scholarly journals Seroprevalence Study of Anti-HEV IgG among Different Adult Populations in Corsica, France, 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Capai ◽  
Masse ◽  
Gallian ◽  
Souty ◽  
Isnard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. In France, hyperendemic areas including Corsica have an anti-HEV Immunoglobulin G (IgG) prevalence higher than 50%. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgG in three adult populations in Corsica and the risk factors associated with antibody detection. Between 2017 and 2019, a total of 930 individuals, including 467 blood donors, 393 students or university staff members and 70 patients from general practice, were tested for the presence of anti-HEV IgG using the Wantai HEV IgG enzyme immunoassay kit and filled a questionnaire. The association between seropositivity and potential risk factors was tested with univariate and multivariate analyses. Out of the 930 samples, 52.3% (486/930) were seropositive—54.4% (254/467) among blood donors, 47.6% (187/393) among university students and 64.3% (45/70) among patients of general practice. Three main risk factors were identified: (i) skinning and butchering (Adjusted Odds Ratio aOR = 2.76, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] [1.51–5.37]; p-value < 10−3), (ii) consumption of a local pork live raw sausage (fittonu) (aOR = 1.95 95% CI [1.45–2.64]; p-value = 10−5), and (iii) increasing age (p-value = 0.003). Seropositivity rates between the different populations were homogeneous after age stratification. This cross-sectional study indicates a high anti-HEV IgG seroprevalence in the Corsican adult population, not significantly different between women and men and increasing with age. This serosurvey also showed homogeneity regarding the exposure to HEV among three different types of populations. Finally, we confirmed the endemicity of Corsica with respect to HEV and identified a strong association between consumption of figatellu/fittonu and the practice of skinning and butchering with the detection of anti-HEV IgG.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus in risk populations and blood donors in a referral hospital in the south of Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Boff Costa ◽  
Michele Soares Gomes Gouvêa ◽  
Samira Chuffi ◽  
Gustavo Hirata Dellavia ◽  
Felipe Ornel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Populations At Risk

AbstractThe prevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies has a high heterogeneity worldwide. South American data are still scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HEV in populations at risk in comparison to blood donors (BD). A cross-sectional study was carried out in adults of different risk populations including crack users (CK), residents in a low income area (LIA), cirrhotic (CIR) and liver transplant patients (LT) compared with BD. The WANTAI HEV ELISA test was used and real-time PCR (in-house for screening and ALTONA as confirmatory test) for HEV RNA screening. A total of 400 participants were included. Anti-HEV IgG was positive in 19.5% of the total sample, reaching the highest rate in the CIR group, 22.5%, followed by CK, LT, and LIA (20%, 18.7%, and 17.5%, respectively). The prevalence found in BD individuals was of 18.7% (p = NS). Anti-HEV IgM was positive in only 1.5% of the sample (6/400). No blood or stools samples were positive for HEV RNA. The seroprevalence reported is among the highest rates ever found in Brazil. Considering the intense diagnostic investigation, data show that HEV circulation is more common that might be expected in our country.

scholarly journals Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Risk Factors among adult Population in Bisha Province, Southwest of Saudi Arabia

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah M. Al-Shahrani ◽  
Mohammed A. Al-Saleem ◽  
Mohamed O’haj ◽  
Faleh Th. Mohammed ◽  
Mutasim E. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of diabetes mellitus (DM) among the adult population in Bisha province, Saudi Arabia.METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted during December, 2015 using the World Health Organization STEPS wise approach for data collection. Blood glucose level and anthropometric measurements of blood pressure, height, weight, and waist circumference were performed per standard methods.  Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the prevalence and risk of diabetes.RESULTS: Of 542 adult individuals included in the study, 13.3% (72) had diabetes, of which 8.1% were previously diagnosed and 5.2% represented new cases. The proportions of DM were 14.7% for men and 10.8% for women. Diabetes was significantly higher among married compared to unmarried individuals (19.3% vs 5.5 %; p<0.001) and among individuals aged ≥40 years old compared to those <40 years (31.3% vs 9.3%; p<0.001). The risk of diabetes was significantly increased with older age (Odds Ratio=4.470; 95% CI 2.264-7.614), married individuals (OR=4.097; 95% CI 2.188-7.672), weight/obesity (OR=2.827; 95% CI 1.567-5.072), hypertension (OR=4.383; 95% CI 2.085-9.214) and having a job (OR=2.327; 95% CI 1.347-4.02). The independent risk factors predicted diabetes were hypertension (Adjusted OR=2.897; 95% CI 1.269-66.13) and job patterns (Adjusted OR=2.793; 95% CI 1.064-7.329).CONCLUSION: Different risk factors alarming diabetes among adult population in Bisha province were detected.  Strategies aimed to improving a healthy lifestyle are necessary to reduce the burden of the disease. 

scholarly journals Cardiovascular determinants of renal dysfunction among children and adolescents in South West Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
A.A. Akinbodewa ◽  
O.A. Adejumo ◽  
A. Ogunleye ◽  
T.T. Oluwafemi ◽  
O.A. Lamidi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: New evidences reveal significant association of cardiovascular risk factors to development of chronic kidney disease among children and adolescents but there is paucity of data from Africa. Objectives: We examined the association of cardiovascular risk factors to renal dysfunction among Nigerian pediatric subjects. Materials and method: This was a prospective, cross-sectional study of pediatrics aged 2 to 17 years. Blood pressure, body mass index, serum lipids and creatinine were determined. Their glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the revised Schwartz equation. Data was analyzed with SPSS 20. Test of association was by Chi square at P <0.05. Results: We studied 114 children and adolescents. There were 55 (48.2%) males and 59 (51.8%) females with mean age of 8.99±4.26 years. There were 68 (53.5%) children and 53 adolescents (46.5%). Four (3.5%) subjects had proteinuria ≥1+. Renal dysfunction (eGFR <60ml/ min/1.73m2) was found among 9 (7.9%) participants. Renal dysfunction was higher among children than adolescents (13.1% v 1.9%) (p = 0.027). The presence and clustering of risk factors were higher among subjects with renal dysfunction (p value 0.466, 95% CI 0.19-28.3). Low HDL-c (44.4%), prehypertension(22.2%) and overweight (22.2%) were the most prevalent risk factors among those with renal dysfunction. Only age demonstrated relationship to renal dysfunction in terms of mean difference (p value 0.007, 95% CI, 1.125-6.818). Conclusions: The prevalence and clustering of cardiovascular risk factors is higher among children with renal dysfunction. Age showed association  to renal dysfunction. Dyslipidemia and high body mass have propensity to influence the development of pediatric CKD. Keywords: Cardiovascular risk factors, renal dysfunction, association, pediatrics, Nigeria, Africa.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Trichinella spiralis Infection in Blood Donors from Western Romania

Medicina ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Radu Pavel ◽  
Sorin Ursoniu ◽  
Ana Alexandra Paduraru ◽  
Rodica Lighezan ◽  
Maria Alina Lupu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Trichinella Infection ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Western Romania

Background and Objectives: Trichinellosis, a serious and sometimes fatal human disease, is a foodborne zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution caused by parasitic nematodes of the genus Trichinella. Humans are infected with Trichinella larvae through the ingestion of meat that has not been properly cooked. Romania reported most of the confirmed cases of trichinellosis among the EU countries. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate, for the first time, the seroprevalence and risk factors of Trichinella infection in blood donors from Western Romania. Materials and Methods: Serum samples of 1347 consecutive blood donors were investigated using an immunoenzymaticassay (ELISA) for the determination of specific IgG class antibodies against T.spiralis. A questionnaire interview was used to obtain information regarding the potential risk factors associated with T. spiralis infection. Mantel–Haenszel chi-squared test or the Fisher exact two-tailed test, as appropriate, were used for comparison between T. spiralis positive and T. spiralis negative blood donors. Student’s t-test was used to evaluate differences between means in studied groups and body mass index was calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by height in meters squared. Statistical analysis was performed using Epi Info Version 7.2 and Stata 16.1. Results: T. spiralis IgG antibodies were detected in 2.00% (27) of 1347 consecutive blood donors. Eating raw and/or undercooked meat, from pigs or wild boars, was found to be the main risk factor (p < 0.001). Strong alcoholic drink consumption was highly associated with T. spiralis infection (p = 0.009). Trichinella seroprevalence was higher among rural residents and males. Subjects identified as Trichinella seropositive were not previously diagnosed and have not been treated for Trichinella infection with any specific therapy. Conclusions: The demonstration of T. spiralis antibodies in healthy blood donors suggests that Trichinella infection may be detected in asymptomatic individuals that were not previously diagnosed with this zoonosis.

scholarly journals Detecting chronic kidney disease in diabetic adults by estimating glomerular filtration rate and Serum Creatinine

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Kh. Mohammed Almaawi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Qualitative Variables

Objective: To assess CKD prevalence and risk factors including socio-demography among diabetics by estimating GFR rather than serum creatinine (sCr). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dec. 15 2019 through Aug. 15 2020, among 800 diabetics attending tertiary diabetes centers, Baghdad. Data was collected by self-administered questionnaire. SPSS was used for data analysis by (mean, standard deviation and T-test) for quantitative variables and (frequency, percentage, Chi-square test and Kappa index) for qualitative variables. P-Value less than 0.05 was considered significant.  Results: 800 diabetics for last 5-40 years, 95.6% with type2. Aged 52.1±13.2 years, with male: female ratio 1.03:1, 63.6% were with no income, sCr level was 0.86±0.3 mg/dl, and eGFR by Cockcroft Gault (CG) and CKD-EPI equations was 100.4±36.5 & 92.2±25.5 ml/min/1.73m2 respectively. CKD prevalence based on sCr, and eGFR assessed by above equations was 13.3%, 20% and 15.9% respectively (p<0.001). Those with CKD were hypertensive, females, and living in peripheries. Conclusions: Diabetic patients, mainly those with risk factors are more likely to develop CKD. It is better to detect CKD intially by estimating the GFR, rather than serum creatinine level alone. Furthermore, using CKD-EPI equation might be better than the CG formula to estimate the GFR.

scholarly journals Pattern analysis of S. haematobium infection and elimination in the area of Alsuki, Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1059
Author(s):  
Rawia A. Abdelshafie ◽  
Abdalla I. Abdalla Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The People ◽  
The Impact

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the current conditions of children of the selected area, for the purpose of measuring the new effective health program for schistosomiasis disease eliminations and obtain the prevalence intensity and risk factors of S. haematobium among school children in the study area.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was used to screen school going children of all the ages from five randomly selected schools from Alsuki region. A statistical analysis derived from data formulated based on 1062 samples aged between 6 and 15 years attending the selected schools during the period testing within 6 months were enrolled.Results: The impact of health awareness program was measured usefully and the responded factor for reducing the Schistosomiasis diseases was significantly became less than (0.05). Therefore, the actual qualified fitting degree and applicability was significantly becoming (p value=0.001).Conclusions: This research concluded that the prediction of Schistosomiasis diseases due to the risk Ratio of the collected data for those who did not attended awareness over the people who attended program became (0.248).

scholarly journals Circulation of Toscana Virus in a Sample Population of Corsica, France

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Shirley Masse ◽  
Nazli Ayhan ◽  
Lisandru Capai ◽  
Rémi Charrel ◽  
Alessandra Falchi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Toscana Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants

Sandfly-borne phleboviruses pathogenic to humans, such as Toscana virus (TOSV) and sandfly fever Sicilian virus (SFSV), are endemic in the Mediterranean region. In France, several autochthonous cases of TOSV infection have been described which cause either meningitis or encephalitis. The aim of the present study was to estimate the seroprevalence of TOSV and SFSV antibodies in a healthy population from Corsica. In this cross-sectional study, participants were enrolled from the medical staff at University of Corsica Pasquale Paoli (UCPP) and from general practitioners of the Corsican Sentinelles Network. The seroprevalence study was based on virus microneutralization (MN). A total of 240 patients were tested for TOSV and SFSV. Altogether, 54 serum samples were confirmed for TOSV infection (seroprevalence = 22.5%). None of the samples were positive for SFSV (0/240). The main place of residence was significantly associated with TOSV seropositivity (p-value = 0.005). The overall rate of TOSV antibody seroprevalence observed in our study suggests a more intense circulation of TOSV in Corsica, with a rate significantly higher than the 8.7% reported in Corsica in 2007 from blood donors. The absence of seropositivity to SFSV seems to confirm the low circulation of this virus in Corsica and in continental France. The increasing circulation of TOSV reported here should encourage the implementation of surveillance systems to control phlebovirus infection.

scholarly journals Patterns of multiple lifestyle risk factors and their link to mental health in the German adult population: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e022184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefine Atzendorf ◽  
Christian Apfelbacher ◽  
Elena Gomes de Matos ◽  
Ludwig Kraus ◽  
Daniela Piontek
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
German Adult

ObjectivesLifestyle risk factors, such as drinking or unhealthy diet, can expotentiate detrimental health effects. Therefore, it is important to investigate multiple lifestyle risk factors instead of single ones. The study aims at: (1) identifying patterns of lifestyle risk factors within the adult general population in Germany and (2) examining associations between the extracted patterns and external factors.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingGeneral German adult population (aged 18–64 years).ParticipantsParticipants of the 2015 Epidemiological Survey of Substance Abuse (n=9204).Primary outcome measuresLifestyle risk factors (daily smoking, at-risk alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, low physical activity, weekly use of pharmaceuticals, as well as consumption of cannabis and other illicit drugs).ResultsA latent class analysis was applied to identify patterns of lifestyle risk factors, and a multinomial logistic regression was carried out to examine associations between the extracted classes and external factors. A total of four classes were extracted which can be described as healthy lifestyle (58.5%), drinking lifestyle (24.4%), smoking lifestyle (15.4%) and a cumulate risk factors lifestyle (1.7%). Individuals who were male, at younger age and single as well as individuals with various mental health problems were more likely to show multiple lifestyle risk factors.ConclusionsHealthcare professionals should be aware of correlations between different lifestyle risk factors as well as between lifestyle risk groups and mental health. Health promotion strategies should further focus especially on younger and single men.

scholarly journals Arterial hypertension in the elderly accompanied in primary care: profile and associated factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Breno de Sousa Santana ◽  
Bárbara Soares Rodrigues ◽  
Marina Morato Stival ◽  
Cris Renata Grou Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Hypertensive

Abstract Objective: to analyze blood pressure control in elderly hypertensives accompanied by a Basic Health Unit of the Federal District, determining the sociodemographic profile and the associated risk factors. Method: this is a cross-sectional study with 133 elderly hypertensive patients. Variables related to sociodemographic factors, life habits, clinical factors and adherence to drug therapy were evaluated through the application of semistructured instruments and validated scales. Results with p <0.05 were considered significant. Results: the elderly presented controlled blood pressure (56.4%) predominantly. The majority of the participants were female and women also had a higher rate of uncontrolled blood pressure (86.2%). Older age was associated with higher blood pressure values (p = 0.031). Alcoholism (p = 0.020) and mean body mass index of 33.0 (p <0.000) were factors associated with hypertension adherence to therapy had more controlled values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion and implications for the practice: it was verified that there is a strong association between the risk factors discussed and the lack of control of the blood pressure of elderly hypertensive, especially with regard to advanced age, alcoholism, obesity and overweight, and it is necessary to reorient the planning and strategies of promotion of health and prevention of diseases directed at the elderly hypertensive in the scope of primary health care.

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