Diet and Neurodevelopmental Score in a Sample of One-Year-Old Children—A Cross-Sectional Study

Environmental factors in the first years of life are crucial for a child’s neurodevelopment. Research on the association between breastfeeding and neurodevelopment is inconclusive, while research on the possible association between other dietary factors and neurodevelopment is inadequate in children as young as one year of age. The aim of the present study was to investigate associations between both breastfeeding and other dietary factors and the neurodevelopment of one-year-old children in Norway. Methods: Participants were recruited from kindergartens in four Norwegian counties in 2017. A questionnaire including questions about dietary factors and breastfeeding, and a standardised age-related questionnaire on neurodevelopment (the Ages and Stages Questionnaire), were completed by parents of one-year-olds. Linear regressions adjusting for relevant covariates were conducted to explore the associations. Results: In our sample of 212 one-year-old children, a longer duration of breastfeeding was associated with higher neurodevelopmental scores. Dietary intake of fish, fruits and vegetables was also strongly associated with higher neurodevelopmental scores, even after adjustment for breastfeeding and maternal education. Conclusion: Our results indicate that healthy dietary factors are important for neurodevelopment in young children, with measurable effects already at the age of one year.

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A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF DIETARY FACTORS ON FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS IN WOMEN OF HA’IL REGION IN SAUDI ARABIA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i8.25980 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 202 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ramadevi Kundur ◽

Kalyan Viswanath Reddy Lingala ◽

Abeer Rawaf Moayd Alrshedi

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Fiber ◽

Gas Formation ◽

Highly Correlated

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) among the women population of the Ha’il region in Saudi Arabia. It also includes the analysis of the effect of dietary factors on FGIDs and to evaluate if any significant correlation exists between the type of diet and FGIDs.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Maternity and Children’s Hospital and Ha’il General Hospital in the Ha’il Province of Saudi Arabia with 501 random women patients who had visited these hospitals. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using the statistical program SPSS-21.Results: In this study, 50% of the women population in Ha’il had at least one of the FGIDs. Acidity (14.4%) is the prominent FGID followed by gas (11.8%) and abdominal pain (11.4%). The FGIDs increase with age, irrespective of dietary factors. Gas formation was observed to be significantly correlated with age (p<0.05), and unhealthy diet was highly correlated to acidity (p<0.01) and gas formation (p<0.01).Conclusion: FGIDs were observed to be considerably lower if a healthy diet was maintained at least up to 40 years of age. High fiber and protein-rich diet along with fresh fruits and vegetables are known to reduce FGID symptoms to a great extent; hence, dietary changes along with physical activity could help reduce the occurrence of FGIDs.

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How Do Perceptions of Local Neighborhood Relate to Adolescents' Walking and Cycling?

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.4278/0890-1171-20.2.139 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 139-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 151

Author(s):

Alison Carver ◽

Jo Salmon ◽

Karen Campbell ◽

Louise Baur ◽

Sarah Garnett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maternal Education ◽

Heavy Traffic ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Local Neighborhood ◽

Local Roads ◽

Walking To School ◽

Linear Regressions ◽

Sydney Australia

Purpose. To examine how perceptions of the local neighborhood relate to adolescents' walking and cycling. Design. Exploratory cross-sectional study. Setting. Birth cohort from the Nepean Hospital, Sydney, Australia. Subjects. Three hundred forty-seven adolescents (79.1% response rate; 49.6% boys; mean age = 13.0 ± 0.2 years) and their parents. Measures. Self-report and parental-report questionnaires. Results. Multiple linear regressions, adjusted for level of maternal education, revealed that boys who reported having many peers to hang out with locally, cycled for recreation (β = 0.242, p = .006) or for transport (β = 0.141, p = .046) more often, and walked for transport for longer (β = 0.129, p = .024) on weekdays. For girls this variable was related to cycling for recreation on weekends (β = 0.164, p = .006) and walking to school (β = 0.118, p = .002). Adolescents who waved/talked to neighbors walked for transport more often (boys, β = 0.149, p = .037; girls, β = 0.119, p = .012). Girls who perceived local roads to be safe spent more time walking for transport on weekdays (β = 0.183, p = .007) and for exercise on weekends (β = 0.184, p = .034). Parents' perception of heavy traffic was negatively associated with boys' walking for transport (β = −0.138, p = .037) and many aspects of girls' walking and cycling. Conclusion. Social interaction and road safety may be important predictors of adolescents' walking and cycling in their neighborhood. Limitations are the use of self-report and cross-sectional data. Longitudinal studies may clarify these relations.

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Breastfeeding Duration and Related Factors among Mothers in Southeast Nigeria

International Journal of Health Sciences and Research ◽

10.52403/ijhsr.20210548 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 305-312

Author(s):

Uchenna Ekwochi ◽

Ebelechuku Francesca Ugochukwu ◽

Chinyere Ukamaka Onubogu

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Breastfeeding Duration ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Southeastern Nigeria ◽

Early Introduction ◽

One Year ◽

Nutritional Benefits ◽

Duration Of Breastfeeding

Background: Breastfeeding is beneficial to mothers, infants and society at large. The nutritional and non-nutritional benefits are gained when practiced in line with recommended durations. Objective: The duration of breastfeeding and related factors among mothers of southeastern Nigeria were explored. Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data analysis employed SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 1,833 women were surveyed. Most (93.3%) were aged 20-40 years and had at least secondary education (94,6%). More than half (64.3%) were working class. Many had 1-4 children (91.5%) and a family size of ≤6 (74.2%). Up to 83.3% of the mothers breastfed for ≥12 months. Common reasons advanced for cessation of breastfeeding were pregnancy (29.8%), baby refusing to suckle (10.2%) or old enough to stop breastfeeding (18.0%). No reason for cessation was given for 22.4%. Mothers <20 years practiced non-exclusive breastfeeding or early introduction of complementary feeds, bottle-fed and were significantly least likely to breastfeed for up to one year. Conclusion: A suboptimal number of Nigerian mothers breastfed for ≥12 months. Unscientific reasons were proffered for cessation of breastfeeding. Younger mothers practiced non-exclusive breastfeeding, bottle-fed and gave early complementary feeds, negatively affecting duration of breastfeeding. Sustained individualized health education is advocated to improve duration of breastfeeding and avail young children of its wholesome nutritional benefits. Key words: Breastfeeding Cessation, Breastfeeding Duration, Lactation Cessation Determinants, Weaning Timing, Nutrition.

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Vaccination Status and Socio-demographic Study of Laboratory Confirmed Measles Cases in Upazilla Hospitals of Bangladesh

Journal of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College ◽

10.3329/jssmc.v11i2.48955 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 86-90

Author(s):

Rukhsana Parvin ◽

Zakia Nahar ◽

Merina Sultana ◽

Md Golam Mowla ◽

Tahira Salwa Jabbar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maternal Education ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccination Status ◽

Measles Vaccine ◽

Parental Occupation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Socioeconomic Condition ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

History Of ◽

One Year

Background: Though Bangladesh has done well to reduce the measles cases and measles related deaths through an effective vaccination programme, measles cases are still found in a good number in hospitals. The objectives of our study was to find out the vaccination status of laboratory confirmed measles patients and also to see the socio-demographic status of those patients. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in five Upazilla Health Complexes (UHC) of Gazipur district during a period of one year from 01/01/2017 to 31/12/ 2017. The Upazillas included were Gazipur Sadar, Kaliganj, Kaliakair, Sreepur and Tongi. The suspected measles patients were admitted after taking history and clinical examination and confirmed by doing specific laboratory investigation. Measles vaccination status and sociodemographic status of the these confirmed cases were analysed by using SPSS version 21. Results: Blood samples were sent from 93 patients who were admitted during the study period after observing the diagnostic criteria of measles. Out of them 45 patients were confirmed as measles and they are included in the study. Among the laboratory confirmed measles, 28 cases (62.22%) were males and 17 (37.78%) cases were females, ratio of male and female was 1.6:1. The maximum number of patients (62.22%) were in the age group of 9 months to 4 years. Maximum patients came from low socioeconomic condition with a monthly income of 10,000- 15,000 taka. About maternal education, 26 mothers (57.78%) were uneducated, 12(26.67%) below primary and 7(15.55%) up or above primary level. Among the total patients, 27(60%) patients came with pneumonia, 16(35.56%) patients with both pneumonia and diarrhoea and 2(4.44%) patients only with diarrhoea. We found 32 patients (71.11%) received no MCV(Measles containing vaccine) , 11 patients (24.44%) with one MCV and 2 patients (4.44%) received two MCVs. There we found several causes of dropout of measles vaccine. Lack of awareness regarding one vaccine was the most common cause (42.22%) and then ignorance about two measles vaccine (28.89) followed by migration (17.78%) and parental occupation (11.11%). History of contact with measles patients were found in 24.44% cases , no history in 26.67% cases and in 48.89% cases the history of contact is unknown. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2019, Vol.11(2); 86-90

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Assessment of knowledge of risk factors and prevention of obesity among school children: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20195838 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 111

Author(s):

Praveena R. Gunagi ◽

Shobha S. Karikatti ◽

Sunanda B. Halki

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

School Children ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Sectional Study ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Childhood obesity is a major contributor to the global burden of chronic diseases and is an important determinant of cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes etc. This can largely be attributed to the transformation in the lifestyles of children. There is still lack of knowledge about obesity among high school children. Objective of this study was to assess the knowledge of risk factors of obesity among school children and to find out the knowledge of hazards and preventive measures of obesity among school children.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among school students aged between 13-14 years from 9 randomly selected schools. The total sample included 480 students.Results: Out of 480 subjects 70.4% had heard about obesity, 62.3% were aware about the increasing prevalence of obesity among the youngsters, 26.7% thought unhealthy dietary factors and 29% thought mental stress were the main factors leading to obesity and non-communicable diseases. More than 75% students had correct knowledge of dietary factors associated with obesity like eating larger portion of food, eating fried foods, having junk foods. 51-75% of the students responded correctly for the factors i.e. using motorcycle for short distance.Conclusions: More than half of the students had knowledge of specific dietary and physical activity risk factors. Majority of the students identified high blood pressure, diabetes and heart problem as hazards of obesity. Only one third of the students knew preventive measures like adequate intake of fruits and vegetables, limiting unhealthy snacks and limiting screen time to prevent obesity.

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Food consumption of children enrolled in five municipal schools according to socio-demographics characteristics

Revista de Nutrição ◽

10.1590/1678-9865202033e200123 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

Author(s):

Angélica Ozorio LINHARES ◽

Mariana Marins CLEFF ◽

Manuela Ferreira VIANA ◽

Rafaela de Oliveira NEVES ◽

Denise Petrucci GIGANTE

Keyword(s):

Food Consumption ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Municipal Schools

ABSTRACT Objective To describe children food consumption in the five municipal schools in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, and their main characteristics. Methods Cross-sectional study of children enrolled in five municipal schools. The mothers were interviewed at the school. The questionnaire about habitual food consumption was based on the guidelines of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System. The data were entered in EpiData 3.1 and reviewed in Stata 14.0. The consumption frequency was reported according to each exposure category. Statistical tests based on Chi-Square test with 5% significance level and adjusted analyses through Poisson regression were used. Results A total of 548 children were included. Females represented 51.1% of the total sample; the average age was 48.3 months. Children up to two years of age were those who consumed the most fruits and vegetables while sweets were mostly consumed by older children, aged between three and four years. Unhealthy foods had a high frequency of consumption, with sweet being the most consumed (58.8%), followed by packet snacks (53.3%). In the adjusted analysis, eating meals in front of the screens remained associated with lower consumption of vegetables. Conclusion Eating meals in front of the screens reduces children’s vegetables consumption. At the same time, the child’s age and maternal education seem to have some influence on the consumption of unhealthy foods, indicating the need for nutritional education interventions.

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Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Findings in Patients Older than 60 Years: A One Year Pilot Study

Cardiology and Angiology An International Journal ◽

10.9734/ca/2020/v9i330135 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 8-17

Author(s):

Ajala Aisha Oluwabunmi ◽

Bell-Gam Hope Ilanye

Keyword(s):

Elderly Patients ◽

Cumulative Effect ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Geriatric Unit ◽

Age Related ◽

Port Harcourt ◽

One Year ◽

The University

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most frequent diagnosis in elderly people and is the leading cause of death in both men and women older than 65 years of age. Age-related vulnerability to CVD is compounded by the cumulative effect of the normal aging process and cardiovascular risk factors over a lifetime. The study assessed the prevalence of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic abnormalities in patients older than 60 years at the geriatric unit of the University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over 50 patients admitted to the geriatric ward over one year. The subjects underwent blood pressure and anthropometric parameters clinical examinations. Evaluation of the cardiovascular system was done using resting electrocardiogram and echocardiography. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 68.3±6.3 years with a female preponderance. Out of the 50 studied patients, 44 were admitted with a diagnosis of heart failure (HF). Preserved ejection fraction was present in 27 out of the 44 patients admitted for HF. Forty-seven patients had an abnormal LV geometry ranging from concentric remodeling to eccentric LV hypertrophy. Diastolic dysfunction was present in majority of the respondents 42 (84%). Resting ECG showed varying degrees of rhythm disturbances. Sinus tachycardia, bradycardia and left anterior fascicular blocks were the most prevalent rhythm disorders. Electrocardiographic LVH and left atrial abnormalities were present in 21 and 27 patients respectively. Prolonged QTc was present in only 4 patients. Conclusion: Electrocardiographic and ultrasound abnormalities are common in elderly patients and this also reflects the high prevalence of CVD in these groups of patients. Thus, resting ECG and ultrasound should routinely be incorporated as one of the baseline assessments for elderly patients to identify potentially serious heart conditions and also serves as a basis for comparison during subsequent hospitalization.

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A Western dietary pattern is associated with overweight and obesity in a national sample of Lebanese adolescents (13–19 years): a cross-sectional study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114515003657 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 114 (11) ◽

pp. 1909-1919 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Farah Naja ◽

Nahla Hwalla ◽

Leila Itani ◽

Sabine Karam ◽

Abla Mehio Sibai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Patterns ◽

Fast Food ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

National Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Nationally Representative

AbstractAdolescent obesity is associated with both immediate and longer-term health implications. This study aims to identify dietary patterns among a nationally representative sample of Lebanese adolescents aged between 13 and 19 years (n 446) and to assess the association of these patterns with overweight and obesity. Through face-to-face interviews, socio-demographic, lifestyle and anthropometric variables were collected. Dietary intake was assessed using a sixty-one-item FFQ. Dietary patterns were derived by factor analysis. The following two dietary patterns were identified: Western and traditional Lebanese. The Western pattern was characterised by high consumption of red meat, eggs and fast-food sandwiches. The traditional Lebanese pattern reflected high intakes of fruits and vegetables, legumes and fish. Female sex and a higher maternal education level were associated with a greater adherence to the traditional Lebanese pattern. As for the Western pattern, the scores were negatively associated with crowding index, physical activity and frequency of breakfast consumption. After adjustment, subjects belonging to the 3rd tertile of the Western pattern scores had significantly higher odds of overweight compared with those belonging to the 1st tertile (OR 2·3; 95 % CI 1·12, 4·73). In conclusion, two distinct dietary patterns were identified among adolescents in Lebanon: the traditional Lebanese and the Western, with the latter pattern being associated with an increased risk of overweight. The findings of this study may be used to guide the development of evidence-based preventive nutrition interventions to curb the obesity epidemic in this age group.

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Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) Evaluation of Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jninb.v6i2.50745 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 78-81

Author(s):

Md Tauhidul Islam Chowdhury ◽

Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque Chowdhury ◽

Mohammad Sadekur Rahman Sarkar ◽

KM Ahasan Ahmed ◽

Md Nazmul Kabir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

Computed Tomography Angiography ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multiple Aneurysm ◽

Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

One Year ◽

Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background: In evaluation of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage CT angiography (CTA) has 97-98% sensitivity and near 100% specificity. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the CTA findings of CT positive non traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methodology: This is an observational cross sectional study performed in Neurology department of National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka over one year period (January 2019 to December 2019). Total 87 CT positive subarachnoid hemorrhage cases were purposively included in this study. All CT positive patients underwent CTA of Cerebral vessels for further evaluation. The angiography were evaluated by competent neuro-radiologists blinded about the study. Result: Among 87 patients, 40.2% were male and 59.8% were female. The average age was 53.33±11.1 years. Among the studied patient the source of bleeding was found 78.16% aneurysmal and 21.84% non-aneurysmal. 85.30% patients had single aneurysm and 14.70% had multiple aneurysm. The highest number of patient had Acom aneurysm (41.17%) followed by MCA (22.05%), ICA (13.23%), ACA (7.35%) and vertebral artery (1.14%) in order of frequency. Among the multiple aneurysm group most of the patients had combination of Acom, MCA and ICA aneurysm. Conclusion: From this study, we can conclude that CTA can be used as the primary diagnostic tool in evaluation of spontaneous SAH. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(2): 78-81

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