Trends of Stomach Cancer in Central Serbia

Somach cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The objective of the paper was to analyze the incidence and mortality trends of stomach cancer in Central Serbia in the period between 1999–2017. Materials and Methods: trends and annual percentage change (APC) of the incidence and mortality rate with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by joinpoint regression analyses. The optimal number of Joinpoints was identified using the Monte Carlo permutation method. The trend was considered to be significantly increasing (positive change) or decreasing (negative change) when the p-value was below 0.05 (p < 0.05). Results: the total number of new cases was 16,914 (10,873 males and 6041 females) and the total number of mortality cases was 14,790 (9348 in and 5442 in females). Almost one third (30.8%) of new cases were registered in the 60–69-year age group, and new cases were significantly more frequent in males than in females (30.8% vs. 29.02%, p < 0.001). Joinpoint regression analysis showed a significant decrease of incidence trend in females during the 2000–2015 period with APC of −2.13% (95% CI: −3.8 to −0.5, p < 0.001). An insignificant decrease in incidence trend was in males with APC of −0.72% (95% CI: −2.3 to 0.9, p = 0.30). According to the joinpoint analysis, a significant decrease of mortality trends both in males during 2000–2015 with APC of −2.21% (95% CI: −1.6 to −7.5, p ≤ 0.001 and in females, during the same period, with APC of −1.75% (95% CI: −2.9 to −0.6, p < 0.001) was registered. From 2015 to 2017, a significant increase of mortality was registered with APC of 44.5% (95% CI: from 24.2 to −68.1, p ≤ 0.001) in females and in males with APC of 53.15% (95% CI: 13.5 to −106.6, p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: a significant decrease of stomach cancer incidence trend in females and insignificant decrease of incidence trend in males were determined in Central Serbia. Based on presented results, the mortality trend decreased significantly both in males and in females during 2000–2015, and from 2015 to 2017 we recorded a significant increase in mortality in both sexes. We found significantly more new cases in women than in men in the age group of 40–49, and the mortality of stomach cancer was significantly more frequent among females compared to males in the age groups 30–39, as well as in the 50–59 age group. There is a need for improving recording and registration of new cases of stomach cancer, especially in females. Urgent primary and secondary preventive measures are needed—introducing stomach cancer screening and early detection of premalignant changes. Urgent primary and secondary preventive measures are needed.

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Trends in the Incidence and Mortality of Diabetes in China from 1990 to 2017: A Joinpoint and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16010158 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 158 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Xiaoxue Liu ◽

Chuanhua Yu ◽

Yongbo Wang ◽

Yongyi Bi ◽

Yu Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Analysis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cohort Effect ◽

Period Effect ◽

Age Group ◽

Joinpoint Regression ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Joinpoint Regression Analysis ◽

Younger Age ◽

Incidence And Mortality

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing in China, but the secular trends in incidence and mortality remain unknown. This study aims to examine time trends from 1990 to 2017 and the net age, period, and cohort effects on diabetes incidence and mortality. Methods: Incidence and mortality rates of diabetes (1990–2017) were collected for each 5-year age group (from 5–9 to 80–84 age group) stratified by gender from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study. The average annual percentage changes in incidence and mortality were analyzed by joinpoint regression analysis; the net age, period, and cohort effects on the incidence and mortality were estimated by age-period-cohort analysis. Results: The joinpoint regression analysis showed that age-standardized incidence significantly rose by 0.92% (95% CI: 0.6%, 1.3%) in men and 0.69% in women (95% CI: 0.3%, 1.0%) from 1990 to 2017; age-standardized mortality rates rose by 0.78% (95% CI: 0.6%, 1.0%) in men and decreased by 0.12% (95% CI: −0.4%, 0.1%) in women. For age-specific rates, incidence increased in most age groups, with exception of 30–34, 60–64, 65–69 and 70–74 age groups in men and 25–29, 30–34, 35–39 and 70–74 age groups in women; mortality in men decreased in the younger age groups (from 20–24 to 45–49 age group) while increased in the older age groups (from 50–54 to 80–84 age group), and mortality in women decreased for all age groups with exception of the age group 75–79 and 80–84. The age effect on incidence showed no obvious changes with advancing age while mortality significantly increased with advancing age; period effect showed that both incidence and mortality increased with advancing time period while the period trend on incidence began to decrease since 2007; cohort effect on incidence and mortality decreased from earlier birth cohorts to more recent birth cohorts while incidence showed no material changes from 1982–1986 to 2012–2016 birth cohort. Conclusions: Mortality decreased in younger age groups but increased in older age groups. Incidence increased in most age groups. The net age or period effect showed an unfavorable trend while the net cohort effect presented a favorable trend. Aging likely drives a continued increase in the mortality of diabetes. Timely population-level interventions aiming for obesity prevention, healthy diet and regular physical activity should be conducted, especially for men and earlier birth cohorts at high risk of diabetes.

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Descriptive-epidemiological characteristics of lung cancer in Serbia

Medicinski pregled ◽

10.2298/mpns0802016m ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 61 (1-2) ◽

pp. 16-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Natasa Maksimovic ◽

Kyriakos Spanopoulos

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Direct Method ◽

Age Groups ◽

Malignant Tumour ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Malignant Tumours ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The Republic ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics

Introduction. Lung cancer represents the most common malignant tumour among men, and appears more and more frequently among women in many countries worldwide. The aims of this descriptive epidemiological study were to evaluate the mortality trends of all malignant tumours and lung cancer in Central Serbia from 1990 to 1999, and to estimate the incidence, mortality and the basic demographic characteristics of lung cancer in Central Serbia in 1999. Material and methods. The source of data concerning cancer cases in 1999 was the Cancer Registry of Central Serbia, while data of the Republic Statistics Institute were used for the analysis of mortality trends for the period 1990-1999. All rates were standardized by the direct method, to the world standard population. Confidence intervals for mortality rates were assessed with 95% level of probability. Linear regression coefficient was determined by Fisher's test. Results. The mortality rates showed rising tendencies for both lung cancer (y=-1876.26+0.96x, p=0.028 for men; y=654.78U).33x, p-0.001 for women) and all malignant tumours (y=-4139.88+2.15x, p=0.163 for men; y=3649.68 + 1.88x, p=0.016 for women), with statistically significant increase being observed for all trends, except all malignant tumours among men. In the year 1999, lung cancer ranked first among men and third among women, with 29.2% and 10.3% of cancer mortality respectively. The age-specific mortality rates were much higher in men in all age groups. Mortality increased with age and the highest rates were found in the age group 70-74 for both sexes. The highest incidence and mortality rates were reported in Belgrade, Moravicki and Sumadijski district. .

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Colorectal Cancer in Young and Older Adults in Uruguay: Changes in Recent Incidence and Mortality Trends

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18158232 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (15) ◽

pp. 8232

Author(s):

Carina Musetti ◽

Mariela Garau ◽

Rafael Alonso ◽

Marion Piñeros ◽

Isabelle Soerjomataram ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Age Groups ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Screening Programs ◽

Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Colorectal Cancer Incidence

Uruguay has the highest colorectal cancer incidence rates in Latin America. Previous studies reported a stable incidence and a slight increase in mortality among males. We aimed to assess colorectal cancer incidence (2002–2017) and mortality trends (1990–2017) by age groups and sex, using data from the National Cancer Registry. Annual percent changes (APCs) were estimated using joinpoint regression models. We included 27,561 colorectal cancer cases and 25,403 deaths. We found an increasing incidence among both males and females aged 40–49, with annual increases of 3.1% (95%CI: 1.21–5.03) and 2.1% (95%CI: 0.49–3.66), respectively, and an increasein the rate in older males (70+) of 0.60% (95%CI: 0.02–1.20) per year between 2002 and 2017. Mortality remained stable among those younger than 50, whereas it decreased for older females aged 50–69 and 70+ (APC: −0.61% (−1.07–0.14) and −0.68% (−1.02–0.34), respectively), and increased for the oldest males (70+; APC: 0.74 (0.47–1.01)). In conclusion, we found rising colorectal cancer incidence accompanied by stable mortality in young adults. Sex disparities were also found among the older adults, with a more favorable pattern for females. Exposures to dietary and lifestyle risk factors, and inequalities in access to and awareness of screening programs, are probably among the main underlying causes and deserve further investigation.

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Healthy aging profile in octogenarians in Brazil

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/1518-8345.0694.2724 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 24 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ana Cristina Viana Campos ◽

Efigênia Ferreira e Ferreira ◽

Andréa Maria Duarte Vargas ◽

Lúcia Hisako Takase Gonçalves

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Decision Tree ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

Age Groups ◽

Population Based ◽

P Value ◽

Age Group ◽

Monthly Income ◽

Tree Model ◽

Socioeconomic Characteristics

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the healthy aging profile in octogenarians in Brazil. Method: this population-based epidemiological study was conducted using household interviews of 335 octogenarians in a Brazilian municipality. The decision-tree model was used to assess the healthy aging profile in relation to the socioeconomic characteristics evaluated at baseline. All of the tests used a p-value < 0.05. Results: the majority of the 335 participating older adults were women (62.1%), were aged between 80 and 84 years (50.4%), were widowed (53.4%), were illiterate (59.1%), had a monthly income of less than one minimum wage (59.1%), were retired (85.7%), lived with their spouse (63.8%), did not have a caregiver (60.3%), had two or more children (82.7%), and had two or more grandchildren (78.8%). The results indicate three age groups with a healthier aging profile: older adults aged 80 to 84 years (55.6%), older adults aged 85 years and older who are married (64.9%), and older adults aged 85 and older who do not have a partner or a caregiver (54.2%). Conclusion: the healthy aging profile of octogenarians can be explained by age group, marital status, and the presence of a caregiver.

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Risk Factors Associated with Ischemic Heart Diseases in Different Age Groups Patients of Tertiary Care Hospitals of Peshawar

Journal of Gandhara Medical and Dental Science ◽

10.37762/jgmds.1-2.64 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 3-9

Author(s):

Riaz Gul ◽

Sumaira Naz

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

Ischemic Heart ◽

P Value ◽

Age Group ◽

Ischemic Heart Diseases ◽

Sedentary Life ◽

Tertiary Care Hospitals

Objectives:To determine different risk factors associated with ischemic heart diseases in different age group patients of tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar.Methodology:A cross sectional study conducted on 350 patients of different age groups presented with ischemic heart diseases in tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar. Study was conducted for duration of 3 months from December 2013 to February 2014. Non probability convenient sampling technique was used. Sample size was calculated using standard sample size calculator. Semi structured questionnaire was used as data collection tool. Patient’s record and investigations were used as adding tools. Standard definition was made for ischemic heart disease. Different modifiable and non-modifiable factors were assessed and were analyzed using SPSS version 16.Results:This study contains 350 patients in which female patients were 133(38%) and male were 217(62%).The mean age was 57.23±11.36 years. The age of the patients ranges from 22 to 80 years. The frequencies of risk factors were stress (73.1%) followed by hypertension (65.7%), sedentary life style (59.4%), family history (57.1%), smoking (50.6%), over weight and obese (39.1%), below normal HDL (30.3%), high LDL (29.1%), hypertriglyceridemia (28%), hypercholesterolemia (23.7%). 64.3% patients were presenting with acute IHD and 35.7% were with chronic IHD. Stress, HTN, DM and sedentary life style were found to be significantly associated with male gender (p- value <0.05). Age was divided into two groups, <45 years and >45 years. Stress, HTN, DM and hypercholesterolemia had a significant association with >45 years of age group. (P-value <0.05).Conclusion:Stress, HTN, DM, sedentary life styles were the major risk factors. And they were found to be more in male gender and in equal to more than 45 years of age group.

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Factors Affecting The Survival Trend In Carcinoma Stomach- A Hospital Based Study

TAJ Journal of Teachers Association ◽

10.3329/taj.v27i2.38989 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 44-49

Author(s):

MK Sarker ◽

MM Sarker ◽

NA Parveen ◽

PM Basak ◽

ASMA Raihan

Keyword(s):

Stomach Cancer ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Palliative Treatment ◽

Age Groups ◽

Curative Treatment ◽

Age Group ◽

Gastrointestinal Malignancy ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Insidious Onset ◽

Carcinoma Stomach

Stomach cancer is a gastrointestinal malignancy with insidious onset and poor prognosis. The disease predominantly affects the older age groups with pick incidence between 60 to 70 years of age. The total number of stomach cancer patients available for the study within the stipulated time was 105. Among them 69.52% patients were male and 30.48% patients were female. 0.95% patient belonged to age group <20, 11.43% belonged to age group 21-30, 09.52% belonged to age group 31-40, 23.81% belonged to age group 41-50, 28.57% belonged to age group 51-60, 20.0% belonged to age group 61-70 and 05.72% patients were >70 years of age. Mean age was 54.91 years ± 13.42 SD. In our study, 45.6% survived <3 months, 15.8% 4–6 months, 07.0% 7–9 months, 14.0% 10–12 months, 10.6% 13–24 months and 07.0% >24 months. Among 57 expired patients, 14 got curative treatment and rest of 43 got palliative treatment. Those who got curative treatment, 36.4% survived 10–12 months, 45.5% 13–24 months and 18.1% > 24 months. Those who got palliative treatment 51.5% survived <3 months, 24.2% 4–6 months, 12.1% 7–9 months, 09.1% 10–12 months and 03.1% 13–24 months. Overall median survival was 06 months, for curative treatment 16 months and for palliative treatment 03 months.TAJ 2014; 27(2): 44-49

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Pedestrian Mortality Trends In Children Over Four Decades In Transitional Lithuania

Sveikatos mokslai ◽

10.5200/sm-hs.2016.065 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 13-19

Author(s):

Birutė Strukčinskienė ◽

Robert Bauer ◽

Sigitas Griškonis ◽

Vaiva Strukčinskaitė

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Young People ◽

Road Safety ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Age Groups ◽

Age Group ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Road Users ◽

The Impact

The aim of the study was to examine the long-term trends in pedestrian mortality for children (aged 0 to 14 years) and young people (aged 15 to 19 years) over four decades in transitional Lithuania. Methods. Road traffic fatality data were obtained from Statistics Lithuania and the Archives of Health Information Centre. Trends were analysed by linear regression using “Independence” as a slopechanging intervention in 1991 and population as a further explanatory factor in structural time series models. Results. The impact of the interventions, along with the reforms and changes related with the Independence, on pedestrian fatality trends in our time series model was found highly statistically significant for children 0 to 14 years (p<0.001) and still significant for young people 15 to 19 years (p<0.05). No significant impact on the trend of road traffic deaths was found for the “control-groups” of non-pedestrian road users in the age group 0 to 14 years and adult pedestrians (over 19 years of age). For the age group 15 to 19 years the effect of reforms was also significant for non-pedestrians (p<0.05). These results indicate that the effect of measures and changes used in the post-independence period was more specific in children that participated in road traffic as pedestrians than in adult pedestrians, or in nonpedestrian road users. Conclusions. Pedestrian deaths in Lithuania fell significantly in the age groups 0-14 and 15-19 years. A declining trend was found in road traffic fatalities and in pedestrian deaths in transitional Lithuania in the post-independence period. Socioeconomic and political transformations, systematic reforms in healthcare along with sustainable preventive measures may have contributed to this decrease. Targeted road safety measures were road traffic regulations, pedestrian education and environmentally based prevention measures. As child pedestrians are the most vulnerable group of road users, continued road safety education and promotion are recommended in order to maintain this trend, and to involve adult pedestrians in this development.

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Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality Trends by Sex and Population Group in South Africa: 2002-2014.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-79442/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lactatia Matsie Motsuku ◽

Wenlong Carl Chen ◽

Mazvita Molleen Muchengeti ◽

Tamlyn Mac Quene ◽

Patricia Kellett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

South Africa ◽

Black Males ◽

Population Group ◽

Black Population ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

P Value ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Population Groups ◽

Incidence And Mortality

Abstract BackgroundSouth Africa (SA) has experienced a rapid transition in the Human Development Index (HDI) over the past decade, which had an effect on the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to provide CRC incidence and mortality trends by population group and sex in SA from 2002 to 2014.MethodsIncidence data were extracted from the South African National Cancer Registry and mortality data obtained from Statistics South Africa (STATS SA), for the period 2002 to 2014. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASIR) and age-standardised mortality rates (ASMR) were calculated using the STATS SA mid-year population as the denominator and the Segi world standard population data for standardisation. A Joinpoint regression analysis was computed for the CRC ASIR and ASMR by population group and sex.ResultsA total of 33,232 incident CRC cases and 26,836 CRC deaths were reported during the study period. Of the CRC cases reported, 54% were males and 46% were females, and among deaths reported, 47% were males and 53% were females. Overall, there was a 2.5% annual average percentage change (AAPC) increase in ASIR from 2002 to 2014 (95% CI: 0.6- 4.5, p-value <0.001). For ASMR overall, there was 1.3% increase from 2002 to 2014 (95% CI: 0.1- 2.6, p-value <0.001). The ASIR and ASMR among population groups were stable, with the exception of the Black population group. The ASIR increased consistently at 4.3% for black males (95% CI: 1.9- 6.7, p-value <0.001) and 3.4% for black females (95% CI: 1.5- 5.3, p-value <0.001) from 2002 to 2014, respectively. Similarly, ASMR for black males and females increased by 4.2% (95% CI: 2.0- 6.5, p-value <0.001) and 3.4% (, 95%CI: 2.0- 4.8, p-value <0.01) from 2002 to 2014, respectively.ConclusionsThe disparities in the CRC incidence and mortality trends may reflect socioeconomic inequalities across different population groups in SA. The rapid increase in CRC trends among the Black population group is concerning and requires further investigation and increased efforts for cancer prevention, early screening and diagnosis, as well as better access to cancer treatment.

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Oral Health of Individuals with Cleft Lip, Cleft Palate, or Both

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/02-058 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 59-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Elizabeth Maria Bastos Lages ◽

Badeia Marcos ◽

Isabela Almeida Pordeus

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

General Population ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Age Groups ◽

Gingival Recession ◽

Age Group ◽

Visual Examination ◽

Probing Depth

Objective To evaluate the oral health of children with cleft lip and palate. Design DMFT (dmft) and DMFS (dmfs) were calculated on the basis of visual examination. Periodontal disease was assessed by classical clinical parameters: volume gain, bleeding, probing depth, loss of insertion, gingival recession. and calculus. Patients Seventy-eight individuals aged 1 to 32 years took part in the study. Results The dmft was 2.91 (± 3.99) in the 1- to 5-year-old age group and 2.77 (± 3.15) in the 6- to 12-year-old group. The DMFT averages for the age groups of 6 to 12 years, 13 to 18 years, and 19 to 32 years were 1.87 (± 1.78), 6.46 (± 3.11), and 13.62 (± 6.51), respectively. A total of 5.3% of individuals presented a healthy periodontium, and 86.6% presented with gingivitis and 8% presented with periodontitis. Conclusions The dental and periodontal condition of individuals with cleft lip and palate was similar to the general population in the region in which this study was conducted. Good preventive measures should result in improved oral health similar to the general population and should be emphasized.

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Assessing trends of breast cancer and carcinoma in situ to monitor screening policies in developing settings

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-50504-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Érika de Abreu Costa Brito ◽

Marcela Sampaio Lima ◽

Hianga Fayssa Fernandes Siqueira ◽

Adriane Dórea Marques ◽

Alex Rodrigues Moura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Population Level ◽

Joinpoint Regression ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Screening Strategies ◽

Developing Settings

Abstract There have been arguments about the role of breast cancer screening at the population level, and some points of controversy have arisen, such the establishment of organized screening policies and the age at which to begin screening. The real benefit of screening has been questioned because the results of this practice may increase the diagnosis of indolent lesions without decreasing mortality due to breast cancer. The authors have proposed a study of incidence and mortality trends for breast cancer in a developing setting in Brazil to monitor the effectiveness of the official recommendations that prioritize the age group from 50 to 69 years. The database of the Cancer Registry and the Mortality Information System was used to calculate age-standardized and age-specific rates, which were then used to calculate incidence and mortality trends using the Joinpoint Regression Program. The results showed stability in trends across all ages and age-specific groups in both incidence and mortality. In conclusion, we found that incidence and mortality rates are compatible with those in regions with similar human development indexes, and trends have demonstrated stabilization. Thus, we do not endorse changes in the official recommendations to conduct screening for ages other than 50 to 69 years, nor should policy makers implement organized screening strategies.

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