scholarly journals Impact of Efficiency on Voluntary Disclosure of Non-Banking Financial Company—Microfinance Institutions in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Arpita Sharma ◽  
Shailesh Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
Voluntary Disclosure ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Social Efficiency ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Dual Objectives

This paper investigates how the financial and social efficiency of firms influence the extent of the voluntary disclosure of Non-Banking Financial Companies–Micro Financial Institutions (NBFC-MFI). The study constructed an unweighted index of voluntary disclosure to estimate the level of voluntary disclosure of all of the included firms from the years 2015–2019. The financial and social efficiency, which is analogous to the technical efficiency of production theory and analyses both sustainability and outreach, respectively, was estimated using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The panel data analysis was completed, and a positive association of financial efficiency was estimated. The social efficiency was found to have no relationship to the voluntary disclosure level. This paper contributed to the literature by providing new determinants of voluntary disclosure. The study examines the econometric model and suggests that financially sustainable firms that utilize these resources well are more open to outsiders, while socially efficient firms are reluctant to voluntary disclosure, which also includes social activities, and consider this as a wasteful activity. The findings of this study are relevant to industry practitioners and regulators, who need to think upon the sustainability of this crucial sector by meeting the dual objectives of financial and social performance. This study is helpful to all stakeholders as well as for the government, who can use the results to design additional rules for the NBFC–MFI. This study will also help firms to design disclosure strategies to ascertain goodwill and less cost of capital, with easy access to funds.

Social and Financial Efficiency: A Study of Indian Microfinance Institutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Swati Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Social Efficiency ◽  
Financial Efficiency ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data

Microfinance institutions (MFIs) provides savings, credit, insurance and remittance facilities to more impoverished people without any collateral. MFIs have twin goals: social outreach and financial sustainability. Outreach refers to how many people are served by MFIs while the capacity of MFIs to serve longer is financial sustainability. The social and financial performance of MFIs is the most debatable issue in the Indian microfinance industry. Social efficiency indicates MFIs’ willingness to support a higher number of poorer consumers while financial efficiency indicates how long financial services can be offered to the poor by institutions. The success of these organizations is very critical for the continuity of funding support for donor agencies and the government. Using data envelopment analysis (DEA) techniques this paper calculates the efficiency of Indian NGO–MFIs. The research also uses Tobit regression to estimate the factors of the efficiency of MFIs. The data is taken from the Microfinance Information Exchange for the period 2009 to 2015. Results indicate that NGO–MFIs are financially more efficient than social ones. Regression findings show that the critical variable for the financial and social efficiency of NGO–MFIs is operational self-sufficiency (OSS). Very few empirical studies are available in the Indian context that discuss the efficiency of Indian NGO–MFIs. The present paper provides standards for performance measures of NGO–MFIs operating in India to assist in improving the performance and growth of microfinance firms.

Role of Microfinance Institutions in Development of India

2018 ◽  
pp. 138-155
Author(s):  
Amir Manzoor
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

The role and contribution of microfinance institutions (MFIs) is very important in development. Microfinance is a very important source of financial services for people and microenterprises that do not have easy access to banking and related services. The objective of this chapter is to assess empirically the impact of MFIs on development of India. This study aims to fill a gap in econometric assessments of microfinance institutions. Using data of MFIs operating in India and using savings of client as proxy for development, this chapter found empirical evidence for significant positive impact of microfinance institutions on development. While development in rural regions generally lags behind urban areas, this chapter found no statistical evidence for differences in the marginal impact of microfinance institutions subject to geographical positions. It can therefore be concluded that impact of MFIs on development in rural areas is positive and independent of environment.

scholarly journals Corporate Social Responsibility, Trade Credit and Financial Crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Asif Saeed ◽  
Qasim Zureigat
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Using Data

Socially responsible firms receive more finance and have been well researched in the corporate finance literature. In this paper, we examine the relationship between CSR and trade credit. Using data from the US manufacturing industry, we find that CSR has a significant positive association with the buyer and supplier sides of trade credit. During the 2008–2009 financial crisis, the manufacturing industry trade badly fell. We also argue and find evidence that, during crisis, CSR is negatively associated with trade credit. These findings are robust for alternate proxies of CSR and trade credit, sample selection, and time period. Moreover, the potential endogeneity concerns do not affect our results. Finally, we show that this relationship exists for both domestic and multinational firms’ subsamples. Overall, our results indicate that firms with high social performance use more trade credit to increase their business activity.

scholarly journals The Technical Efficiency of Smallholder Irish Potato Producers in Santa Subdivision, Cameroon

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khan Claudette Mengui ◽  
Saera Oh ◽  
Sang Hyeon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Irish Potato ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Efficiency Data

Irish potato is one of the major staple food and cash crops in Cameroon. Several studies have been conducted on the agronomic aspect of the crop, but very little is known on the technical efficiency of potato producers in the country. This study examines the technical efficiency of smallholder Irish potato producers in the Santa subdivision and the determinants of technical efficiency. Data were collected through surveys of Irish potato producers, and analyses were conducted using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Tobit model. The research findings imply that, in order to reduce the level of technical inefficiencies among smallholder Irish potato producers, appropriate training should be provided to farmers in order to improve their agronomic knowledge with respect to potato production. In addition, emphasis should be placed on policies and programs that promote extension services in order to improve the performance of Irish potato producers in the Santa subdivision. Again, more credit institutions, such as microfinance institutions, should be established by the government in order to help farmers access enough credit for potato production.

scholarly journals EKSISTENSI LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT KABUPATEN BENGKALIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Mujiono Mujiono
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Poor Household ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Microfinance Institution ◽  
The Government

Abstract: The existence of microfinance institutions in rural areas plays strategic roles to boost the community socioeconomic development. Microfinance Institution of Rural Economic Enterprises- Savings and Loans (LKM UED-SP) of Bengkalis Regency, until 2016, has been able to develop both cumulative and current year loans volume. The development has also occurred on the poor household loans which continuously increasing every year. The numbers of debtors according to genders have shown a positive development. The average of male debtors were 28,283 people with the ratio average of 66.20% , female debtors were 14, 517 people with the ratio average of 33.80%. In addition, 538 of the debtors were from poor families with the ratio average of 1.28%. Among the business sectors, the debtors including several sectors such as trading, agriculture, plantation, fishery, animal husbandry, small industries and services: with the highest sectors nominated by plantation of 51.96%, trading of 30.77% and service sector of 6.28% - while the other sectors were below 5%. The government capital ratio was in average of 93.72% and from the current year profit of 6.28%. The number of female staff developed in average of 204 people each year. The development on productive business loans was in average of 57.72% and poor household loans of about 32.79%. The staff’s productivity was about 105 people per staff with the  average  loan  volume  of  Rp.  1.344.881.683,-.  The  average  of  staff’s incentive reached Rp. 1.173.720.029,- with the ratio of Rp. 2.558.789,- per staff. Keywords: Micro Finance and Social Performance

Migration and US agricultural competitiveness

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Farm Workers ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Guest Workers ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Lower Wage ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

Agriculture has one of the highest shares of foreign-born and unauthorized workers among US industries; over three-fourths of hired farm workers were born abroad, usually in Mexico, and over half of all farm workers are unauthorized. Farm employers are among the few to openly acknowledge their dependence on migrant and unauthorized workers, and they oppose efforts to reduce unauthorized migration unless the government legalizes currently illegal farm workers or provides easy access to legal guest workers. The effects of migrants on agricultural competitiveness are mixed. On the one hand, wages held down by migrants keep labour-intensive commodities competitive in the short run, but the fact that most labour-intensive commodities are shipped long distances means that long-run US competitiveness may be eroded as US farmers have fewer incentives to develop labour-saving and productivity-improving methods of farming and production in lower-wage countries expands.

Motivations and attitudes toward domestic tourism in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Mourad Mansour ◽  
Alhassan G Mumuni
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Domestic Environment ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
Tourism Information ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Tourism Organization ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

AbstractBeginning with the establishment of a Supreme Commission for Tourism and Antiquities’ (SCTA) in 2000, there have been official attempts by the government of Saudi Arabia to encourage domestic tourism in order to tap into the huge amounts that Saudis spend annually on vacations. This paper examines the motivations and attitudes of consumers toward tourism destinations and activities within the country (domestic tourism). Using data collected through a structured self-administered questionnaire, the study finds that familiarity and trust of the local environment, perceptions of the safer domestic environment, and limitations imposed by respondents’ vacation timing are the primary motives for choosing to spend their vacations locally, while lack of quality domestic tourist sites and services (including entertainment facilities), lack of tourism information, insufficient tourism organization services, and the harsh local environmental conditions during summer are factors that ‘push’ people from spending the vacations locally. Attitudes toward domestic tourism are generally negative, although there are significant differences in attitudes between respondents who prefer domestic destinations and those who prefer to travel out of Kingdom. Implications of the findings are outlined and discussed.

IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA K-Modes UNTUK MENENTUKAN STRATEGI MARKETING STMIK BUDI DARMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewin Karman Nduru ◽  
Efori Buulolo ◽  
Pristiwanto Pristiwanto
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Process Data ◽  
School Students ◽  
The North ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
North Sumatra

Universities or institutions that operate in North Sumatra are very many, therefore, of course, competition in accepting new students is very tight, universities or institutions do certain ways or steps to be able to compete with other campuses in gaining interest from community or high school students who will continue their studies to a higher level. STMIK BUDI DARMA Medan (College of Information and Computer Management), is the first computer high school in Medan which was established on March 1, 1996 and received approval from the government through the Minister of Education and Culture, on July 23, 1996 with operating license number 48 / D / O / 1996, in promoting the campus, the team usually formed a promotion team to various regions in the North Sumatra Region to provide information to the community. Students who have learned in this campus are quite a lot who come from various regions in North Sumatra, from this point the need to process data from students who are active in college to be processed using data mining to achieve a target, one method that can be used in data mining, namely the ¬K-Modes clustering (grouping) algorithm. This method is a grouping of student data that will be a help to campus students in promoting, using the K-Modes algorithm is expected to help and become a reference for marketing in determining the marketing strategy STMIK Budi Darma MedanKeywords: STMIK Budi Darma, Marketing Strategy, K-Modes Algorithm.

Analysis of Impacts Malaysia's Territorial Limitation (Lockdown) Policy on Indonesia-Malaysia Border Area, Sanggau District

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-156
Author(s):  
Ira Patriani
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Border Area ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Virus Spreading ◽  
Kinship Ties ◽  
Collection Methods

Border areas, is one of affected area on COVID_19 this present. Many of people cn not go out as usually, adding almost each country has to implement their territorial limitation (lockdown policy) to minimalize this virus spreading. One of Malaysia State, where very close and get direct border with Indonesia. This research took place at Sanggau District, Entikong, Gun Tembawang Village.The research approach used is qualitative, using data collection methods in the form of interviews, observations, and documentation supported by interviews with the theoretical approach to the negative and positive aspects on policy implementation. Research results, The results stated that the lockdown activities of Malaysia which were affected by the corona virus outbreak needed to be carried out in an effort to minimize the spread of the virus outbreak. Although of course it has a negative impact on the country's economic structure, social issues and other sector. In implementing this lockdown, there is a need for cooperation between the government and the community as well as an agreement with neighboring countries in terms of the mobility of residents closest to each other's territory on exemptions in order to realize social welfare and public health without limiting the origin of the state, religion, community and profession. Especially in border areas where mobility and kinship ties have always been closer than in other regions. Keywords: Border area, lockdown policy, covid_19

CEO and CFO Equity Incentives and the Pricing of Audit Services

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Anthony Billings ◽  
Xinghua Gao ◽  
Yonghong Jia
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Audit Fees ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Audit Risk ◽  
Pricing Decisions ◽  
Equity Incentives ◽  
Accounting Scandals ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Distinctive Role

SUMMARY: The alleged perverse role of managerial incentives in accounting scandals, and the distinctive role of auditors in identifying and intervening in attempted earnings manipulation, highlight the importance of explicitly considering executive incentive plans by auditors in the auditing process. By empirically testing auditors' responses to CEO/CFO equity incentives in planning and pricing decisions using data from 2002 through 2009, we document compelling evidence that CFO equity incentives are positively associated with audit fees and CEO equity incentives are not statistically related to audit fees, suggesting that auditors perceive heightened audit risk associated with CFO equity incentives. Our further analyses reveal that the positive association between CFO equity incentives and audit fees is more pronounced in firms with weak internal controls, indicating heightened risk associated with CFO equity incentives in this setting perceived by auditors. JEL Classifications: G30, G34, M42, M52.

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