Associations between 100% Orange Juice Consumption and Dietary, Lifestyle and Anthropometric Characteristics in a Cross-Sectional Study of U.S. Children and Adolescents

Concerns about orange juice’s sugar content have spurred discussions regarding its potential contributions to childhood obesity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between 100% orange juice (OJ) consumption and dietary, lifestyle and anthropometric characteristics in children and adolescents. Baseline anthropometric, dietary and lifestyle data from the Growing Up Today Study I (GUTS I) and GUTS II were collected via self-reported questionnaires from 26,554 participants. The mean values of these variables were then computed for children grouped by categories of OJ consumption, and linear trend testing was used to determine whether OJ consumption was linearly related to these variables. Multivariate adjustment modeling was used to calculate odds ratios of being obese or overweight/obese by OJ consumption. Among both boys and girls, OJ intake was positively associated with height, height-for-age z-score (HAZ), intakes of total energy, total energy excluding OJ, fruits and non-starchy vegetables and physical activity. BMI, BMI z-score and BMI-for-age percentile did not differ by OJ consumption. After adjustment for cohort, age, race, total energy intake without OJ, physical activity and screen time, prevalence of overweight/obesity significantly decreased by OJ intake in boys compared to non-consumers (odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI)): 1.17 (1.02, 1.33) for 1–3 glasses per month, 1.11 (0.98, 1.26) for 1–6 glasses per week, 1.00 (0.85, 1.18) for 1 glass per day, 0.91 (0.73, 1.13) for ≥1 glass per day, p-trend = 0.0403). Prevalence of obesity similarly decreased by OJ intake in boys. Prevalence of overweight/obesity and obesity did not significantly differ by OJ intake in girls. The results indicate that children consuming more OJ tended to practice healthier dietary and lifestyle habits without increased prevalence or odds of obesity or overweight.

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Homocysteine levels in children and adolescents are associated with the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C>T genotype, but not with physical activity, fitness or fatness: The European Youth Heart Study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114507280535 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 97 (2) ◽

pp. 255-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Jonatan R. Ruiz ◽

Anita Hurtig-Wennlöf ◽

Francisco B. Ortega ◽

Emma Patterson ◽

Torbjörn K. Nilsson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Body Fat ◽

Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽

Test Body ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Thcy Level

To examine the associations of total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) with physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and fatness in children and adolescents, a cross-sectional study of 301 children (9–10 years old) and 379 adolescents (15–16 years old) was conducted. Physical activity was measured by accelerometry. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured with a maximal ergometer bike test. Body fat was derived from the sum of five skinfold thicknesses. Genotyping for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T polymorphism was done by DNA sequencing. Fasting tHcy level was the outcome variable. Multiple regressions were used to determine the degree to which variance in tHcy was explained by physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and body fat, after controlling for potential confounders including MTHFR 677C>T genotype. tHcy levels were neither associated with any measure of level and pattern of physical activity nor with data on cardiorespiratory fitness, or body fat, in any age group after controlling for potential confounders including MTHFR 677C>T and even when subgroups 677TT and 677CC+CT were analysed separately. Mean values of tHcy were significantly higher in the TT subgroup compared with CC and CT subgroups in children (TT 7·4 μmol/l, CC 6·3 μmol/l, CT 6·6 μmol/l,P < 0·001 andP = 0·019, respectively) and adolescents (TT 16·9 μmol/l, CC 8·3 μmol/l, CT 9·0 μmol/l, bothP < 0·001). The results suggest that physical activity, fitness and body fat are not associated with tHcy levels in children and adolescents, even after controlling for presence of the MTHFR 677C>T genotype, the main influence on tHcy levels in these subjects.

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Cross-sectional study of the anthropometric characteristics of children with congenital Zika syndrome up to 12 months of life

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-020-02365-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rita de Cássia Oliveira de Carvalho-Sauer ◽

Maria da Conceição Nascimento Costa ◽

Enny S. Paixão ◽

Natanael de Jesus Silva ◽

Florisneide Rodrigues Barreto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anthropometric Measurement ◽

Z Score ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Anthropometric Characteristics ◽

Congenital Zika Syndrome ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Little is known about physical development of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). This study aims to evaluate the anthropometric characteristics of children with CZS up to 12 months. Methods This is a cross-sectional study developed with 46 children with CZS living in Bahia. We used the Public Health Events Register, Live Births Information System and Childcare Records of Primary Health Care Services. Descriptive analysis was performed by distributing absolute and relative frequencies and median and interquartile range. The Weight/Age (W/A), Length/Age (L/A), Weight/Length (W/L) and Head Circumference/Age (HC/A) indexes were calculated for each month and expressed in z-score values, and the results were evaluated individually and by group average. Values between ≥ − 2 and ≤ 2 standard deviations were used as reference. T-Student and Spearman’s Correlation Tests were applied to verify the existence of any relationship between maternal and children’s variables with the anthropometric indexes weight/age and height/age at birth and at 3, 6 and 12 months of age. Results The studied children had high proportions of low birth weight (23.9%), dysphagia (56.8%) and seizures (53.5%). The mean z-score for the HC/A index at birth was − 3.20 and remained below − 3 z-scores throughout the assessed period. The analysis of the indices equivalent to every single child’s anthropometric measurement showed a deficit in 20.4% of the W/A, 39.1% of the L/A, 9.2% of the W/L and 85.7% of the HC/A measurements. Distribution of the mean values of these anthropometric indices revealed a risk of delayed stature growth (L/A < -1 z-score). There was a statistically significant association between L/A at 12 months and dysphagia (p = 0.0148) and a positive correlation between breastfeeding time and W/A. No statistically significant correlation was found between any other tested variables. Conclusions We observed a deficit in the HC/A index, which is a common feature in CZS, but also a high proportion of W/A and L/A deficit. The average group z-score highlighted the risk of delay in stature growth for age, which calls attention to the need for health interventions, as this condition exposes them to a higher risk of morbidity and mortality.

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Influence of FTO (Fat mass and obesity) gene and parental obesity on Brazilian children and adolescents adiposity

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2019-0594 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 975-982

Author(s):

Pâmela Ferreira Todendi ◽

J. Alfredo Martínez ◽

Cézane P. Reuter ◽

Elisa I. Klinger ◽

Marilu Fiegenbaum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Plasma Glucose Level ◽

Genetic Variant ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Z Score ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Fto Gene ◽

Obese Mother ◽

Anthropometric Characteristics ◽

Fto Rs9939609

AbstractObjectivesEvaluate the influence of the genetic variant rs9939609 of the FTO gene on anthropometric characteristics and whether parental obesity is related to children and adolescents being overweight.MethodsA total of 2,364 children and adolescents between 6 and 17 years old were genotyped and the lipid profile, plasma glucose level, and anthropometric characteristics were measured to assess adiposity.ResultsThe AA genotype (risk) was associated with higher body mass index (BMI Z-score; p = 0.006), waist circumference (WC; p = 0.001), and triglycerides (p = 0.033). The association of the participants’ adiposity characteristics with the parents’ BMI and FTO genotypes showed an association of the BMI Z-score when either the mother or father was overweight or obese (p = 0.028 and p = 0.029). In the overweight or obese father/eutrophic mother, we also observe an association of FTO rs9939609 with WC (p = 0.039). The effect of these variables on the risk of obesity was also tested: overweight or obese mother (OR = 1.82, p = 0.041), overweight and obese parents (OR = 3.09, p < 0.0001), and FTO rs9939609 AA genotype (OR = 2.08, p = 0.0004) were associated. With regard to altered WC and high body fat percentage (BF%), either overweight or obese parents (OR = 2.39, p < 0.0001; OR = 1.92, p < 0.002) showed an association. The FTO rs9939609 AA genotype (OR = 1.99, p = 0.0002) was associated with altered WC.ConclusionsThe results show that parental weight also contributes to obesity and may interact with the FTO genetic make-up.

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How does academic achievement relate to cardiorespiratory fitness, self-reported physical activity and objectively reported physical activity: a systematic review in children and adolescents aged 6–18 years

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2016-097361 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (16) ◽

pp. 1039-1039 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Adilson Marques ◽

Diana A Santos ◽

Charles H Hillman ◽

Luís B Sardinha

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Academic Achievement ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

The Relationship

ObjectiveThis report aimed to systematically review the evidence for a differential association between objective and self-reported physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on academic achievement.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesStudies were identified from searches in Embase, Education Resources Information Center, PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTdiscus and Web of Science databases from January 2000 to December 2016.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesEligibility criteria included cross-sectional, longitudinal and interventional study designs. Outcomes included students’ school grade or a standardised test or measure of academic achievement. Explanatory variables were cardiorespiratory fitness and objective and self-reported physical activity. Inclusion criteria included school-aged children and adolescents aged–18 years (or students from primary to secondary school when student’s participants age was not described) and articles published in English, Portuguese or Spanish.ResultsA total of 51 articles met inclusion criteria: 41 cross-sectional, 2 intervention and 8 longitudinal studies. Results from 11 studies were inconsistent regarding the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and academic achievement. Ten of the 16 articles reported positive associations between self-reported physical activity and academic achievement. From the 22 studies that analysed the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and academic achievement, it was verified that they all generally support the beneficial effect of cardiorespiratory fitness on students’ academic achievement.ConclusionHigher cardiorespiratory fitness may be important to enhance children and adolescents’ health and, additionally, academic achievement. Due to a lack of consensus across studies, methodological issues associated with the assessment of physical activity should be considered when investigating physical activity and academic achievement.

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AB1334-HPR BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS TO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS (JIA): A SCOPING REVIEW

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3550 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1955.2-1955

Author(s):

K. O Donoghue ◽

L. Larkin

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Barriers And Facilitators ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Common Barriers

Background:Physical activity is an important aspect in the management of JIA (1). However physical activity levels are low in this population (2). Limited research has been conducted to identify definitive barriers and facilitators to physical activity in children and adolescents who have JIA.Objectives:The objective of this scoping review was to identify the common barriers and facilitators to physical activity in JIA.Methods:Original studies, either quantitative or qualitative, including participants with a diagnosis of JIA, who were under 18 years of age were included. Two independent reviewers carried out a search of the literature and full text reviews of papers to determine eligibility for inclusion. The Critical Skills Appraisal Programme (CASP), Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) and Downs and Black critical appraisal tools were used to assess the quality of the included research articles.Results:Eighteen studies were included in the review. The included studies were of a variety of low, moderate and high quality. The synthesis of the data identified pain to be the most common barrier and the modification of physical activities to the need of the individual to be the most common facilitator to physical activity in JIA.Conclusion:Identifying the most common barriers and facilitators to physical activity allows clinicians to apply better management strategies when treating an individual with JIA. Our findings demonstrate the need for further research in this area to assist increasing physical activity participation for children and adolescents who have JIA.References:[1]Kuntze, G., Nesbitt, C., Whittaker, J.L., Nettel-Aguirre, A., Toomey, C., Esau, S., Doyle-Baker, P.K., Shank, J., Brooks, J., Benseler, S., Emery, C.A. (2018) ‘Exercise Therapy in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis’,Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 99(1), 178-193[2]Bos, G.J.F.J., Lelieveld, O.T.H.M., Armbrust, W., Sauer, P.J.J., Geertzen, J.H.B., Dijkstra, P.U. (2016) ‘Physical activity in children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis compared to controls’, Pediatric Rheumatology, 14(1), 42.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Design of a cross-sectional study on physical fitness and physical activity in children and adolescents after burn injury

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/1471-2431-12-195 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Laurien M Disseldorp ◽

Leonora J Mouton ◽

Tim Takken ◽

Marco Van Brussel ◽

Gerard IJM Beerthuizen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Burn Injury ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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Physical activity and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling elders from southern Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1590/s1516-44462011005000006 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 165-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

César L. Reichert ◽

César L. Diogo ◽

José L. Vieira ◽

Roberta R. Dalacorte

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Active Group ◽

Lower Prevalence ◽

Cross Sectional

OBJECTIVE: To determine the existence of a relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling elders. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional, population-based study, which included 379 community-dwelling elders from Novo Hamburgo, state of RS, Brazil. The level of physical activity was estimated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and depressive symptoms were diagnosed according to the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale. The association between the level of physical activity and depressive symptoms was analyzed by logistic regression. RESULTS: A tendency towards a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms was observed in individuals with higher levels of physical activity, both in the sample as a whole as well as among men, but not among women (p for linear trend 0.04, 0.03 and 0.36, respectively). The odds ratio of the presence of depressive symptoms in the very active group, as compared against that of the insufficiently active group was 0.32 (95% CI: 0.12-0.86) for men and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.39-1.46) for women. CONCLUSION: In this population of aged individuals, more intense physical activity is related to a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms. As shown by gender stratification, physical activity is inversely related to depressive symptoms in men, albeit not in women.

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Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time among Children and Adolescents in Morocco: A Cross-Sectional Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/8949757 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Issad Baddou ◽

Asmaa El Hamdouchi ◽

Imane El Harchaoui ◽

Kaoutar Benjeddou ◽

Naima Saeid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activity Guideline ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Objectively Measured

Background. Regular physical activity in childhood and adolescent plays an important role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular health diseases, diabetes, and obesity in adulthood. However, little is known about physical activity levels (PA) and sedentary time among children and adolescents in Morocco. Objective. To examine gender, type of day, and age grade differences in objectively measured sedentary time, physical activity levels, and physical activity guideline attainment among children and adolescents in Morocco. Method. 172 children/adolescents (mean age = 10.92 ± 1.55 years, 49.4% are boys) were recruited for this study and wore a tri-axial accelerometer (GT3X+) for 7 consecutive days. Time spent in sedentary, PA levels, and daily steps were measured and compared according to gender, age grade, and the type of day (weekdays/weekends). Results. In weekdays children/adolescents spent more time in sedentary than weekends (p < 0.001). Boys were eight times more likely to meet the recommendation for at least 60 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day than girls (OR: 8.569; 95% [CI]: 4.23–17.32), p < 0.001. Conclusion. These findings highlight the need for effective and sustainable strategies and programs aiming to promote physical activity and to reduce sedentary behavior among children and adolescents in Morocco.

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Acute malnutrition is associated with the high nutritional risk obtained by STRONGkids in children and adolescents with infectious diseases

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i11.19859 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. e407101119859

Author(s):

Francisca Maria da Silva ◽

Francisca Isabelle da Silva e Sousa ◽

Alexandre Danton Viana Pinheiro ◽

Ribanna Aparecida Marques Braga ◽

Maria Luisa Pereira de Melo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Acute Malnutrition ◽

Nutritional Risk ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Z Score ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective: In this study, we aim to evaluate whether the presence of malnutrition in children and adolescents with infectious diseases is associated with high nutritional risk obtained by the STRONGkids instrument. Methods: A cross-sectional study comprising 237 hospitalized patients aged between 30 days and 18 years. Identification and diagnosis data, weight and height were collected. STRONGkids determined nutritional risk. Acute malnutrition was classified by BMI/age Z score < - 2 and chronic by Height/age Z score < - 2. Associations between categorical variables were verified using Pearson's chi-square test. A logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between anthropometric parameters of malnutrition and nutritional risk. It was considered significant p< 0,05. Results: In multiple analysis, it was observed that having malnutrition as of BMI/age increases the chance by 5.68 of having high nutritional risk by the STRONGKids instrument, regardless of age, sex and the presence of poverty-related infectious diseases (OR: 5.68; 95% CI: 1.54-20.93; p=0.009). Conclusion: In summary, for patients with infectious diseases, acute malnutrition (BMI/age) is associated directly with the diagnosis of high nutritional risk by STRONGkids.

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Sleep and BMI in South African urban and rural, high and low-income preschool children

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10591-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dale E. Rae ◽

Simone A. Tomaz ◽

Rachel A. Jones ◽

Trina Hinkley ◽

Rhian Twine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Preschool Children ◽

South African ◽

Low Income ◽

Urban Environments ◽

Z Score ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Sleep Parameters ◽

Z Scores

Abstract Background The extent to which income setting or rural and urban environments modify the association between sleep and obesity in young children is unclear. The aims of this cross-sectional observational study were to (i) describe and compare sleep in South African preschool children from rural low-income (RL), urban low-income (UL) and urban high-income (UH) settings; and (ii) test for associations between sleep parameters and body mass index (BMI). Methods Participants were preschoolers (5.2 ± 0.7y, 49.5% boys) from RL (n = 111), UL (n = 65) and UH (n = 22) settings. Height and weight were measured. Sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity were assessed using accelerometery. Results UL children had higher BMI z-scores (median: 0.39; interquartile range: − 0.27, 0.99) than the UH (− 0.38; − 0.88, 0.11) and RL (− 0.08; − 0.83, 0.53) children (p = 0.001). The UL children had later bedtimes (p < 0.001) and wake-up times (p < 0.001) and shorter 24 h (p < 0.001) and nocturnal (p < 0.001) sleep durations than the RL and UH children. After adjusting for age, sex, setting, SB and PA, for every hour less sleep obtained (24 h and nocturnal), children were 2.28 (95% CI: 1.28–4.35) and 2.22 (95% CI: 1.27–3.85) more likely, respectively, to belong to a higher BMI z-score quartile. Conclusions Shorter sleep is associated with a higher BMI z-score in South African preschoolers, despite high levels of PA, with UL children appearing to be particularly vulnerable.

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