scholarly journals Methodological Tools for Investment Risk Assessment for the Companies of Real Economy Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Tetiana Zholonko ◽  
Olesia Grebinchuk ◽  
Maryna Bielikova ◽  
Yurii Kulynych ◽  
Olena Oviechkina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Group Process ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Risk Appetite ◽  
The Impact

Methodological approaches to investing in companies and reducing the negative impact of risks that are formed at the macro and micro levels are considered in the article. The algorithm for expressing investment risks through related risks and conducting an investment risk assessment as a group process is defined. It has been determined that the defining features of investment risks are the environment, duration, and scope of the project, risk position, profile, risk appetite, consequences, capacity, and results of the impact on the investment project. An investment risk accounting system is formed, which is represented by a set of organized structural elements that perform functions related to planning and implementation of a set of measures that identify, assess, monitor, and control risks to minimize negative consequences and enhance opportunities. A method of forming a real portfolio of investment projects considering the dynamic risk factor has been developed.

Financial Risks of the Bank: Assessment and Mechanism of Neutralization

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Nelia Volkova ◽  
◽  
Alina Mukhina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Banking Institution ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Introduction. The issue of financial risk management of commercial banks is quite relevant today, because the activity of banks is the most risky of all. The presence of risks in banking can lead to unexpected losses, namely the loss of own resources. That’s why for the stable operation of the bank without loss the priority is to assess the financial risks, which is the basis for their further neutralization. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to develop conceptual provisions for assessment financial risks and justifying the need to neutralize them. Results. The article analyzes the impact of risks on the financial stability of a banking institution. The main methods of bank risk assessment are considered. All these include the statistical method, the analytical method, the expert method, the analogue method and the combined method. The necessity of neutralization of financial risks in order to avoid negative consequences is substantiated. Also the methods of bank risks neutralization are considered. It should be noted that these methods of neutralization can not only be used, but also supplement the list with new methods must be done, which in the future will protect the bank from the influence of undesirable factors. A conceptual approach to the assessment and neutralization of financial risks is proposed. This conceptual approach aims to ensure effective assessment of the level of risk with their subsequent neutralization Conclusions. Use of a conceptual approach will allow an effective risk assessment and decision-making to avoid or accept risk. Thanks to using this approach, the banking institution will be able to react swiftly to the presence of financial risks and to prevent the occurrence of negative consequences, which may lead to a violation of the financial stability of the bank.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Surgical Training: the Past, the Present and the Future

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Yiasemidou
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Surgical Training ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Surgical Services ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic and infection control measures had an unavoidable impact on surgical services. During the first wave of the pandemic, elective surgery, endoscopy, and ‘face-to-face’ clinics were discontinued after recommendations from professional bodies. In addition, training courses, examinations, conferences, and training rotations were postponed or cancelled. Inadvertently, infection control and prevention measures, both within and outside hospitals, have caused a significant negative impact on training. At the same time, they have given space to new technologies, like telemedicine and platforms for webinars, to blossom. While the recovery phase is well underway in some parts of the world, most surgical services are not operating at full capacity. Unfortunately, some countries are still battling a second or third wave of the pandemic with severely negative consequences on surgical services. Several studies have looked into the impact of COVID-19 on surgical training. Here, an objective overview of studies from different parts of the world is presented. Also, evidence-based solutions are suggested for future surgical training interventions.

METHODS FOR PROTECTING THE EQUIPMENT OF CELLULAR (MOBILE) CONNECTION FROM ELECTROMAGNETIC IMPACT

2021 ◽  
Vol 335 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Zh. S. Abdimuratov ◽  
Zh. D. Manbetova ◽  
M. N. Imankul ◽  
K. S. Chezhimbayeva ◽  
A. Zh. Sagyndikova
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
External Interference ◽  
Extremely High Frequency ◽  
The Impact

Under electromagnetic impact (EMI) of a sufficient level, temporary disruption of functioning, processing, transmission and storage of information in cellular equipment is possible. Possible problems of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of a mobile phone and a base station (BS) of cellular connection under the influence of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from other sources and their negative impact on functioning are considered. The energy of the HF electromagnetic field (EMF) after passing through the protective case can affect the devices of shielded radio electronic equipment (REE), therefore, the possible negative consequences of the impact of high-energy EMF on the REE are described. Possible negative consequences under certain conditions from the influence of the skin-effect, the effects of electrostatic discharge and electromagnetic pulses on electronic devices are given. It is shown that the constructional method of protecting REE from the effects of external electromagnetic factors consists in reducing the collected and transmitted EMF energy by improving the design, placement and installation of equipment. Components of some vendors for 5G systems that are resistant to external interference are given, and the possibilities for reducing the radiation level of a cell phone are noted. The necessity of an integrated approach to solving EMC problems is substantiated, which consists in the use of structural, circuitry and structural-functional methods of EMC provision. The new 5G (Fifth Generation) standard will operate at higher operating frequencies compared to previous generations. Due to the workload of the electromagnetic spectrum at frequencies below 6 GHz, 5G networks will be based on wireless radio access systems operating at frequencies of 30–100 GHz, that is, in the lower band of the extremely high frequency range EHF (Extremely High Frequency), 30–300 GHz.

scholarly journals Does Customer Demotion Jeopardize Loyalty?

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tillmann Wagner ◽  
Thorsten Hennig-Thurau ◽  
Thomas Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Loyalty Programs ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Loyalty Intentions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scenario Study

Hierarchical loyalty programs award elevated customer status (e.g., “elite membership”) to consumers who meet a predefined spending level. However, if a customer subsequently falls short of the required spending level, firms commonly revoke that status. The authors investigate the impact of such customer demotion on loyalty intentions toward the firm. Building on prospect theory and emotions theory, the authors hypothesize that changes in customer status have an asymmetric negative effect, such that the negative impact of customer demotion is stronger than the positive impact of status increases. An experimental scenario study provides evidence that loyalty intentions are indeed lower for demoted customers than for those who have never been awarded a preferred status, meaning that hierarchical loyalty programs can drive otherwise loyal customers away from a firm. A field study using proprietary sales data from a different industry context demonstrates the robustness of the negative impact of customer demotion. The authors test the extent to which design variables of hierarchical loyalty programs may attenuate the negative consequences of status demotions with a second experimental scenario study and present an analytical model that links status demotion to customer equity to aid managerial decision making.

scholarly journals International Real Estate Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-210
Author(s):  
Nicholas Apergis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
Quantitative Easing ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Lower House ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

Given that the literature on the impact of natural disasters on house prices is highly limited, this paper combines data on natural disasters and house prices from 117 countries, which span the period 2000-2018 and a panel regression method to estimate the effects of natural disasters on house prices. The findings document that natural disasters lead to lower house prices, with the results surviving a number of robustness tests. When examining the impacts of natural disasters by type, the findings highlight that geological disasters exert the strongest (negative) impact on house prices. The results also illustrate the negative impact of those disasters on house prices when also taking the distinction between small and large disasters into account. The findings provide important implications for policymakers and property investors. Lower house prices in countries that experience natural disasters events could significantly signify lower consumption and investment (the wealth effect), with further negative spillovers to the real economy. Economic policymakers could implement low-tax policies or quantitative easing schemes to support these areas/countries. The findings exemplify the need for governments and policymakers to mitigate climate change effects on housing by adopting new and more environmentally friendly technologies and energy sources.

scholarly journals Development and validation of the WhatsApp Negative Impact scale (WANIS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-250
Author(s):  
Cristina Bernal-Ruiz ◽  
Ángel Rosa-Alcázar ◽  
Víctor González-Calatayud
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Family Work ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
The Impact

The use of instant messaging affects different areas of users’ daily lives (personal, social, family, work). The aim of this research was to develop and validate a scale that measures the negative impact of WhatsApp's use in several areas (WANIS). Two studies were conducted. The first one was a pilot study in which the scale was built. The sample consisted of 95 university students aged between 17 and 27. (M = 21.34; SD = 2.11). In the second study, the factor structure was examined and the validity of the scale was analysed from a sample of 630 university students aged between 18 and 62 (M = 21.23; DT = 4.32). The exploratory factor analysis revealed that the three-factor solution was most appropriate for interpreting the scale. The instrument had high reliability and good convergent and discriminant validity. The results indicated that sex, marital status and employment status affected the negative impact experienced by WhatsApp users. This scale has proven to be a valid tool for assessing the impact that this instant messaging application has on controlling intimate relationships, the negative consequences of its use and the problematic use by users.

RESPONSE OF THE RUSSIAN LABOR MARKET TO THE "FIRST" AND "SECOND" WAVES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Marina N. Khramova ◽  
◽  
Sergey V. Ryazantsev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
State Support ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Unstable Dynamics

The paper provides some results of a study of changes that have occurred in the labor markets of Russian regions during the "first" and "second" waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, it is shown that in 2020 — 2021 there were transformations in the structure of employment of the population of the Russian regions, for example, the number of vacancies in the industries that were most severely affected by the introduction of restrictive measures in the economy decreased, the unemployment rate increased significantly. The negative consequences of the pandemic in one way or another manifested themselves in all Russian regions. However, in a number of regions, which even before the pandemic showed an unstable dynamics of socio-economic development, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic had a more significant negative impact. This indicates that during a pandemic, divergence processes have intensified in the national economy. At the same time, during the pandemic, some new forms of employment were developed, associated with the need to switch to a remote mode of work. We believe that these new forms of employment will remain relevant both in Russian and international practice even after the end of the pandemic. The paper also analyzes the main measures of state support for the population, small and medium-sized businesses, and migrants. It is shown that, in general, the measures of state support during the pandemic were timely and made it possible to avoid the collapse of the national economy. It is concluded that support measures should be more regionally differentiated in order to take into account the specifics of the economy of the regions of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Examining the Associations between Psychological Flexibility, Mindfulness, Psychosomatic Functioning, and Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Path Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8764
Author(s):  
Benita Wielgus ◽  
Witold Urban ◽  
Aleksandra Patriak ◽  
Łukasz Cichocki
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Psychological Flexibility ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mindfulness Practice ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Social distancing plays a leading role in controlling the spread of coronavirus. However, prolonged lockdown can lead to negative consequences in terms of mental health. The goal of the research is to examine the relationship between anxiety and general psychosomatic functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic; the impact of psychological flexibility and mindfulness is also considered. Variables were measured with self-report questionnaires and symptom checklists. The sample included 170 people (M = 27.79, SD = 8.16). Pearson’s correlation, stepwise regression, and path analysis were conducted. The results showed a significant positive relationship between state anxiety and somatic and psychological responses to the pandemic. Path analysis revealed that mindfulness had a direct negative impact on and decreased the level of state anxiety (b = −0.22, p = 0.002), whereas psychological flexibility influenced the variable indirectly (b = 0.23, p = 0.002) by enhancing psychosomatic functioning (b = −0.64, p < 0.001). Psychological flexibility and mindfulness may mediate the development of mental disorders and facilitate achieving overall wellbeing. The study points to the usefulness of mindfulness practice as a form of self-help with anxiety symptoms; this is crucial during the pandemic because contact with clients is restricted.

scholarly journals Bystanders intervene to impede grooming in Western chimpanzees and sooty mangabeys

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 171296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Mielke ◽  
Liran Samuni ◽  
Anna Preis ◽  
Jan F. Gogarten ◽  
Catherine Crockford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dominance Rank ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Sooty Mangabeys ◽  
Lower Ranking ◽  
Cercocebus Atys ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Grooming interactions benefit groomers, but may have negative consequences for bystanders. Grooming limits bystanders' grooming access and ensuing alliances could threaten the bystander's hierarchy rank or their previous investment in the groomers. To gain a competitive advantage, bystanders could intervene into a grooming bout to increase their own grooming access or to prevent the negative impact of others' grooming. We tested the impact of dominance rank and social relationships on grooming intervention likelihood and outcome in two sympatric primate species, Western chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes verus ) and sooty mangabeys ( Cercocebus atys atys ). In both species, rather than increasing their own access to preferred partners, bystanders intervened mainly when an alliance between groomers could have a negative impact on them: when the lower-ranking groomer was close to the bystander in rank, when either groomer was an affiliation partner whose services they could lose, or the groomers were not yet strongly affiliated with each other. Thus, bystanders in both species appear to monitor grooming interactions and intervene based on their own dominance rank and social relationships, as well as triadic awareness of the relationship between groomers. While the motivation to intervene did not differ between species, mangabeys appeared to be more constrained by dominance rank than chimpanzees.

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