scholarly journals Metabolaid® Combination of Lemon Verbena and Hibiscus Flower Extract Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity through AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Activation

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Sil Lee ◽  
Won-Kyung Yang ◽  
Hwa Kim ◽  
Bokkee Min ◽  
Nuria Caturla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Lippia Citriodora ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Lemon Verbena

Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) has been used as a food spice, cosmetic, and in traditional medicine formulations to treat asthma and diabetes in South America and Southern Europe. Hibiscus flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is used in traditional Chinese medicine in the form of a tea to treat hypertension and inflammation. In the present study, we examined the synergistic effects of a formula of Metabolaid® (MetA), a combination of lemon verbena and hibiscus-flower extracts, on obesity and its complications in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. The results showed that MetA decreased body weight, white adipose tissue (WAT), and liver weight. Additionally, serum and hepatic lipid profiles, glucose levels, glucose tolerance, and cold-induced thermogenesis were significantly improved. Appetite-regulating hormones adiponectin and leptin were significantly increased and decreased, respectively, while the inflammatory-related factors tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 were downregulated by MetA. Adipogenesis-activating gene expression was decreased, while increased thermogenesis-inducing genes were upregulated in the WAT, correlating with increased phosphorylation of AMPK and fatty-acid oxidation in the liver. Taken together, these results suggest that MetA decreased obesity and its complications in HFD mice. Therefore, this formula may be a candidate for the prevention and treatment of obesity and its complications.

Effects of Maternal Flaxseed Supplementation on Female Offspring of Diabetic Rats in Serum Concentration of Glucose, Insulin, and Thyroid Hormones

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Akemi Suzuki ◽  
André Manoel Correia-Santos ◽  
Gabriela Câmara Vicente ◽  
Luiz Guillermo Coca Velarde ◽  
Gilson Teles Boaventura
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Flaxseed Flour ◽  
Maternal Consumption

Abstract. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal consumption of flaxseed flour and oil on serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, and thyroid hormones of the adult female offspring of diabetic rats. Methods: Wistar rats were induced to diabetes by a high-fat diet (60%) and streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Rats were mated and once pregnancy was confirmed, were divided into the following groups: Control Group (CG): casein-based diet; High-fat Group (HG): high-fat diet (49%); High-fat Flaxseed Group (HFG): high-fat diet supplemented with 25% flaxseed flour; High-fat Flaxseed Oil group (HOG): high-fat diet, where soya oil was replaced with flaxseed oil. After weaning, female pups (n = 6) from each group were separated, received a commercial rat diet and were sacrificed after 180 days. Serum insulin concentrations were determined by ELISA, the levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined by chemiluminescence. Results: There was a significant reduction in body weight at weaning in HG (−31%), HFG (−33%) and HOG (44%) compared to CG (p = 0.002), which became similar by the end of 180 days. Blood glucose levels were reduced in HFG (−10%, p = 0.044) when compared to CG, and there was no significant difference between groups in relation to insulin, T3, T4, and TSH after 180 days. Conclusions: Maternal severe hyperglycemia during pregnancy and lactation resulted in a microsomal offspring. Maternal consumption of flaxseed reduces blood glucose levels in adult offspring without significant effects on insulin levels and thyroid hormones.

A new model of synergistic effects of alcohol and high-fat diet on hepatic injury

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Gäbele ◽  
K Dostert ◽  
C Dorn ◽  
C Hellerbrand
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
New Model

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Polyphenol Enriched Complex Plants Extract on Metabolic Dysfunctions Associated with Obesity and Related Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases in High Fat Diet-Induced C57BL/6 Mice

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Ahtesham Hussain ◽  
Jin Sook Cho ◽  
Jong-Seok Kim ◽  
Young Ik Lee
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Herbal Formulation ◽  
Plants Extract

Background: Currently, obesity is a global health challenge due to its increasing prevalence and associated health risk. It is associated with various metabolic diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, certain forms of cancer, and non-alcoholic liver diseases (NAFLD). Objective: The aim of this study to evaluate the effects of polyphenol enriched herbal complex (Rubus crataegifolius/ellagic acid, Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge/vitexin, chlorogenic acid, Cinnamomum cassiaa/cinnamic acid) on obesity and obesity induced NAFLD in the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model. Methods: Obesity was induced in male C57BL/6 mice using HFD. After 8 weeks, the mice were treated with HFD+ plants extract for 8 weeks. Body weight, food intake weekly, and blood sugar level were measured. After sacrifice, changes in the treated group’s liver weight, fat weight, serum biochemical parameters, hormone levels, and enzyme levels were measured. For histological analysis, tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Oil Red-O. Results: Our results showed that the herbal complex ameliorated body weight and liver weight gain, and decreased total body fat in HFD-fed animals. Post prandial blood glucose (PBG) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were lower in the herbal complex-treated group than in the HFD control group. Additionally, herbal formulation treatment significantly increased HDL levels in serum and decreased TC, TG, AST, ALT, deposition of fat droplets in the liver, and intima media thickness (IMT) in the aorta. Herbal complex increased serum adiponectin and decreased serum leptin. Herbal complex also increased carnitine palmityl transferase (CPT) activity and significantly decreased enzyme activity of beta-hydroxy beta methyl glutamyl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, and fatty acid synthase (FAS). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that the herbal complex is an effective herbal formulation in the attenuation of obesity and obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction including NAFLD in HFD-induced mouse model.

scholarly journals Delayed Exercise Training Improves Obesity-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease by Activating AMPK Pathway in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 350
Author(s):  
Florian Juszczak ◽  
Maud Vlassembrouck ◽  
Olivia Botton ◽  
Thomas Zwakhals ◽  
Morgane Decarnoncle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Ampk Pathway

Exercise training is now recognized as an interesting therapeutic strategy in managing obesity and its related disorders. However, there is still a lack of knowledge about its impact on obesity-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we investigated the effects of a delayed protocol of endurance exercise training (EET) as well as the underlying mechanism in obese mice presenting CKD. Mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or a low-fat diet (LFD) for 12 weeks were subsequently submitted to an 8-weeks EET protocol. Delayed treatment with EET in obese mice prevented body weight gain associated with a reduced calorie intake. EET intervention counteracted obesity-related disorders including glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hepatic steatosis. Moreover, our data demonstrated for the first time the beneficial effects of EET on obesity-induced CKD as evidenced by an improvement of obesity-related glomerulopathy, tubulo-interstitial fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress. EET also prevented renal lipid depositions in the proximal tubule. These results were associated with an improvement of the AMPK pathway by EET in renal tissue. AMPK-mediated phosphorylation of ACC and ULK-1 were particularly enhanced leading to increased fatty acid oxidation and autophagy improvement with EET in obese mice.

The effects of the aqueous extract and residue of Matcha on the antioxidant status and lipid and glucose levels in mice fed a high-fat diet

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Xu ◽  
Le Ying ◽  
Gaojie Hong ◽  
Yuefei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glucose Levels

Matcha is a kind of powdered green tea produced by grinding with a stone mill.

scholarly journals Antihyperglycemic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of StandardizedCurcuma xanthorrhizaRoxb. Extract and Its Active Compound Xanthorrhizol in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi-Bo Kim ◽  
Changhee Kim ◽  
Youngwoo Song ◽  
Jae-Kwan Hwang
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Xanthorrhizol, a natural compound isolated fromCurcuma xanthorrhizaRoxb. (Java turmeric), has been reported to possess antioxidant and anticancer properties; however, its effects on metabolic disorders remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of xanthorrhizol (XAN) andC. xanthorrhizaextract (CXE) with standardized XAN on hyperglycemia and inflammatory markers in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese mice. Treatment with XAN (10 or 25 mg/kg/day) or CXE (50 or 100 mg/kg/day) significantly decreased fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels in HFD-induced obese mice. XAN and CXE treatments also lowered insulin, glucose, free fatty acid (FFA), and triglyceride (TG) levels in serum. Epididymal fat pad and adipocyte size were decreased by high doses of XAN (26.6% and 20.1%) and CXE (25.8% and 22.5%), respectively. XAN and CXE treatment also suppressed the development of fatty liver by decreasing liver fat accumulation. Moreover, XAN and CXE significantly inhibited production of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in adipose tissue (27.8–82.7%), liver (43.9–84.7%), and muscle (65.2–92.5%). Overall, these results suggest that XAN and CXE, with their antihyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities, might be used as potent antidiabetic agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Abstract 037: Role of Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) Specific PTP1B in Differential Regulation of Blood Pressure, Liver Lipid Accumulation and Glucose Tolerance in Response to a High Fat Diet

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Aberdein ◽  
Jussara M do Carmo ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Taolin Fang ◽  
Cecilia P de Lara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
High Fat

Obese subjects are often resistant to leptin’s metabolic effects although blood pressure (BP) and sympathetic nervous system responses appear to be preserved. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), a negative regulator of leptin signaling, may play a role in promoting this selective leptin resistance and causing metabolic dysfunction in obesity. Our previous studies suggest that the chronic BP responses to leptin are mediated via activation of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons. The goal of this study was to determine if PTP1B in POMC neurons differentially controls metabolic functions and BP in mice fed a high fat diet (HFD). Male mice with POMC specific PTP1B deletion (POMC/PTP1B -/- ) and littermate controls (PTP1B flox/flox ) were fed a HFD from 6 to 22 wks of age. Baseline BP after 16 weeks of a HFD (95±2 vs. 95±3 mmHg) and BP responses to acute stress (Δ32±0 vs. Δ32±6 mmHg), measured by telemetry, were not different in POMC/PTP1B -/- compared to control mice, respectively. Heart rate (HR) was not different in POMC/PTP1B -/- and control mice during acute stress (699±4 vs. 697±15 bpm, respectively). Total body weight (TBW) and fat mass were reduced at 20 weeks of age in POMC/PTP1B -/- compared to controls (36.7±0.1 vs. 42.0±1 g TBW and 12.7±0.4 vs. 16.1±1.0 g fat mass, respectively). Liver weight of POMC/PTP1B -/- mice was less than in controls, and this was evident even when liver weight was normalized as % of TBW (4.5±0.2 vs. 5.0±0.2 %). POMC/PTP1B -/- males had reduced liver lipid accumulation compared to controls as measured by EchoMRI (0.08±0.03 vs. 0.15±0.03 g/g liver weight). Glucose tolerance was also improved by 46% in POMC/PTP1B -/- compared to controls as measured by AUC, 25856±1683 vs. 47267±5616 mg/dLx120min, respectively. These findings indicate that PTP1B signaling in POMC neurons plays a crucial role in regulating liver lipid accumulation and glucose tolerance but does not appear to mediate changes in BP or BP responses to acute stress in mice fed a high HFD (supported by NHLBI-PO1HL51971 and NIGMS P20GM104357)

scholarly journals α-Methyl-L-Tryptophan as a Weight-Loss Agent in Multiple Models of Obesity in Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sathish Sivaprakasam ◽  
Sabarish Ramachandran ◽  
Mohd Omar Faruk Sikder ◽  
Yangzom Doma Bhutia ◽  
Mitchell Wachtel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
Multiple Models ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Obesity In Mice ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

a-Methyl-L-tryptophan (a-MLT) is currently in use as a tracer in its 11C-labeled form to monitor the health of serotonergic neurons in humans. In the present study, we found this compound to function as an effective weight-loss agent at pharmacological doses in multiple models of obesity in mice. The drug was able to reduce the body weight when given orally in drinking water (1 mg/ml) in three different models of obesity: normal mice on high-fat diet, Slc6a14-null mice on high-fat diet, and ob/ob mice on normal diet. Only the L-enantiomer (a-MLT) was active while the D-enantiomer (a-MDT) had negligible activity. The weight-loss effect was freely reversible, with the weight gain resuming soon after the withdrawal of the drug. All three models of obesity were associated with hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis; a-MLT reversed these features. There was a decrease in food intake in the treatment group. Mice on a high-fat diet showed decreased cholesterol and protein in the serum when treated with a-MLT; there was however no evidence of liver and kidney dysfunction. Plasma amino acid profile indicated a significant decrease in the levels of specific amino acids, including tryptophan; but the levels of arginine were increased. We conclude that a-MLT is an effective, reversible, and orally active drug for the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Effects of Indian Gooseberry Fruit on Anxiety-Related Behaviors and Memory Performance in High-fat Diet-induced Obese Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirikran Juntapremjit ◽  
◽  
Yoottana Janthakhin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Indian Gooseberry ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Diet Control

Abstract Indian gooseberry (Phyllanthus emblica L.) is widely used in Ayurvedic medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, as well as traditional medicine to treat health complications including disorders of diabetes and obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Indian gooseberry fruit on anxiety-related behaviors and memory performance in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 11 pre group); group 1: normal diet control, 2: normal diet treated with Indian gooseberry fruit juice, 3: high-fat diet control, and 4: high-fat diet treated with Indian gooseberry fruit juice. Each mouse was orally and daily administrated with 5mL/kg of Indian gooseberry fruit juice. After six weeks, all groups were tested for blood glucose levels, anxiety and memory performances, and the level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the hippocampus. The results revealed that the treatment with Indian gooseberry juice for six weeks produced a significant decrease in blood glucose levels (P <0.05). In anxiety-related behaviors, Indian gooseberry juice showed a remarkable decrease in self-grooming behavior (P <0.001). In addition, there was a significant increase in memory performance in the high-fat diet treated with Indian gooseberry fruit juice compared to the high-fat diet control (P <0.05). Furthermore, the level of inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in the hippocampus was significantly decreased after oral administration of Indian gooseberry fruit juice (P <0.05). These findings suggest that Indian gooseberry fruit can serve as a natural nutritional treatment for preventing high-fat diet-induced cognitive impairment. Keywords: Anxiety-related behaviors, High-fat diet, Indian gooseberry, Memory performance, Obesity

scholarly journals IL-15Rα is a determinant of muscle fuel utilization, and its loss protects against obesity

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (8) ◽  
pp. R835-R844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Loro ◽  
Erin L. Seifert ◽  
Cynthia Moffat ◽  
Freddy Romero ◽  
Manoj K. Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Binding Partner ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

IL-15Rα is the widely expressed primary binding partner for IL-15. Because of the wide distribution in nonlymphoid tissues like skeletal muscle, adipose, or liver, IL-15/IL-15Rα take part in physiological and metabolic processes not directly related to immunity. In fast muscle, lack of IL-15Rα promotes an oxidative switch, with increased mitochondrial biogenesis and fatigue resistance. These effects are predicted to reproduce some of the benefits of exercise and, therefore, improve energy homeostasis. However, the direct effects of IL-15Rα on metabolism and obesity are currently unknown. We report that mice lacking IL-15Rα (IL-15Rα−/−) are resistant to diet-induced obesity (DIO). High-fat diet-fed IL-15Rα−/− mice have less body and liver fat accumulation than controls. The leaner phenotype is associated with increased energy expenditure and enhanced fatty acid oxidation by muscle mitochondria. Despite being protected against DIO, IL-15Rα−/− are hyperglycemic and insulin-resistant. These findings identify novel roles for IL-15Rα in metabolism and obesity.

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