) was performed before feeding and 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours after feeding. Data of ruminal fermentation were tested by analysis of variance with repeated measures in time, at 5% probability. Ruminal pH values were not statistically different. When evaluating the RAN, there was a significant difference between the times and treatments for the diet with 15% safflower. The diets presented low effective degradability of DM and NDF with mean values of 18.02% and 47.40%, respectively. The safflower grain can be used up to 7.50% in the diets without altering the degradability and ruminal fermentation.

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Can Machine Learning Predict Stress Reduction Based on Wearable Sensors’ Data Following Relaxation at Workplace? A Pilot Study

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8040448 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 448

Author(s):

Alessandro Tonacci ◽

Alessandro Dellabate ◽

Andrea Dieni ◽

Lorenzo Bachi ◽

Francesco Sansone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Stress Reduction ◽

Wearable Sensors ◽

Well Being ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Learning Approaches ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Audio Video

Nowadays, psychological stress represents a burdensome condition affecting an increasing number of subjects, in turn putting into practice several strategies to cope with this issue, including the administration of relaxation protocols, often performed in non-structured environments, like workplaces, and constrained within short times. Here, we performed a quick relaxation protocol based on a short audio and video, and analyzed physiological signals related to the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity, including electrocardiogram (ECG) and galvanic skin response (GSR). Based on the features extracted, machine learning was applied to discriminate between subjects benefitting from the protocol and those with negative or no effects. Twenty-four healthy volunteers were enrolled for the protocol, equally and randomly divided into Group A, performing an audio-video + video-only relaxation, and Group B, performing an audio-video + audio-only protocol. From the ANS point of view, Group A subjects displayed a significant difference in the heart rate variability-related parameter SDNN across the test phases, whereas both groups displayed a different GSR response, albeit at different levels, with Group A displaying greater differences across phases with respect to Group B. Overall, the majority of the volunteers enrolled self-reported an improvement of their well-being status, according to structured questionnaires. The use of neural networks helped in discriminating those with a positive effect of the relaxation protocol from those with a negative/neutral impact based on basal autonomic features with a 79.2% accuracy. The results obtained demonstrated a significant heterogeneity in autonomic effects of the relaxation, highlighting the importance of maintaining a structured, well-defined protocol to produce significant benefits at the ANS level. Machine learning approaches can be useful to predict the outcome of such protocols, therefore providing subjects less prone to positive responses with personalized advice that could improve the effect of such protocols on self-relaxation perception.

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The Teacher Benefits From Giving Autonomy Support During Physical Education Instruction

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology ◽

10.1123/jsep.2013-0231 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 331-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

Sung Hyeon Cheon ◽

Johnmarshall Reeve ◽

Tae Ho Yu ◽

Hue Ryen Jang

Keyword(s):

Physical Education ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Autonomy Support ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Longitudinal Research ◽

Autonomous Motivation ◽

Well Being ◽

Need Satisfaction ◽

Control Group ◽

Experimental Group

Recognizing that students benefit when they receive autonomy-supportive teaching, the current study tested the parallel hypothesis that teachers themselves would benefit from giving autonomy support. Twenty-seven elementary, middle, and high school physical education teachers (20 males, 7 females) were randomly assigned either to participate in an autonomy-supportive intervention program (experimental group) or to teach their physical education course with their existing style (control group) within a three-wave longitudinal research design. Manipulation checks showed that the intervention was successful, as students perceived and raters scored teachers in the experimental group as displaying a more autonomy-supportive and less controlling motivating style. In the main analyses, ANCOVA-based repeated-measures analyses showed large and consistent benefits for teachers in the experimental group, including greater teaching motivation (psychological need satisfaction, autonomous motivation, and intrinsic goals), teaching skill (teaching efficacy), and teaching well-being (vitality, job satisfaction, and lesser emotional and physical exhaustion). These findings show that giving autonomy support benefits teachers in much the same way that receiving it benefits their students.

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427 - Psychoeducation Program for the Prevention of Older Adults´ Infantilization in Professionals working in Nursing Homes

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610221001861 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. 48-48

Author(s):

C. Noriega ◽

G. Pérez-Rojo ◽

J. López ◽

C. Velasco ◽

M.I. Carretero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Nursing Homes ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Direct Care ◽

Control Group ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Negative Stereotypes ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Experimental Group

IntroductionKayser-Jones (1981) described infantilization as one of the four most frequent types of violence in nursing homes. Older people perceive infantilization as disrespectful and patronizing. In professionals, it can lead to protective behaviors that reduce autonomy and generate more dependency. Despite the importance of this phenomenon, the interventions are scarce and show methodological limitations.ObjectiveThis study analyzed the efficacy of a psychoeducation program for the prevention of infantilization in professionals working in nursing homes. The sample included 154 direct-care workers. The experimental group (N=111) attended a psychoeducational group intervention program while the control group (N=43) did not attend any intervention program. We assessed the infantilized practices the professionals recognized they conducted and the ones observed in the institution before and after the intervention. The intervention lasted 6 hours and included four sessions distributed in two days. These sessions aimed to reduce negative stereotypes, preventing infantilized communication patterns and the use of behaviors or practices that are frequently used with children. We also offered professionals alternative practices that recognize autonomy, decision-making and respect older adults´ dignity and uniqueness. To analyze data, we conducted Repeated measures of ANOVA and one-way ANCOVAs.Results:The scores of infantilization in the experimental group significantly decreased from pre-intervention to post-intervention in the professional, F(1, 85) = 37.184, p = .01, partial η2 = .030, and in the institution, F(1, 84) = 32.128, p = .01, partial η2 = .277, while the control group did not show any changes. There was a statistically significant difference in post-intervention between the experimental and the control group when participants scored their infantilization practices, F(1, 115) = 5.175, p = .03, partial η2 = .043, and infantilization practices observed in the institution, F(1, 115) = 5.810, p = .018, partial η2 = .048.Conclusion:These results reflect the importance of developing interventions focused on preventing infantilization, methodologically rigorous, in which professionals´ training and education are considered key pieces to generate a culture of change. More research is needed to understand this problem in greater depth to develop programs that address this problem at different levels.Funding:This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (grant no. PSI2016-79803-R).

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Designing an intervention program for cancer survivors and work.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2017.35.5_suppl.23 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (5_suppl) ◽

pp. 23-23

Author(s):

Dawn Aubel

Keyword(s):

Cancer Survivors ◽

Cancer Survivorship ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Well Being ◽

Qualitative Inquiry ◽

Future Research ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Patient Reported

23 Background: Nearly two-thirds of cancer survivors return to work after their diagnosis, experiencing unique challenges as they strive to maintain health and career goals. Keeping the workforce healthy through innovative solutions is essential for employers and society. The purpose of this study was to describe the needs of cancer survivors who continue to work and to improve a navigation program designed to optimize well-being. The conceptual framework of the Cancer Survivorship and Work Model by Mehnert, de Boer, & Feuerstein (2013) was used to guide program development and outcomes measurement. Methods: Participants included cancer survivors who were employed at a company where a navigation-based program was offered. Two study groups included individuals who used the intervention program and non-users. There were a total of 7 participants in the intervention group and 17 participants in the non-user group. A mixed-methods design was used. Self-efficacy, emotional support, and informational support were evaluated using validated patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments. Patient satisfaction with the navigator relationship among program users was assessed. Open-ended questions were asked to gain a richer understanding regarding a supportive work intervention. Results: Among participants, there were deficits in self-efficacy and social support. There was no significant difference between groups. There was high satisfaction with the navigator relationship. Qualitative themes included a desire to maintain privacy, and the struggle to integrate health-related needs and high work demands. Conclusions: Population health challenges associated with cancer survivorship should be addressed by relevant interventions and further research. A dedicated work program is appropriate for work success. The navigation design should be further developed and available to employers aiming for a culture of health. Future research should include intervention evaluation using PROs, qualitative inquiry of cancer survivors regarding privacy and work, and applications to other chronic diseases.

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A comparative assessment of clinical efficiency between premium heat-activated copper nickel-titanium and superelastic nickel-titanium archwires during initial orthodontic alignment in adolescents: a randomized clinical trial

Progress in Orthodontics ◽

10.1186/s40510-019-0299-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ezgi Atik ◽

Hande Gorucu-Coskuner ◽

Bengisu Akarsu-Guven ◽

Tulin Taner

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Nickel Titanium ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Anterior Crowding ◽

Arch Width ◽

Clinical Efficiency ◽

Copper Nickel ◽

Irregularity Index ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Incisor Inclination

Abstract Background To compare the clinical efficiency of premium heat-activated copper nickel-titanium (Tanzo Cu-NiTi) and NT3 superelastic NiTi during initial orthodontic alignment. Subject and methods A total of 50 patients were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 different archwire types (group 1, Tanzo Cu-NiTi; group 2, NT3 superelastic NiTi). Eligibility criteria included Class I or Class II malocclusion, moderate maxillary anterior crowding, and healthy periodontal condition. Impressions of the upper arches were taken before archwire placement (T0) and at every 4 weeks (T1, T2, T3, and T4). For T1 and T2 stages, 0.014-in., and for T3 and T4 stages, 0.018-in. archwires were used. The primary outcome was the alignment efficiency assessed using Little’s irregularity index. The secondary outcomes were arch width and incisor inclination changes. Data were analyzed using independent samples t test, repeated measures ANOVA, and Mann-Whitney U test. Marginal models were established for the estimation of coefficients. Results The anterior irregularity index reduction was mostly observed between T0 and T2 periods, which were respectively − 7.40 ± 0.50 mm (p < 0.001; 95% CI, − 8.94, − 5.85) and − 6.80 ± 0.55 mm (p < 0.001; 95% CI, − 8.49, − 5.12) for groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.001). With both wires, Little’s irregularity index decreased over time, and the difference between the groups was not significant (p = 0.581; estimated effect size, 0.011). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of intercanine and intermolar width and incisor inclination changes. Conclusion There were no significant between-group differences in alignment efficiency, arch width, and incisor inclination change. There was an increased alignment with 0.014-in. compared with 0.018-in. diameter archwire.

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Short-term effects of a non-dieting lifestyle intervention program on weight management, fitness, metabolic risk, and psychological well-being in obese premenopausal females with the metabolic syndrome

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h06-093 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 125-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Sean Carroll ◽

Erika Borkoles ◽

Remco Polman

Keyword(s):

Lifestyle Intervention ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Well Being ◽

Obese Women ◽

Short Term ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Lifestyle Intervention Program

Lifestyle modification has been widely acknowledged as the primary treatment for the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We examined the short-term effects of a non-dieting lifestyle intervention program, within the theoretical psychological framework of self-determination theory (SDT), on metabolic fitness and psychological well-being among premenopausal, clinically obese women. A secondary analysis of a randomized, controlled, 3 month, intensive, community-based lifestyle intervention study was performed on 31 pre-menopausal obese women with the MetS (56.4% of original study sample). These participants had been randomly allocated to a non-dieting lifestyle intervention group (n = 17) or waiting list control (n = 14). Among participants who completed repeat anthropometric and cardiorespiratory fitness measurements after 3 months intervention, the lifestyle intervention group showed a significant improvement in VO2 (mL·kg–1·min–1) compared with control (test for interaction, p = 0.003). No significant difference was found for body mass. Metabolic improvements were evident for diastolic blood pressure and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in both groups. The lifestyle intervention group also showed significantly improved general psychological well-being compared with the control group (test for interaction, p = 0.0005). All of the psychological well-being subscales showed significant favourable changes in the intervention group as compared with controls. This short-term, non-dieting lifestyle intervention, consistent with the “Health at Every Size” (HAES) obesity treatment paradigm, significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness and psychological well-being. Metabolic risk tended to improve after 3 months intervention with no significant difference in the resolution of the MetS between intervention and control participants.

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Azithromycin and Full-Mouth Scaling For the Treatment of Generalized Stage III and IV Periodontitis: A 6-Month Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201902111 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 429-436

Author(s):

Alcione M. S. D. Oliveira ◽

Fernando O. Costa ◽

Letícia Mara R. Nogueira ◽

Sheila C. Cortelli ◽

Peterson A. D Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Bacterial Load ◽

Stage Iii ◽

Mean Values ◽

Paired Student ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Crevicular Fluid

Abstract The effectiveness of azithromycin combined with full-mouth scaling procedures was compared to quadrant-wise scaling combined with the same dosage of azithromycin when treating periodontitis patients over a 6-month period. In this randomized clinical trial study, thirty-four individuals diagnosed with generalized stage III and IV periodontitis underwent baseline, 3-month, and 6-month post-treatment examinations. The study population was randomly assigned to either full-mouth scaling (FMS) or quadrant-wise scaling and root planning (QSRP) in addition to their taking of systemic azithromycin (500 mg/day) for three consecutive days. Periodontal probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were monitored along with the quantification of total bacterial load and red complex bacterial species (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola) in subgingival samples by real time polymerase chain reaction. The volume of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was also monitored over time. The primary outcomes included improvements of PD and CAL. Data was statistically analyzed through a repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, multiple least significant difference (LSD) comparisons, Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman, and paired Student t-tests (p<0.05). FMS and QSRP provided similar PD, CAL, GI, PI, and GCF improvements. After treatment, the FMS group displayed lower mean values of total bacterial load and red complex bacterial species in comparison to the QSRP group. FMS and QSRP in conjunction with systemic azithromycin appeared to be an effective and reliable short-term therapeutic approach for the treatment of generalized stage III and IV periodontitis. However, FMD demonstrated superiority in regard to the 6-month antibacterial effects when compared to QSRP.

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