scholarly journals Influence of Artificial Turf Surface Stiffness on Athlete Performance

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
John Wannop ◽  
Shaylyn Kowalchuk ◽  
Michael Esposito ◽  
Darren Stefanyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Running Economy ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Surface Stiffness ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
Vertical Jumping ◽  
Athlete Performance

Properties of conventional playing surfaces have been investigated for many years and the stiffness of the surface has potential to influence athletic performance. However, despite the proliferation of different infilled artificial turfs with varying properties, the effect of surface stiffness of these types of surfaces on athlete performance remains unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to determine the influence of surface stiffness of artificial turf systems on athlete performance. Seventeen male athletes performed four movements (running, 5-10-5 agility, vertical jumping and sprinting) on five surfaces of varying stiffness: Softest (−50%), Softer (−34%), Soft (−16%), Control, Stiff (+17%). Performance metrics (running economy, jump height, sprint/agility time) and kinematic data were recorded during each movement and participants performed a subjective evaluation of the surface. When compared to the Control surface, performance was significantly improved during running (Softer, Soft), the agility drill (Softest) and vertical jumping (Soft). Subjectively, participants could not discern between any of the softer surfaces in terms of surface cushioning, however, the stiffer surface was rated as harder and less comfortable. Overall, changes in surface stiffness altered athletic performance and, to a lesser extent, subjective assessments of performance, with changes in performance being surface and movement specific.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE’ SOCIALIZATION ON THEIR PERCEPTION... OF HEALTHCARE SERVICES QUALITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-120
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Vetrova ◽  
Daria Vasianina ◽  
Ivan Mityushnikov
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Services Quality ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
Social And Economic Development

The state of the health care system is an important characteristic of the country’s social and economic development, but the results of surveys can not demonstrate an objective result. The respondents are influenced by a number of factors, including their level of socialization, in assessing healthcare services. In the article, we consider the hypothesis that communication with relatives and neighborhood significantly increases the relative pessimism of the subjective evaluation of healthcare services by the elderly. In order to reduce the incompatibility of subjective assessments of respondents, the anchoring vignette method is used.

A creep control for distributed rear wheel drive bus

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (14) ◽  
pp. 3302-3315
Author(s):  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Liangxin Yuan ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Peng Du ◽  
Xiaomin Lian
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Rear Wheel ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Driving Experience ◽  
Start Up

Creep control is a kind of start-up control for electric vehicle. In the paper, two closed-loop control is contained in the creep control strategy. Proportional control with torque limitation, which adjusts vehicle speed, is the outer-loop control; and anti-slip control is the inner-loop control. In this way, the vehicle speed indicates no overshoot and has uniform convergence with driving torque. Moreover, the vehicle can start up on low adhesion or split road, and the driver can control the creep speed by the brake pedal only, so that the driver’s operation is reduced. Subjective evaluation method is proposed to determine the control performance metrics, and then the mathematical relationship between the performance metrics and the control parameters is established. The tuning method of the control parameters is proposed according to those performance metrics, which mitigates the workloads of calibration and provides a better driving experience. Some simulations and real vehicle experiments are conducted to verify that the control strategy has an expected performance.

Influence of Window Views on the Subjective Evaluation of Discomfort Glare

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geun Young Yun ◽  
Ju Young Shin ◽  
Jeong Tai Kim
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Psychological Factor ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
Discomfort Glare ◽  
The Difference

A window is an indispensable element in a building and acts as a view-giving component that keeps occupants in touch with the outside. This study investigated the potential effect of different window views on the subjective assessment of discomfort glare from a simulated window that rendered blank, natural and man-made views from far to close distances. Forty-eight subjects (24 men, 24 women) participated in the experiments. The experimental results confirmed that the subjective evaluation of discomfort glare can vary with the type of window views presented. The results also indicated that there were noticeable variations in the subjective assessments of discomfort glare over the same visual stimuli. A preliminary criterion for classification of subjects’ sensitivity to glare was illustrated and the difference for the ‘‘glare-sensitive’’ and ‘‘glareinsensitive’’ people was statistically significant. This study found that the psychological factor such as window views could be an important factor in the subjective evaluation of discomfort glare. Widely used glare evaluation formulas such as unified glare rating and daylight glare index would not consider psychological factors. Thus, the finding from this study would contribute to a more realistic evaluation of discomfort glare for future design of glare control systems.

scholarly journals Determination of the tactical athlete level of a high-performance tennis team and subjective assessment of the coach

Motricidade ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Layla Maria Campos Aburachid ◽  
Breno Tavares Perdigão Mendes ◽  
Tatiane Mazzardo ◽  
Gabriella Nelli Monteiro ◽  
Nayanne Dias Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Gender Category ◽  
Tactical Knowledge ◽  
Age Category

The objective of the study was to evaluate the level of tactical knowledge of a high-performance tennis team, considering gender, age, category, and year in the category, years of practice and participation in competitions. There was also a subjective evaluation by two coaches on the level of athletic performance of their athletes, as well as that of the athletes themselves. In the sample, there were 37 athletes, 23 men and 14 women at ages between 11 and 18 years old (14.10 ± 1.90). In order to determine the level of athletic performance of the athletes, the test of declarative tactical knowledge (DTK) in tennis was used. The variables to differentiate the level of tactical performance were gender (female achieved better scores: p=0.004, F = 2.242), the category (better scores for 18 years old compared to 12 years old: p=0.007, F= 4.223) and the experience in state competitions (p = 0.042, F = 3.059). It was observed that 73% of the tennis teams had their level of tactical performance, via DTK, classified as good or very good. In the subjective evaluation, the coach underestimated the tactical level of 48.6% of his athletes, while 75.7% of the athletes overestimated their own knowledge. In this study, it was verified that factors like gender, category and experience in state competitions differentiated the level of tactical performance.  

Development of a feedback interface for in-situ soundscape evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. 2253-2258
Author(s):  
Furi Andi Karnapi ◽  
Bhan Lam ◽  
Trevor Wong ◽  
Kenneth Ooi ◽  
Zhen-Ting Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Microcontroller Unit ◽  
Intuitive Interface

Studies involving subjective evaluation require feedback from human participants to assess the performance of a system or an environment. A participant is typically presented with a set of metrics to be observed and they present their assessment accordingly. Investigator-led in-situ soundscape evaluation in ISO 12913-2 collects perceptual responses along with other acoustical and locale information. This is a labor intensive and time-consuming processes. To alleviate and complement investigator-led evaluations, a portable and compact feedback system with an e-ink display and capacitive buttons was designed, and is undergoing field tests to address the aforementioned requirements. The system employs a low-cost, low-power microcontroller unit (MCU) with necessary hardware interfaces to enable capacitive sensing. Capacitive buttons provide an intuitive interface and avoid the inherent wear and tear of mechanical buttons. This digitized feedback interface affords the flexibility to synchronize (wired or wirelessly) with a playback system to evaluate an augmented soundscape, and is suitable for both supervised and unsupervised subjective assessments.

scholarly journals Concussion and National Hockey League Player Performance: An Advanced Hockey Metrics Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Buckley ◽  
Kelsey N. Bryk ◽  
Kathryn L. Van Pelt ◽  
Steven P. Broglio ◽  
Stephen A. East ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
National Hockey League ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Seasonal Performance ◽  
Player Performance

Context Postconcussion deficits in neurocognitive performance and postural control may persist at the time of return to sport participation. How these deficits, if present, affect athletic performance is largely unknown, with prior studies showing mixed results. Objective To evaluate postconcussion National Hockey League player performance using advanced hockey metrics over short- (5 games), medium- (10 games), and long-term (remainder of the season) seasonal performance. Design Retrospective cohort study. Patients or Other Participants National Hockey League players who sustained a sport-related concussion (SRC; n = 93) and returned during the same season and players (n = 51) who missed time for non–injury-related reasons. Main Outcome Measure(s) Six performance metrics were used: (1) points per 60 minutes, (2) Corsi percentage, (3) personal Fenwick shooting percentage, (4) scoring chances per 60 minutes, (5) penalty difference, and (6) PDO (not an acronym but sometimes referred to as SVSP% [save percentage shooting percentage]). Performance was compared using 2 (group) × 2 (time) repeated-measures analyses of variance for 3 time windows: (1) ±5 games, (2) ±10 games, and (3) the remainder of the season postconcussion. Alpha values were set at a conservative .01 to account for the lack of independence among dependent variables. Results No significant interactions were present for any of the 6 dependent variables at any of the 3 time windows. Overall, none of the secondary variables differed. Conclusions Using advanced, sport-specific metrics, we found that National Hockey League players did not display worse seasonal performance during 3 postinjury time frames after they sustained an SRC. Whereas laboratory studies have identified lingering neurologic deficits after concussion, our results suggest that these deficits, if present, either do not translate to worse athletic performance or were not captured by these 44 metrics. Further, prospective efforts are needed to accurately quantify performance after SRC among professional hockey players.

Energetics and mechanics of human running on surfaces of different stiffnesses

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy E. Kerdok ◽  
Andrew A. Biewener ◽  
Thomas A. McMahon ◽  
Peter G. Weyand ◽  
Hugh M. Herr
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Force ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Running Economy ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Surface Stiffness ◽  
Leg Stiffness ◽  
Compliant Surfaces ◽  
Male Subjects

Mammals use the elastic components in their legs (principally tendons, ligaments, and muscles) to run economically, while maintaining consistent support mechanics across various surfaces. To examine how leg stiffness and metabolic cost are affected by changes in substrate stiffness, we built experimental platforms with adjustable stiffness to fit on a force-plate-fitted treadmill. Eight male subjects [mean body mass: 74.4 ± 7.1 (SD) kg; leg length: 0.96 ± 0.05 m] ran at 3.7 m/s over five different surface stiffnesses (75.4, 97.5, 216.8, 454.2, and 945.7 kN/m). Metabolic, ground-reaction force, and kinematic data were collected. The 12.5-fold decrease in surface stiffness resulted in a 12% decrease in the runner's metabolic rate and a 29% increase in their leg stiffness. The runner's support mechanics remained essentially unchanged. These results indicate that surface stiffness affects running economy without affecting running support mechanics. We postulate that an increased energy rebound from the compliant surfaces studied contributes to the enhanced running economy.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Subjectively Evaluated Giftedness of University Students with Different Statuses

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
S.O. Kursov
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Power Structure ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
The Status ◽  
Status Position

The article discusses the interconnection of subjective evaluation of giftedness with status position of university students in the study group. The paper presents a theoretical analysis of approaches to the study giftedness and proves necessity of the study of giftedness subjective assessments. The empirical study included 231 full-time students of the first, third and fifth year of Moscow higher education institute. The paper confirmed the hypothesis that student’s giftedness subjectively evaluated by his (her) classmates positively correlated with its position in the study group. To test the hypothesis we used sociometry, referentometry, methodological procedure to define the informal power structure in a group, as well as the author's questionnaire to identify giftedness subjective assessments. The paper analyzes the features of the giftedness subjective assessments of student by his (her) groupmates studying the engineering and natural science. Giftedness estimation in the groups of students studying engineering is more associated with the status position of students than in the groups studying natural science.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Levels of Greenery and Landscaping at Track and Field Sites, Anxiety, and Sports Performance of Collegiate Track and Field Athletes

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer DeWolfe ◽  
T.M. Waliczek ◽  
J.M. Zajicek
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Field Site ◽  
Somatic Anxiety ◽  
Grade Classification ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Performance Research ◽  
Athlete Performance

Researchers wonder what it takes to improve athlete performance. Research has suggested that plants reduce anxiety, and reduced anxiety could, in turn, improve athletic performance. Research also shows that plants have psychological and restorative value such as improving coping mechanisms in human subjects as well as the potential to improve concentration and focus attention that could affect performance of athletes. The main objective of this research was to investigate the impact of greenery/landscaping on athletic performance and cognitive and somatic anxiety in track and field athletes. Four university track and field teams and 128 athletes participated in the study. Individual athlete performance and athletes' scores on the competitive state anxiety inventory-2 (CSAI-2) cognitive and somatic anxiety tests were collected from seven track meets that occurred during one spring competition season. Greenness/landscaping level was determined by Likert scale rating averages from professional horticulturists who individually rated each site. A regression analysis found that greenness level was a predictor (P = 0.000) of best performance by athletes. More of the athletes' best performance marks were at the track and field site that had the highest greenery rating, and many of the athletes' worst performance marks were achieved at the site that had the lowest greenery rating. Results also indicated that all athletes performed better at the more vegetated track and field site regardless of event and level of anxiety. All athletes performed similarly at each of the track and field sites regardless of ethnicity, gender, or grade classification. However, the overall average mean anxiety scores for all the athletes involved in this study were somewhat high in comparison with the instrument-normed scores for both the cognitive and somatic anxiety scales.

scholarly journals Comparison of Subjective and Objective Assessments of Neurosensory Function after Lingual Nerve Repair

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukari Shintani ◽  
Takashi Nakanishi ◽  
Masamichi Ueda ◽  
Naoki Mizobata ◽  
Itaru Tojyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Lingual Nerve ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Mandibular third molar extractions are important in oral maxillofacial surgery. Damage to the lingual nerves, although rare, is a possible complication. There are reports of postoperative recovery after lingual nerve repair, but few reports have compared subjective and objective assessments of neurosensory function. Therefore, this study aims to compare subjective and objective assessments of neurosensory function after lingual nerve repair. Subjects and Methods: This retrospective cohort study comprised 52 patients with lingual nerve anesthesia after third molar extraction at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wakayama Medical University Hospital, Wakayama, Japan, between December 2008 and December 2015. We recorded pre- and postoperative (6 months and 12 months) neurosensory examinations. Results: Patient’s subjective assessments of neurosensory function suggested improvement between the preoperative period and 12 months postoperation, although this difference was not significant. Objective assessment based on examination and testing, on the other hand, showed a significant difference in improvement (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There was no evidence that improvement of subjective preoperative and postoperative assessments was significantly associated with improvement of objective neurosensory assessments after lingual nerve repair. Overall physical condition and background were thought to affect subjective evaluation. Subjective assessment is important in conjunction with objective evaluation because it may reveal dysesthesia that would otherwise be missed. In the future, we will examine those cases in whom subjective assessments showed no improvement although objective assessments showed improvement.

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