scholarly journals Consumer Understanding and Culinary Use of Legumes in Australia

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Figueira ◽  
Felicity Curtain ◽  
Eleanor Beck ◽  
Sara Grafenauer
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Food Category ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Kidney Beans ◽  
Policy Level ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Green Peas

While health benefits of legume consumption are well documented, intake is well below recommendations in many Western cultures, and little is known regarding culinary use and consumer understanding of these foods. This study aimed to investigate consumption, knowledge, attitudes, and culinary use of legumes in a convenience sample of Australians. An online computer-based survey was used to gather data and demographic characteristics. Respondents (505 individuals answered in full or in part) were regular consumers of legumes (177/376 consumed legumes 2–4 times weekly). Chickpeas, green peas, and kidney beans were most often consumed, and were made into most commonly Mexican, then Indian and Middle Eastern meals. Consumers correctly identified protein and dietary fibre (37%) as key nutritional attributes. For non-consumers (7%; 34/463), taste, a lack of knowledge of how to prepare and include legumes, and the time taken to prepare, along with family preferences, hindered consumption. Participants identified the food category as “beans” rather than “legumes”, and this may have implications for dietary guidance at an individual and policy level. Addressing barriers to consumption, perhaps through food innovation, emphasizing positive health attributes, and clarification within dietary guidelines, are important considerations for increasing consumption of legumes.

An Exploratory Study Assessing Relations of Demographic Characteristics with Police Recruits' Attitudes toward Abuse of Children and Abusive Parents

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-456
Author(s):  
George T. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Child Neglect ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Abused Children ◽  
Police Recruits ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Academy Training

The purpose of this exploratory study was to assess the relationships of demographic characteristics with attitudes toward abusive parents and abused children in a convenience sample of 183 police recruits. Police academy training staff invited recruits to complete a questionnaire which contained three vignettes and a 36-item questionnaire that depicted child neglect, sexual abuse, physical abuse, and demographic information. Analysis of responses showed that African Americans and Latinos reported more negative attitudes of anger, disgust, sadness, and discomfort toward an abusive parent than the Euro-American group. Women reported more negative attitudes toward an abused child and also more positive attitudes of sympathy and caring toward an abused child. Results partially support previous research suggesting demographic characteristics influence report of attitudes toward abusive parents and abused children. These findings about the influence of demographic characteristics on positive and negative emotional reactions toward abusive parents and abused children add to the literature.

scholarly journals Dietary intakes of whole grains, health benefits but do contaminants pose a major risk?

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Nugent ◽  
Frank Thielecke
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Food Category ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroductionThere is a long history of use for whole grain cereals as part of human dietary intakes with records of dietary grain consumption from the Middle Stone Ages. Whole grains are nutrient dense and research demonstrates that the healthiest diets (those associated with reduced risk of non-communicable diseases e.g. cardiovascular disease or cancer) are characterised by higher intake of fruit, vegetables, nuts and legumes and whole grains and lower intakes of red and processed meats. Currently, grains are a main energy and carbohydrate source and as such form a cornerstone of food based dietary guidelines and dietary guidance globally. However, grains also naturally contain contaminants and as a food category can represent a significant dietary source of foodborne contaminants.Materials and MethodsThe outcomes of a narrative review on the major contaminants present in whole grains, their potential health risks and suggested strategies to mitigate any risk are described. Contaminants are limited to mycotoxins (aflatoxinB1, ochratoxin A, Fumonisin B1, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone), heavy metals (e.g. arsenic, cadmium, lead) and the process contaminant acrylamide.ResultsWhole grains can contain more contaminants than refined versions e.g. whole grain rice with bran intact can have up to 80% more arsenic than white rice. However, whole grains also provide more nutrients which may mitigate against the impact of these contaminants. For example, for heavy metals, there is some evidence that dietary fibres (e.g. wheat bran) may bind to them and reduce their absorption, as can nutrients naturally found in whole grains e.g. zinc, magnesium or copper. Minerals such as iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc may also impede heavy metal absorption by down-regulating or competing for attachment to transporters that facilitate intestinal absorption. Although, strict regulatory thresholds and monitoring processes by competent authorities minimise any risk to public health, the consumer may further lessen any risk through their own dietary choices and food storage and preparation practicesDiscussionThere are a number of potential health-protective properties inherent to whole grains. Given that complete elimination of contaminants from grains is unlikely to be achieved, their presence merits continued monitoring with evidence to date suggesting any such risk does not outweigh the known benefits of wholegrain consumption.

scholarly journals The Health Canada Surveillance Tool could be an effective method for assessing alignment with 2019 Canada's Food Guide

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Mulligan ◽  
Beatriz Franco-Arellano ◽  
Mary R L'Abbe
Keyword(s):  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Label ◽  
Food Category ◽  
Total N ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Label Information ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Health Canada ◽  
Kappa Agreement

AbstractThe Health Canada Surveillance Tool (HCST), a Canadian nutrient profile (NP) model, assesses products’ adherence to the 2007 Canada's Food Guide (CFG), using thresholds for total fat, saturated fat, sugars and sodium. In 2019, new dietary guidelines were published (i.e., CFG 2019); however; the HCST has not been updated to reflect changes implemented in this new guide. Given suggestions to adapt previously validated NP models rather than create new models, this research aimed to assess whether the HCST could be a useful tool to assess alignment with updated dietary guidance. Specifically, the objective of this study was to test the agreement between products’ alignment with the CFG 2007 (as per the HCST) and products’ alignment with the recently released CFG 2019 guidelines. This study analyzed data from the University of Toronto Food Label Information Program (FLIP) 2017 database. FLIP contains label and nutrition information for prepackaged food products from top Canadian grocery retailers. Products were categorized into Tiers based on HCST thresholds: Tiers 1 and 2 were considered “in line” with dietary guidance, while Tiers 3, 4 and “Other” (i.e. foods not addressed by CFG) were considered “not in line”. Two raters independently classified foods according to their alignment to CFG 2019. Proportions of products that were considered “in line” with CFG 2007 and 2019 were calculated. Overall agreement between alignment with CFG 2007 and 2019 was determined by cross-classifications of the proportion of products considered “in line” or “not in line” with both CFG versions. Cohen's Kappa (κ) statistic tested the level of agreement (Interpretation of κ: 0.01–0.20, “slight”; 0.21–0.40, “fair”; 0.41–0.60, “moderate”; 0.61–0.80, “substantial”; and 0.81–0.99, “almost perfect”). Analyses were conducted overall and by Health Canada's Table of Reference Amounts for Food category. In total, n = 16,973 products were analyzed, with 98% inter-rater reliability for CFG 2019 alignment. Overall, 30.2% and 28.2% of products were “in line” with CFG 2007 and 2019, respectively, with 80.4% overall agreement and “moderate” kappa agreement (κ [95% CI]: 0.49 [0.46, 0.49]). Overall agreement in individual food categories ranged from 100% (Dessert Toppings, Sauces, Sugars and Sweets; κ: N/A) to 54.8% (Eggs, κ: 0.21 [-0.01, 0.4]). From these results, the HCST appears to be an effective NP model for assessing alignment with CFG 2019. Further analysis could elucidate specific areas for adaptation of the HCST to optimize its functionality in this context.

scholarly journals Childcare Food Provision Recommendations Vary across Australia: Jurisdictional Comparison and Nutrition Expert Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6793
Author(s):  
Alison Spence ◽  
Penelope Love ◽  
Rebecca Byrne ◽  
Amy Wakem ◽  
Louisa Matwiejczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Critical Stage ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Childhood Nutrition ◽  
Food Provision ◽  
Early Childhood Nutrition

Early childhood is a critical stage for nutrition promotion, and childcare settings have the potential for wide-reaching impact on food intake. There are currently no Australian national guidelines for childcare food provision, and the comparability of existing guidelines across jurisdictions is unknown. This project aimed to map and compare childcare food provision guidelines and to explore perspectives amongst early childhood nutrition experts for alignment of jurisdictional childcare food provision guidelines with the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG). A desktop review was conducted and formed the basis of an online survey. A national convenience sample of childhood nutrition experts was surveyed. Existing guideline recommendations for food group serving quantities were similar across jurisdictions but contained many minor differences. Of the 49 survey respondents, most (84–100%) agreed with aligning food group provision recommendations to provide at least 50% of the recommended ADG serves for children. Most (94%) agreed that discretionary foods should be offered less than once per month or never. Jurisdictional childcare food provision guidelines do not currently align, raising challenges for national accreditation and the provision of support and resources for services across jurisdictions. Childhood nutrition experts support national alignment of food provision guidelines with the ADG.

CONSANGUINITY IN LEBANON: PREVALENCE, DISTRIBUTION AND DETERMINANTS

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
BERNADETTE BARBOUR ◽  
PASCALE SALAMEH
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Chronic Morbidity ◽  
Religious Reasons ◽  
Woman Working ◽  
Specific Health

SummaryThe union of individuals with a common ancestor may lead to serious health consequences in their offspring. Consanguinity is high in Middle Eastern communities; it was around 26% in 1988. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of consanguinity in Beirut and other Lebanese regions, and its associated factors in different subgroups. The cross-sectional study was performed on a convenience sample of married women in Lebanon. The women were administered a standardized questionnaire in a face-to-face interview by independent enquirers. Among 1556 women, the overall prevalence of consanguineous marriages was 35·5%, and the consanguinity coefficient was 0·020; 968 marriages (62·2%) were not consanguineous, 492 (31·6%) were first cousin, 61 (3·9%) were second cousin and 36 (2·3%) had lower degrees of consanguinity. Beirut suburb dwelling, low education subgroups, women working in the home and non-Christian religion presented the highest rates of consanguinity (p<0·05). Consanguinity is associated with couples' nulliparity and child chronic morbidity. Factors that could affect consanguinity are having consanguineous parents, having a favourable opinion towards consanguinity, choosing a spouse for religious reasons, particularly in Islam, woman having a low education, woman working in the home and women thinking that consanguinity would not lead to serious diseases. Consanguinity is therefore still a prevailing problem in Lebanon. Specific health education, and genetic counselling in particular, are suggested to explain the consequences of consanguinity to the general population and to help couples make informed choices.

Examining preference of elderly for adding indication to the prescription label (Rx Label)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
Prashant Sakharkar ◽  
Amir Zargarzadeh ◽  
Anandi Law
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Prescription Medication ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
School Education ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Daycare Centers

Rationale and aim To examine preference of the elderly for adding indication (medication use/purpose) to prescription label, reasons for their preference and its association with demographic characteristics. Methods A convenience sample of 143 patients of age 65 or older, who took at least one prescription medication every day were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed for descriptive statistics, correlation for demographic characteristics with participant’s preference for adding indication to prescription label using the Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. Regression analysis was conducted to predict participant’s preference.    Results Participants were ethnically diverse, majority being female (60.8%), with average age of 76.9 yrs. Twenty nine percent participants had more than high school education. About 91% participants preferred adding indications to their prescription label for the reasons: “managing medication by category” (29%), “distinguishing medications” (69%), and “reducing confusion” (29%). Adult daycare centers and community pharmacy participants with lower than high school education showed higher preference for adding indication for reducing confusion and distinguishing medication, respectively. Whereas, Hispanic/Latino participants of adult daycare centers preferred for the reason, distinguishing medications (p<0.05). Age, race/ethnicity and education were found to be good predictors of their preference. Conclusion The elderly showed higher preference for adding indication to the prescription label for improving their ability to distinguish medications and reduce confusion. Our results suggest a need for adopting recently released USP patient-centered prescription label standards, which also include adding indication to the Rx labels. 

Positive Health Practices of Urban Minority Adolescents

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganga Mahat ◽  
MaryAnn Scoloveno ◽  
Colleen Whalen
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Health Practices ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Minority Adolescents ◽  
Urban Minority ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Positive Health Practices

What influences the health practices of adolescents? This study attempted to answer this question by examining factors related to health practices of urban minority adolescents. The convenience sample consisted of 65 minority adolescents who resided in an urban area. Positive correlations were found between social support and positive health practices and hope and positive health practices. However, no significant relationship was found between self-esteem and positive health practices. School nurses work closely with adolescents and are in the position to initiate and promote programs that will influence the health behaviors of minority adolescents. Suggestions are provided that will assist school nurses to meet their goal of promoting positive health practices among adolescents.

scholarly journals A CRITICAL REVIEW ON CHANGING FOOD HABITS AND IT'S IMPACT ON HEALTH: W.S.R. AYURVEDA DIETARY GUIDELINES

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Amol Ramesh Koshti
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Conceptual Study ◽  
Packaged Food

BACKGROUND: Urbanization has a great impact on present lifestyle which in turn has affected dietary habits on a signicant level. Unfortunately people have been adapted to the food habits which have several adverse effects on health. In the changing lifestyle people tends to prefer fast food, ready-to-eat packaged food items and restaurant eating. There is growing evidence that prevalence of lifestyle disorders have surged owing to the change in the dietary habits. In Ayurvda there is elaborative explanation regarding dietary guidelines which if followed can be helpful in prevention of the disorders related to the changed dietary habits. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Ayurveda literature, research papers, scientic journals and authentic web sources related to this concept have been referred for conceptual study. RESULTS: There are enough evidences available supporting the fact that following the Ayurveda dietary guidelines can be helpful in the prevention of disorders associated with the changing food habits of present era. CONCLUSION: Adopting the Ayurveda dietary guidelines can be useful in preserving and promoting positive health. Further research to nd the mode of action on these Ayurveda dietary guidelines in the prevention of lifestyle disorders can be proposed

scholarly journals Is Socioeconomic Advantage Associated With Positive Health Behaviors and Health Outcomes Among Asian Indians?

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 233339281983037
Author(s):  
Beverly Gor ◽  
Vishnu P. Nepal ◽  
Rashmi Dongardive ◽  
V. K. Dorai ◽  
Mala Pande
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Convenience Sample

Objective: The South Asian Health Needs Assessment was conducted to collect health status information on the rapidly growing Asian Indian (AI) community in the Houston area. Many were highly educated and reported high income levels, factors usually associated with better health outcomes. This study examined the relationship between socioeconomic advantage and the health behaviors and health outcomes of AIs. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional survey data from a convenience sample of 1416 AIs. Income was categorized as low, medium, and high. Descriptive statistics were generated by income categories and weighted multinomial regression analyses were conducted to examine the association of income with health behaviors and outcomes, adjusting for age, sex, health insurance, and years in the United States. Results: Income was positively associated with better self-rated health, higher body mass index, moderate physical activity, having shingles vaccine, and cervical cancer screening. Income was inversely associated with perceived stress and heart disease. However, income was not significantly associated with alternative therapies, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, self-reported overweight/obesity, fruit and vegetable consumption, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and screening for breast, prostate, and colon cancer. Conclusions: Socioeconomic advantage was not consistently associated with positive health outcomes or desired health behaviors among AIs. We speculate that other factors, including cultural beliefs and acculturation may also impact health behaviors and health outcomes in this group. Further studies examining the influence of these variables on health behaviors and health outcomes are warranted.

scholarly journals Investigating the construct validity of an electronic in-basket exercise using bias-corrected bootstrapping and Monte Carlo re-sampling techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgen Becker ◽  
Deon Meiring ◽  
Jan H. Van der Westhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Value Add

Orientation: Technology-based simulation exercises are popular assessment measures for the selection and development of human resources.Research purpose: The primary goal of this study was to investigate the construct validity of an electronic in-basket exercise using computer-based simulation technology. The secondary goal of the study was to investigate how re-sampling techniques can be used to recover model parameters using small samples.Motivation for the study: Although computer-based simulations are becoming more popular in the applied context, relatively little is known about the construct validity of these measures.Research approach/design and method: A quantitative ex post facto correlational design was used in the current study with a convenience sample (N = 89). The internal structure of the simulation exercise was assessed using a confirmatory factor analytical approach. In addition, bias-corrected bootstrapping and Monte Carlo simulation strategies were used to assess the confidence intervals around model parameters.Main findings: Support was not found for the entire model, but only for one of the dimensions, namely, the Interaction dimension. Multicollinearity was found between most of the dimensions that were problematic for factor analyses.Practical/managerial implications: This study holds important implications for assessment practitioners who hope to develop unproctored simulation exercises.Contribution/value-add: This study aims to contribute to the existing debate regarding the validity and utility of assessment centres (ACs), as well as to the literature concerning the use of technology-driven ACs. In addition, the study aims to make a methodological contribution by demonstrating how re-sampling techniques can be used in small AC samples.

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