scholarly journals The Failure Mechanism of Composite Stiffener Components Reinforced with 3D Woven Fabrics

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaole Hu ◽  
Hafeezullah Memon ◽  
Yiping Qiu ◽  
Yi Wei
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Mode Analysis ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
3D Woven Fabrics

Composite industry has long been seeking practical solutions to boost laminate through-thickness strengths and interlaminar shear strengths (ILSS), so that composite primary structures, such as stiffeners, can bear higher complex loadings and be more delamination resistant. Three dimensional (3D) woven fabrics were normally employed to render higher transverse and shear strengths, but the difficulty and high expense in producing such fabrics make it a hard choice. Based on a novel idea that the warp yarns that interlock layers of the weft yarns might provide adequate fiber crimps that would allow the interlaminar shear or radial stresses to be transferred and borne by the fibers, rather than by the relatively weaker matrix resin, thus improving the transverse strengths, this work provided a two point five dimensional (2.5D) approach as a practical solution, and demonstrated the superior transverse performances of an economical 2.5D shallow-bend woven fabric (2.5DSBW) epoxy composites, over the conventional two dimensional (2D) laminates and the costly 3D counterpart composites. This approach also produced a potential candidate to fabricate high performance stiffeners, as shown by the test results of L-beams which are common structural components of any stiffeners. This study also discovered that an alternative structure, namely a 2.5D shallow-straight woven fabric (2.5DSSW), did not show any advantages over the two control structures, which were a 2D plain weave (2DPW) and a 3D orthogonal woven fabric (3DOW) made out of the same carbon fibers. Composites of these structures in this study were conveniently fabricated using a vacuum-assisted resin infusion process (VARI). The L-beams were tested using a custom-made test fixture. The strain distribution and failure mode analysis of these beams were conducted using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and X-ray Computed Tomography Scanning (CT). The results demonstrated that the structures containing Z-yarns or having high yarn crimps or waviness, such as in cases of 3DOW and 2.5DSBW, respectively, were shown to withstand high loadings and to resist delamination, favorable for the applications of high-performance structural composites.

Interplay of fabric structure and shear thickening fluid impregnation in moderating the impact response of high-performance woven fabrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (28) ◽  
pp. 4387-4395
Author(s):  
Sanchi Arora ◽  
Abhijit Majumdar ◽  
Bhupendra Singh Butola
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
The Impact

The beneficial effect of STF impregnation in enhancing the impact resistance of high-performance fabrics has been extensively reported in the literature. However, this research work reports that fabric structure has a decisive role in moderating the effectiveness of STF impregnation in terms of impact energy absorption. Plain woven fabrics having sett varying from 25 × 25 inch−1 to 55 × 55 inch−1 were impregnated with STF at two different padding pressures to obtain different add-ons. The impact energy absorption by STF impregnated loosely woven fabrics was found to be higher than that of their neat counterparts for both levels of add-on, while opposite trend was observed in case of tightly woven fabrics. Further, comparison of tightly woven plain, 2/2 twill, 3/1 twill and 2 × 2 matt fabrics revealed beneficial effect of STF impregnation, except for the plain woven fabric, establishing that there exists a fabric structure-STF impregnation interplay that tunes the impact resistance of woven fabrics.

Effect of weave structure on the slicing cut resistance of woven fabrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 1477-1494
Author(s):  
Magdi El Messiry ◽  
Shaimaa El-Tarfawy
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Yarn Count ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Cutting Processes

Cutting processes using blades have found applications in many industries; for example, in garments, fiber–polymer composites, and high-performance fabric forming. In recent decades, the process of cutting the material using a robotic-controlled blade has raised concern about the value of the pressure and the cut force required for a certain type of woven fabric and the estimation of its value before the pressing and cutting process. A simple theoretical relation was established based on the fabric structure and yarn shear stress. The model formulation and experimental results to describe the basic theory of blade cutting fracture for woven fabric of different designs was derived. In this work, the experimental investigation of the effect of the fabric specifications, normal load, and the cutting speed on the cutting force was carried out, which indicates that the value of the specific cutting resistance of the fabric was found to be highly correlated with the fabric structure, warp and weft yarn count, Young’s modulus of the fabric, and fractional cover factors ratio ζ.

Research on the Ballistic Performance of UD Cloth/3D Fabric Composite Target

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 1341-1344
Author(s):  
Hong Wei Yang ◽  
Heng Gao ◽  
Jian Hua Du ◽  
Shen Li Xu
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Composite Target ◽  
Fabric Composite ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Better Than ◽  
3D Woven Fabrics

The ballistic performance of UD cloth/3D fabric composite targets made of UD cloth and 3D fabric and UD cloth targets made of UD cloth were tested. The deformation of UD cloth is larger than that of 3D woven fabrics after shot and the ballistic performance of 3D woven fabric is weaker than that of UD cloth, but its structural performance and performance of resistance to multiple shoot is better than UD cloth's.

Weaving 3D Fabric with a “中” Shaped Cross-Section

2011 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 202-205
Author(s):  
Yu Tao Chang ◽  
Xiao Ming Qian ◽  
Hai Wen Liu ◽  
Hua Wu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Reinforcing Material ◽  
Shaped Cross Section ◽  
Made In ◽  
3D Woven Fabrics

3D woven fabric significantly improves the mechanical properties, especially the strength resulting from the between layers connections of yarns Hence, 3D woven fabrics have been widely used as reinforcing material in prefabricated composites, A particular 3D woven fabric with “中” shaped cross section was developed in this study .The fabric was made in a plane loom weaving machine. The designing procedure and processing methods are given in details.

The Tensile Strength of Neat and Coated Woven Fabrics

2011 ◽  
Vol 480-481 ◽  
pp. 448-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Flexible Composites ◽  
Design And Manufacture

Flexible composites with high performance are widely used in geotextiles and some other fields. In this research work, the author studied the tensile behaviors of four neat woven fabrics and two coated woven fabrics. The comparison of the tensile strength between the uncoated and coated woven fabric revealed the effect of coating on the tensile strength of flexible composites which will be beneficial for the design and manufacture of flexible composite with high quality.

Design and Manufacture of 3D Flat Woven Fabric

2013 ◽  
Vol 333-335 ◽  
pp. 2115-2118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Juan Yan ◽  
Li Hua Lv ◽  
Chun Yan Wei ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Yong Zhu Cui
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Structural Composite ◽  
Superior Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Design And Manufacture ◽  
Application Prospects ◽  
3D Woven Fabrics

In the ordinary loom, the 3D woven fabrics like the orthogonal/connected stitching structure, angle Alliance/interlocked stitching structure by the reasonable transformation, weaving diagram and looming draft, have been woven in this paper. Using ordinary loom weaving fabrics, it would not only save the cost of production, but also has good controllability of woven fabrics. Good structural design and integrity of the 3D woven fabrics, own tight fabric structure, superior mechanical properties, low price, and broad application prospects. The results shows that this design would give a basis for further study on the development perform of 3D textile structural composite materials.

scholarly journals Evolution of 3D weaving and 3D woven fabric structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasith Sanura Perera ◽  
Rajapaksha Mudiyanselage Himal Wido Muwanwella ◽  
Philip Roshan Fernando ◽  
Sandun Keerthichandra Fernando ◽  
Thantirige Sanath Siroshana Jayawardana
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Delamination Resistance ◽  
High Performance Fiber ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fabric Structures

Abstract3D fabric preforms are used as reinforcements in composite applications. 3D woven preforms have a huge demand in ballistic applications, aircraft industry, automobiles and structural reinforcements. A variety of 3D woven fabric reinforced composites and two dimensional woven fabric reinforced laminates can be found in the literature. However, the majority of the said products lack in delamination resistance and possess poor out-of-plane mechanical characteristics, due to the absence or insufficiency of through-thickness reinforcement. 3D fully interlaced preform weaving introduces a method of producing fully interlaced 3D woven fabric structures with through-thickness reinforcement, which enhances the delamination resistance as well as out-of-plane mechanical characteristics. 3D woven fabric preforms made from 3D fully interlaced preform weaving, using high-performance fiber yarns such as Dyneema, Carbon, Kevlar and Zylon, have exceptional mechanical properties with light-weight characteristics, which make them suitable candidates for high-end technical composite applications. In this work, a brief introduction is given to the history of weaving followed by an introduction to 3D woven fabrics. In the existing literature, an emphasis is given to the 3D fully interlaced preform weaving process, distinguishing it from other 3D woven fabric manufacturing methods. Subsequently, a comprehensive review is made on the existing literature on 3D fully interlaced preform weaving devices, such as primary and secondary mechanisms as well as modelling of 3D woven fabric structures produced by 3D fully interlaced preform weaving. Finally, the authors attempted to discuss the existing research gaps with potential directions for future research.

scholarly journals Investigation of 3D Woven Fabric Topography Using Laser-Scanning

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1(127)) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Frydrych ◽  
Łukasz Frącczak
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
3D Woven Fabrics

Among the different features of fabrics, surface properties play an important role, especially in the case of fabrics used near human skin. The effect of fabric on human skin in direct contact influences the sensorial comfort of clothing usage. The appropriate designing of woven fabrics from the point of view of their stiffness and surface properties can create new possibilities for their application. Particularly 3-dimensional woven fabrics of small-scale evenly distributed three-dimensionality can be applied in therapeutic clothing ensuring micro-massage. At the moment there is a lack of methods enabling the assessment of 3D woven fabrics with a textured surface from the point of view of the geometric structure of the surface. The paper presents preliminary investigations of the surface topography of 3D woven fabrics by means of a laser-scanner for precise 3D measurements.

New Class of Trimetallic Oxide Hierarchical Mesoporous Array on Woven Fabric: Electrode for high-Performance and Stable battery type Ultracapacitor

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 102249
Author(s):  
S. Thakur ◽  
S. Maiti ◽  
K. Sardar ◽  
N. Besra ◽  
P. Bairi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
New Class

scholarly journals Use of Extended Cover Factor Theory in UV Protection of Woven Fabric

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1188
Author(s):  
Klara Kostajnšek ◽  
Krste Dimitrovski
Keyword(s):  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Uv Protection ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Light Penetration ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Cover Factor ◽  
Coefficient Of Reflection ◽  
Uv Protective Properties

The paper presents an extension of existed cover factor theory more suitable for the evaluation of light penetration through a net woven fabrics structure. It also introduces a new simplified model of predicting the ultraviolet (UV) protective properties of woven fabrics assuming that the coefficient of reflection (KR), transmission (KT), and absorption (KA) of constitutive yarns are known. Since usually they are not, the procedure of preparation of simulation of proper woven fabric samples without interlacing and with known constructional parameters is also presented. The procedure finishes with a fast and cheap detection of missed coefficient for any type of yarns. There are differences between theoretical and measured results, which are not particularly significant in regard to the purpose and demands of investigation.

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