scholarly journals Interstitial Lung Abnormalities Detected by CT in Asbestos-Exposed Subjects Are More Likely Associated to Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3130
Author(s):  
François Laurent ◽  
Ilyes Benlala ◽  
Gael Dournes ◽  
Celine Gramond ◽  
Isabelle Thaon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Exposure Index ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Lung Abnormalities ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

Objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between interstitial lung abnormalities, asbestos exposure and age in a population of retired workers previously occupationally exposed to asbestos. Methods: previously occupationally exposed former workers to asbestos eligible for a survey conducted between 2003 and 2005 in four regions of France, underwent chest CT examinations and pulmonary function testing. Industrial hygienists evaluated asbestos exposure and calculated for each subject a cumulative exposure index (CEI) to asbestos. Smoking status information was also collected in this second round of screening. Expert radiologists performed blinded independent double reading of chest CT-scans and classified interstitial lung abnormalities into: no abnormality, minor interstitial findings, interstitial findings inconsistent with UIP, possible or definite UIP. In addition, emphysema was assessed visually (none, minor: emphysema <25%, moderate: between 25 and 50% and severe: >50% of the lung). Logistic regression models adjusted for age and smoking were used to assess the relationship between interstitial lung abnormalities and occupational asbestos exposure. Results: the study population consisted of 2157 male subjects. Interstitial lung abnormalities were present in 365 (16.7%) and emphysema in 444 (20.4%). Significant positive association was found between definite or possible UIP pattern and age (OR adjusted =1.08 (95% CI: 1.02–1.13)). No association was found between interstitial abnormalities and CEI or the level of asbestos exposure. Conclusion: presence of interstitial abnormalities at HRCT was associated to aging but not to cumulative exposure index in this cohort of former workers previously occupationally exposed to asbestos.

scholarly journals Ambient air pollution exposure and risk and progression of interstitial lung abnormalities: the Framingham Heart Study

Thorax ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 1063-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary B Rice ◽  
Wenyuan Li ◽  
Joel Schwartz ◽  
Qian Di ◽  
Itai Kloog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Cardiac Ct ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Lung Abnormalities

BackgroundAmbient air pollution accelerates lung function decline among adults, however, there are limited data about its role in the development and progression of early stages of interstitial lung disease.AimsTo evaluate associations of long-term exposure to traffic and ambient pollutants with odds of interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) and progression of ILA on repeated imaging.MethodsWe ascertained ILA on chest CT obtained from 2618 Framingham participants from 2008 to 2011. Among 1846 participants who also completed a cardiac CT from 2002 to 2005, we determined interval ILA progression. We assigned distance from home address to major roadway, and the 5-year average of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), elemental carbon (EC, a traffic-related PM2.5 constituent) and ozone using spatio-temporal prediction models. Logistic regression models were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, packyears of smoking, household tobacco exposure, neighbourhood household value, primary occupation, cohort and date.ResultsAmong 2618 participants with a chest CT, 176 (6.7%) had ILA, 1361 (52.0%) had no ILA, and the remainder were indeterminate. Among 1846 with a preceding cardiac CT, 118 (6.4%) had ILA with interval progression. In adjusted logistic regression models, an IQR difference in 5-year EC exposure of 0.14 µg/m3 was associated with a 1.27 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.55) times greater odds of ILA, and a 1.33 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.76) times greater odds of ILA progression. PM2.5 and O3 were not associated with ILA or ILA progression.ConclusionsExposure to EC may increase risk of progressive ILA, however, associations with other measures of ambient pollution were inconclusive.

scholarly journals The Dietary Inflammatory Index and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia in the MCC Spain Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
José Carlos Flores ◽  
Esther Gracia-Lavedan ◽  
Yolanda Benavente ◽  
Pilar Amiano ◽  
Dora Romaguera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukaemia ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Future Research ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Inflammatory Index

Chronic inflammation plays a role in the development of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), and diet might modulate chronic inflammation. This study aims to evaluate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and CLL. A total of 366 CLL cases and 1643 controls of the Spanish multicase-control (MCC) Spain study were included. The inflammatory potential of the diet was assessed using the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) based on 30 items from a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using logistic regression models controlling for potential confounders. Overall, a modest, non-statistically significant, positive association was observed between CLL and E-DII scores (OR for a one-unit increase in E-DII: 1.05 (CI 95%: 0.99, 1.12), p-value = 0.09 and by tertiles: ORT2vsT1: 1.20 (CI 95%: 0.90, 1.59); OR T3vsT1: 1.21 (CI 95%: 0.90, 1.62), p trend = 0.21). These results were independent from disease severity (p-het: 0.70), time from diagnosis (p-het: 0.67) and CLL treatment received (p-het: 0.56). No interactions were detected. In conclusion, the consumption of a diet with high pro-inflammatory components was not significantly associated with CLL. Changes towards a more pro-inflammatory dietary pattern in younger generations not included here warrant future research.

Abstract P078: Re-evaluation of Prognostic Values of Clockwise and Counterclockwise Rotation for Total and Cardiovascular Mortality in a Different Cohort (20 Year Follow-up of NIPPON DATA90)

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Nakamura ◽  
Tomonori Okamura ◽  
Akira Fujiyoshi ◽  
Aya Kadota ◽  
Takashi Hisamatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cox Model ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Clockwise Rotation ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background: We previously reported that electrocardiographic (ECG) clockwise rotation (CWR) was positively and counter-clockwise rotation (CCWR) was inversely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in Japanese using 24 Year Follow-up of NIPPON DATA80. Re-evaluation of the prognostic values of CWR and CCWR in a different cohort is needed. Methods: We studied prognostic values of CWR and CCWR on total and CVD mortality using the NIPPON DATA90 database with a 20-year follow-up. At the baseline in 1990, data were collected on study participants, ages 30 years and over, from randomly selected areas in Japan. We followed 8,262 participants without major ECG abnormalities, or history of stroke or myocardial infarction (41.8% men, mean age 53.0 y) for 20 years. Analysis was made in men and women combined. Results: Among participants, 49.9% were in the normal rotation group, 7.2% in CWR group, and 42.9% in CCWR group. During the 20 year follow-up, there were 1,997 total, and 605 CVD mortality. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) using the Cox model including age, sex, BMI, alcohol and smoking status, hypertension, diabetes and other ECG variables revealed that CWR was significantly positively associated with total mortality (HR=1.19, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.02-1.39, P=0.032), but not with CVD mortality (HR=0.99 [0.68-1.33], P=0.95). CCWR was significantly inversely associated with CVD (HR=0.81 [0.68-0.96], P=0.016), and total mortality (HR=0.91 [0.83-0.997], P=0.043). Conclusions: We have reconfirmed a significant positive association of CWR in total mortality, and a significant inverse association of CCWR with CVD and total mortality in men and women combined, independent of confounding factors including other ECG changes.

Safety of Thimerosal-Containing Vaccines: A Two-Phased Study of Computerized Health Maintenance Organization Databases

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 1039-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Verstraeten ◽  
Robert L. Davis ◽  
Frank DeStefano ◽  
Tracy A. Lieu ◽  
Philip H. Rhodes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Health Maintenance Organization ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Health Maintenance

Objective. To assess the possible toxicity of thimerosal-containing vaccines (TCVs) among infants. Methods. A 2-phased retrospective cohort study was conducted using computerized health maintenance organization (HMO) databases. Phase I screened for associations between neurodevelopmental disorders and thimerosal exposure among 124 170 infants who were born during 1992 to 1999 at 2 HMOs (A and B). In phase II, the most common disorders associated with exposure in phase I were reevaluated among 16 717 children who were born during 1991 to 1997 in another HMO (C). Relative risks for neurodevelopmental disorders were calculated per increase of 12.5 μg of estimated cumulative mercury exposure from TCVs in the first, third, and seventh months of life. Results. In phase I at HMO A, cumulative exposure at 3 months resulted in a significant positive association with tics (relative risk [RR]: 1.89; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–3.38). At HMO B, increased risks of language delay were found for cumulative exposure at 3 months (RR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01–1.27) and 7 months (RR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01–1.13). In phase II at HMO C, no significant associations were found. In no analyses were significant increased risks found for autism or attention-deficit disorder. Conclusions. No consistent significant associations were found between TCVs and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Conflicting results were found at different HMOs for certain outcomes. For resolving the conflicting findings, studies with uniform neurodevelopmental assessments of children with a range of cumulative thimerosal exposures are needed.

scholarly journals The Associations of Dietary Iron, Zinc and Magnesium with Metabolic Syndrome in China’s Mega Cities

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 659
Author(s):  
Zhenni Zhu ◽  
Yuna He ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
Liyun Zhao ◽  
Chunfeng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dietary Iron ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Hierarchical Logistic Regression ◽  
Mega Cities

Background: Iron, zinc and magnesium perform differently in body metabolism but exist in similar food. This study was to evaluate the associations of dietary iron, zinc and magnesium with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: A sample of a total of 5323 participants from four of China’s mega cities was included in the current study. Both a 3-day 24-h dietary recall and household condiment weighing were applied to assess dietary intake, respectively. Hierarchical logistic regression models were used to evaluate the associations of dietary iron, zinc and magnesium with MetS. Results: After adjusting for age, sex, region, years of education, physical activity level, intended physical exercises, smoking status, alcohol use, daily energy intake and mutual adjustment for dietary iron, zinc and magnesium, significant positive trends were found across quartiles of total dietary iron and the risk of MetS, as well as for magnesium and MetS (p value for trends = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively); dietary zinc was inversely associated with MetS risk (p value for trend < 0.01). Magnesium from grains and potato was positively associated with MetS (p value for trend < 0.01). Conclusions: Dietary iron and magnesium were positively associated with the risk of MetS, while zinc was inversely associated with the risk of MetS, in China’s mega cities. The positive association of magnesium with MetS could be a result confounding by other factors correlated with magnesium in grains and potato, which warrants further study.

scholarly journals The Inflammatory Potential of the Diet Is Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Different Subgroups of the General Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 147 (5) ◽  
pp. 879-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moufidath Adjibade ◽  
Valentina A Andreeva ◽  
Cédric Lemogne ◽  
Mathilde Touvier ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Inflammatory Index

AbstractBackground: Low-grade chronic inflammation, which can be modulated by diet, has been suggested as an important risk factor for depression, but few studies have investigated the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and depression.Objective: We investigated the prospective association between the inflammatory potential of the diet, measured by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and incident depressive symptoms and tested the potential modulating effect of sex, age, physical activity, and smoking status.Methods: This study included 3523 participants (aged 35–60 y) from the SU.VI.MAX (Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants) cohort, who were initially free of depressive symptoms. Baseline DII (1994–1996) was computed by using repeated 24-h dietary records. Incident depressive symptoms were defined by a Center for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression Scale score ≥17 for men and ≥23 for women in 2007–2009. We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate ORs and 95% CIs, and modeled the DII as a continuous variable and as sex-specific quartiles.Results: A total of 172 cases of incident depressive symptoms were identified over a mean follow-up of 12.6 y. The DII was not associated with incident depressive symptoms in the full sample. In sex-specific models, men with a higher DII had a higher risk of incident depressive symptoms (quartile 4 compared with quartile 1—OR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.01, 5.35), but the association was only marginally significant (P-trend = 0.06). When analyses were performed across smoking status, current and former smokers with a higher DII had a higher risk of incident depressive symptoms (quartile 4 compared with quartile 1—OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.08, 4.52). A positive association was also observed among less physically active participants (quartile 4 compared with quartile 1—OR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.05, 4.07).Conclusion: The promotion of a healthy diet with anti-inflammatory properties may help to prevent depressive symptoms, particularly among men, smokers, or physically inactive individuals. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT0027242.

scholarly journals Prediabetes/Diabetes Can Be Screened at the Dental Office by a Low-Cost and Fast Chair-Side/Point-of-Care aMMP-8 Immunotest

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Grigoriadis ◽  
Timo Sorsa ◽  
Ismo Räisänen ◽  
Pirjo Pärnänen ◽  
Taina Tervahartiala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Oral Rinse ◽  
Dental Office

Pre-diabetes and diabetes are strongly associated with periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis), and these conditions are known to upregulate aMMP-8 in inflamed gingiva and oral fluids. Thus, it would be feasible to screen for prediabetes and diabetes at the dental office by chairside tests. Chair-side assessment of HbA1c and a quantitative point-of-care (PoC) active matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP)-8 oral rinse immunotest developed for periodontal diseases, were performed on patients (n = 69) attending a Periodontology University Clinic who fulfilled the criteria for testing according to the screening questionnaire of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA. Clinical parameters of periodontal disease were also recorded with an automated probe. Twenty seven-point-five percent of the subjects were found with previously unknown hyperglycemia (HbA1c ≥ 5.7%). There was a statistically-significant positive association between the aMMP-8test and prediabetes (p < 0.05, unadjusted and adjusted for BMI and age ≥ 45 years logistic regression models). The dental setting is suitable for opportunistic screening for undiagnosed diabetes and pre-diabetes and point-of-care HbA1c, especially when combined with aMMP-8 assessment by dental professionals, being convenient and effective.

scholarly journals The Impact of Smoking on the Association between Perfluoroalkyl Acids (PFAS) and Thyroid Hormones: A National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Analysis

Toxics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Maaike van Gerwen ◽  
Naomi Alpert ◽  
Mathilda Alsen ◽  
Kimia Ziadkhanpour ◽  
Emanuela Taioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
National Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Perfluoroalkyl Acids ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Impact

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAS) are known endocrine disrupting chemicals, potentially affecting thyroid function. Smoking has been associated with PFAS levels as well as with thyroid function. The impact of smoking on the association between PFAS and thyroid function remains to be elucidated, so the objective was to assess the effect of PFAS exposure on thyroid function in the general population, stratified by smoking status, using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). NHANES adult participants who were part of the 2011–2012 laboratory subsample and had PFAS and thyroid function measured were included (n = 1325). Adjusted linear regression models and stratified analyses were performed. There was a significant positive association between perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) (p = 0.003), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) (p = 0.014), total PFAS (p = 0.004) concentrations and free T4 (FT4). No significant associations were found between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), PFOS, perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), PFNA, total PFAS and total T4 (TT4) or thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). In non-smokers, a significant positive association was found between PFOS (p = 0.003), PFHxS (p = 0.034), PFNA (p = 0.012), total PFAS (p = 0.003) and FT4 while no significant associations were found in smokers. The present study showed that increased PFAS exposure was associated with increased FT4 in non-smokers, while no association was found in smokers. These results confirm that smoking modifies the association between PFAS exposure and thyroid function.

The Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Dysmenorrhea in University Students in North China 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Yang ◽  
Jia Guo ◽  
Ming-li Sun ◽  
Qin-cheng He ◽  
Ya-Nan Ma
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female College ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

Abstract Background: Dysmenorrhea is a condition frequently affecting menstruating women worldwide. Unfortunately, only a few studies have estimated the relationship between alcohol consumption and dysmenorrhea among women. In particular, there are fewer studies to explore the association between alcohol consumption, dysmenorrhea, and age at menarche. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether and to what extent alcohol consumption is related to dysmenorrhea and age at menarche. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted among college students. A total of 3,837 participants (age ≥18 years) volunteered to participate in the study and completed the questionnaire. Moreover, 145 were excluded from the study owing to exclusion criteria. We divided female college students into two groups stratified by age at menarche (AAM) 13 years. Logistic regression models were performed to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of alcohol consumption with dysmenorrhea, adjusting for confounding factors. Results: A total of 3692 female college students completed the survey, including 409 (11.08%) who reported alcohol use. We found that alcohol consumption was not related to dysmenorrhea. However, stratified by age at menarche, we found that a positive association between alcohol consumption and dysmenorrhea among participants with AAM ≥13 years (OR,1.41; 95% CI, 1.06, 1.88). Compared with participants who reported no alcohol consumption, participants who reported consuming alcohol at least once a month (OR,1.29; 95% CI, 0.94, 1.78) and alcohol consumption at least once a week (OR,1.92; 95% CI, 1.07, 3.45) were more likely to have dysmenorrhea adjusting for other confounding factors. Conclusion: Our findings showed overall no association of alcohol consumption with dysmenorrhea but a statistically significant positive association for those whose AAM was >13 years.

scholarly journals Urinary 8-OHdG as a Biomarker for Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Graille ◽  
Pascal Wild ◽  
Jean-Jacques Sauvain ◽  
Maud Hemmendinger ◽  
Irina Guseva Canu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Oxidized Products

Oxidative stress reflects a disturbance in the balance between the production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are scavenged by the antioxidant system, but when in excess concentration, they can oxidize proteins, lipids, and DNA. DNA damage is usually repaired, and the oxidized products are excreted in urine. 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine is considered a biomarker for oxidative damage of DNA. It is needed to define background ranges for 8-OHdG, to use it as a measure of oxidative stress overproduction. We established a standardized protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess background ranges for urinary 8-OHdG concentrations in healthy populations. We computed geometric mean (GM) and geometric standard deviations (GSD) as the basis for the meta-analysis. We retrieved an initial 1246 articles, included 84 articles, and identified 128 study subgroups. We stratified the subgroups by body mass index, gender, and smoking status reported. The pooled GM value for urinary 8-OHdG concentrations in healthy adults with a mean body mass index (BMI) ≤ 25 measured using chemical methods was 3.9 ng/mg creatinine (interquartile range (IQR): 3 to 5.5 ng/mg creatinine). A significant positive association was observed between smoking and urinary 8-OHdG concentrations when measured by chemical analysis. No gender effect was observed.

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