scholarly journals The Evolution of the Urban Residential Space Structure and Driving Forces in the Megacity—A Case Study of Shenyang City

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1081
Author(s):  
He Sun ◽  
Xueming Li ◽  
Yingying Guan ◽  
Shenzhen Tian ◽  
He Liu
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Zonal Distribution ◽  
Shenyang City ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Space Expansion ◽  
Residential Space

For megacities, they are in a period of transformation from extensive development to smart growth. Recognizing new characteristics and new changes of the residential space in megacities under the backdrop of new development has great practical significance for realizing the sustainable development of the city. As the only megacity in Northeast China, Shenyang was selected to be the research object, with 1989–2018 as the research period. The research comprehensively used multiple spatial representation methods and statistical methods to study the residential space pattern and driving factors in Shenyang City. The results showed that: (1) Residential space expansion can be divided into four stages: slow development, rapid expansion, speedy expansion, and stable extension. (2) The residential space structure presented a spatial evolution characteristic of overall expansion, forming multiple secondary core density centers. The east-west direction had a larger extension range than the northeast-southwest direction. There was an axisymmetric zonal distribution on both sides of the Hun River. (3) The agglomeration of different residential forms was obvious, and the spatial heterogeneity was increasingly stronger. (4) Urban planning measures and economic strength were the main driving forces of residential space expansion.

EFFICIENT COST MANAGEMENT AS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR OF INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE ECONOMIC SUBJECT

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Interactive Approach

The research is actual, has a theoretical and applied nature. Theoretical developments at cost management branch of economic organization were illustrated by practical examples. In the work the follow methods are used: abstract-logical, methods of induction and deduction, system and situate approaches, methods of comparative analysis, analysis of breakeven, monographic analysis. The follow sources of information were used: literature, the results of the experimental investigations, carried out in Verkh-nevolzhsky Federal Agrarian Research Centre, observations, carried out at an agricultural organization. Theoretical structural model of cost management was created in a functional way, relationship between elements were designated in it, as well as driving forces of its realization were determined. Such terms as “cost management ” and «management accounting» were specified. The paradigm of a relation to cost process was described. Approaches to realization of cost management system of organization on the basis offlexibility principle were developed. The most important of them are: application of applied programs packages and special program means for computer, organization of feedback, account of functional relationship of cost with production results, cost accounting on elements, places of origin, carriers and centers of responsibility, as well as interactive approach. Some examples which show possibilities of using some instruments of cost management and management accounting for generation of management solutions were described. These instruments are: analysis and planning on the basis of standards of constant and variable costs and flexible cost management in interrelations to other subsystems in management system of organization (in this case it is with technology management. The work is of theoretical and practical significance.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Evolution and the Driving Forces of the Coupling Coordination Degree between Urbanization and Urban Residents’ Livelihood Level in Mongolia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Cui ◽  
Honghong Liu ◽  
Ye Xiao ◽  
Nana Cui ◽  
Jingjing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Secondary Industry ◽  
Coordination Degree

Rapid expansion in Mongolia has resulted in an inequality in livelihood, growing air pollution, and unevenly distributed social goods, which implies that the urbanization of Mongolia is experiencing a chronic imbalance. Using 21 Aimags and 1 capital in Mongolia as the research object, this paper provides a detailed assessment of the coupling coordination degree (CCD) to analyze the coupling and coordination relationship between urbanization and urban residents’ livelihood level. The results suggest that there is a serious imbalance in the coordination of urban development and urban residents’ livelihood among the Aimags of Mongolia. The high CCD values were mainly concentrated in the central regions of Mongolia, while the low values were clustered in the western and eastern areas. The spatial Durbin model was employed to analyze the driving forces of the CCD, and the results imply that the secondary industry share and the number of registered enterprises play significant roles in promoting coordination between urbanization and urban residents’ livelihood level. Here, we present an overview of how our analysis can provide useful insights for policymakers and decision makers.

scholarly journals Universal Codons with Enrichment from GC to AU Nucleotide Composition Reveal a Chronological Assignment from Early to Late Along with LUCA Formation

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastas Gospodinov ◽  
Dimiter Kunnev
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Genetic Code ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Nucleotide Composition ◽  
Zonal Distribution ◽  
Trna Synthetases ◽  
Universal Common Ancestor ◽  
Complete Set

The emergence of a primitive genetic code should be considered the most essential event during the origin of life. Almost a complete set of codons (as we know them) should have been established relatively early during the evolution of the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) from which all known organisms descended. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain the driving forces and chronology of the evolution of the genetic code; however, none is commonly accepted. In the current paper, we explore the features of the genetic code that, in our view, reflect the mechanism and the chronological order of the origin of the genetic code. Our hypothesis postulates that the primordial RNA was mostly GC-rich, and this bias was reflected in the order of amino acid codon assignment. If we arrange the codons and their corresponding amino acids from GC-rich to AU-rich, we find that: 1. The amino acids encoded by GC-rich codons (Ala, Gly, Arg, and Pro) are those that contribute the most to the interactions with RNA (if incorporated into short peptides). 2. This order correlates with the addition of novel functions necessary for the evolution from simple to longer folded peptides. 3. The overlay of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS) to the amino acid order produces a distinctive zonal distribution for class I and class II suggesting an interdependent origin. These correlations could be explained by the active role of the bridge peptide (BP), which we proposed earlier in the evolution of the genetic code.

Assessment of the competitiveness of the procurement activities of Moscow organizations

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Arthur Viktorovich Lazarev ◽  
Anastasia Romanovna Lazareva ◽  
N.A. Prodanova
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Free Competition ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Market Situation

The article presents an analysis and assessment of the competitiveness of the procurement activities of Moscow organizations. The chosen topic is one of the most relevant topics, according to the authors of the work, since competition is one of the driving forces of the economy and procurement procedures in particular, and the analysis of this driving force is necessary to increase the efficiency of using budget funds. As a result of assessing the competitiveness in the market for overhaul of apartment buildings, the authors came to the conclusion that free competition prevails on the market as a whole, which in general indicates a healthy situation in the market in particular, as well as that the market does not press on the use of incentives. and other measures of influence. The practical significance of the article lies in the fact that the results of the analysis can be used to amend legislation, as well as to make a decision on measures to influence the market situation.

scholarly journals Evolution of Green Space under Rapid Urban Expansion in Southeast Asian Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12024
Author(s):  
Amal Najihah Muhamad Nor ◽  
Hasifah Abdul Aziz ◽  
Siti Aisyah Nawawi ◽  
Rohazaini Muhammad Jamil ◽  
Muhamad Azahar Abas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
The Impact

Globally, rapid urban expansion has caused green spaces in urban areas to decline considerably. In this study, the rapid expansion of three Southeast Asia cities were considered, namely, Kuala Lumpur City, Malaysia; Jakarta, Indonesia; and Metro Manila, Philippines. This study evaluates the changes in spatial and temporal patterns of urban areas and green space structure in the three cities over the last two decades. Land use land cover (LULC) maps of the cities (1988/1989, 1999 and 2014) were developed based on 30-m resolution satellite images. The changes in the landscape and spatial structure were analysed using change detection, landscape metrics and statistical analysis. The percentage of green space in the three cities reduced in size from 45% to 20% with the rapid expansion of urban areas over the 25-year period. In Metro Manila and Jakarta, the proportion of green space converted to urban areas was higher in the initial 1989 to 1999 period than over the latter 1999 to 2014 period. Significant changes in green space structure were observed in Jakarta and Metro Manila. Green space gradually fragmented and became less connected and more unevenly distributed. These changes were not seen in Kuala Lumpur City. Overall, the impact of spatial structure of urban areas and population density on green space is higher in Jakarta and Metro Manila when this is compared to Kuala Lumpur. Thus, the results have the potential to clarify the relative contribution of green space structure especially for cities in Southeast Asia where only a few studies in urban areas have taken place.

scholarly journals The Value of Gotong-royong in the Mountainous Settlement of Kepuharjo Village at Pagerjurang Permanent Shelter in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-106
Author(s):  
Freddy Marihot Rotua Nainggolan ◽  
Tarcicius Yoyok Wahyu Subroto ◽  
Agam Marsoyo
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Value System ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Space Expansion ◽  
Residential Space ◽  
The Village

Providing housing for refugees due to disasters is a common problem in countries prone to natural disasters. The eruption of Mount Merapi in Yogyakarta in 2010 has displaced the people of Kepuharjo Village to a new settlement in Pagerjurang permanent shelter. However, the process of settling in a new settlement requires adjustments because the people of Kepuharjo Village have been living on the slopes of Mount Merapi for generations. This research is a qualitative research which aims to find a reflection of the space-occupancy value system that occurs in the village of Kepuharjo at the Pagerjurang permanent shelter. The results of observations and interviews with 29 units show that the description of the activities and arrangement of the residential space in the Pagerjurang permanent shelter. The results showed that the motivation for the development of residential spaces is closely related to kinship and socio-cultural values in the daily life of the occupants. The socio-cultural reflection on the residential space of the Kepuharjo community in the Pagerjurang permanent shelter is in line with the social principles of mutual-cooperation (gotong-royong). Gotong-royong is expressed in the strengthening of space, expansion of space, and agreement of space.

scholarly journals The spatiality and driving forces of population ageing in China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0243559
Author(s):  
Lianxia Wu ◽  
Zuyu Huang ◽  
Zehan Pan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Western China ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Driving Mechanism

Studying the spatial characteristics of China’s ageing and its influencing factors is of great practical significance because China has the largest elderly population in the world. Using 2000 and 2010 census data, this study explores the degree, pace, and pattern of population ageing and its driving mechanism using exploratory spatial data analysis and the geographically weighed regression model. Between 2000 and 2010, population ageing increased rapidly countrywide; yet, spatial differences between eastern and western China narrowed. The degree of provincial population ageing and its spatiality were determined by natural population growth, migration, and local economic development. Life expectancy and mortality were the primary long-term factors, and GDP per capita was the prime contributor in the early days of economic development; the migration rate was the dominant influence after 2010. China’s overall spatial differentiation of population ageing shifted from a north–south to an east–west division.

Dynamic Analysis of Space Structure Deployment with Transient Thermal Load

2012 ◽  
Vol 479-481 ◽  
pp. 803-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Wu ◽  
Zhi Hua Zhao ◽  
Ge Xue Ren
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Load ◽  
Multibody System ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Beam Element ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Dynamic Equations ◽  
Flexible Multibody System ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Flexible Multibody ◽  
Transient Thermal

Thermal load is non-ignorable in the design and analysis of high precision and reliable space deployable structures. A new approach based on flexible multibody system is presented in order to investigate the thermoelastic effect on the deployment of space structure. Dynamic equations of an Euler Bernoulli beam element with transient thermal load are derived in Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation. The temperature distribution in the beam section is assumed as linear, which is reasonable for slender beams. The resulting generalized thermoelastic forces can be decomposed into thermal axial force and thermal bending moments, which can cause tension/compression and bending of the beam respectively. The dynamic equations of the beam element are then assembled into a flexible multibody system. Deployment analysis of a space mechanism with transient thermal load is studied with the new approach. Simulation result shows that thermoelasticity could cause static deformation of the final configuration as well as affect the external driving forces.

scholarly journals Exploring the Variations of Redbed Badlands and Their Driving Forces in the Nanxiong Basin, Southern China: A Geographically Weighted Regression with Gridded Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Gusong Luo ◽  
Hua Peng ◽  
Shaoyun Zhang ◽  
Luobin Yan ◽  
Yuxiang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Water System ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
The Road ◽  
Distribution Form ◽  
Variation Characteristics ◽  
Influence Degree

At present, most of the international research cases on badlands are based on semiarid regions, while there are few studies on badlands in humid regions. Therefore, the research on badlands in humid regions has strong theoretical and practical significance. By taking the Nanxiong Basin, which is located in the humid regions of southern China as the research object, this paper analyzes the scale and spatial distribution variation characteristics of redbed badlands and builds a set of factors that influence redbed badlands to explore the driving forces influencing the variation of redbed badlands based on remote sensing images of the American KH-4A satellite from 1969 and a Landsat 8 image from 2017. The result shows that the scale of redbed badlands in the Nanxiong Basin had generally decreased from 1969 to 2017. The area of redbed badlands decreased from 1693.97 hm2 in 1969 to 127.4 hm2 in 2017, with a decrease of 92.48%. The spatial distribution of redbed badlands had gradually changed from the contiguous planar distribution form in 1969 to the dispersed island distribution form in 2017, forming four agglomerations. The influence degree of the driving forces for the scale variation of redbed badlands is in the order of lithology > road > aspect > residential locations > slope > water system > vegetation > garden plots. Among these driving forces, except vegetation and garden plots, which have a negative correlation with the variation of redbed badlands, other factors have a positive correlation. Lithology is positively correlated with the variation of redbed badlands and has the strongest influence on the redbed badlands of all the influencing factors. The road factor is second to the lithological factor; the more accessible an area is, the stronger the human influence will be and the more serious the damage to vegetation will be, which easily cause surface vegetation damage, induce land degradation, and form redbed badlands.

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