scholarly journals Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG Affects the BDNF System in Brain Samples of Wistar Rats with Pepsin-Trypsin-Digested Gliadin (PTG)-Induced Enteropathy

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 629
Author(s):  
Antonella Orlando ◽  
Guglielmina Chimienti ◽  
Angela Maria Serena Lezza ◽  
Vito Pesce ◽  
Isabella Gigante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg ◽  
Curative Effect ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Positive Effect

Celiac disease (CD) presents as chronic low-grade inflammation of the small intestine often characterized by psychiatric comorbidities. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which we have shown to be reduced in the serum of CD patients, acts as the bridge between immune activation and the nervous system adaptive response. Since Lactobacillus has been shown to upregulate BDNF, this study aimed to evaluate whether the administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (L.GG) could positively affect the brain BDNF system in rats mimicking the CD lesions. Data have shown that the administration of pepsin-trypsin digested gliadin (PTG) and L.GG alter the levels of mature BDNF (mBDNF), as evaluated by Western blotting. PTG provoked a reduction of mBDNF compared to controls, and a compensatory increase of its receptor TrkB. L.GG induced a slight positive effect on mBDNF levels under normal conditions, while it was able to rescue the PTG-induced reduced expression of mBDNF. The curative effect of L.GG was finely tuned, accompanied by the reduction of TrkB, probably to avoid the effect of excessive BDNF.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Colonization in Early Life Ameliorates Inflammaging of Offspring by Activating SIRT1/AMPK/PGC-1α Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Tianyu Liu ◽  
Xueli Song ◽  
Yaping An ◽  
Xuemei Wu ◽  
Wanru Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Inflammaging refers to chronic, low-grade inflammation during aging, which contributes to the pathogenesis of age-related diseases. Studies have shown that probiotic intervention in the aging stage could delay aging-related disorders. However, whether the application of probiotics in early life could have antiaging effects on offspring was unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) colonization in early life on inflammaging of offspring. Pregnant mice with the same conception time were given LGG live bacteria (LC group) or LGG fixed bacteria (NC group) from the 18th day after pregnancy until natural birth. The progeny mice were treated with 107 cfu of live or fixed LGG for 0-5 days after birth, respectively. LGG colonization could be detected in the feces of 3-week offspring. The 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of 3-week-old offspring showed that colonization of LGG in early life could alter the composition and diversity of gut microbiota. Interestingly, the beneficial effects of LGG colonization in early life on the microbiota lasted to 8 months old. The abundance of longevity-related bacteria (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Akkermansia muciniphila) increased significantly in the LGG colonization group. In addition, LGG colonization increased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid- (SCFA-) producing bacteria and the production of cecal SCFAs. LGG colonization in early life protected the intestinal barrier, enhanced antioxidant defense, attenuated epithelial cell DNA damage, and inhibited intestinal low-grade inflammation in 8-month-old progeny mice. Mechanically, LGG could upregulate Sirtuin1 (SIRT1)/Adenosine 5 ′ -monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) pathway and repress activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), while the protective effect of LGG was blunted after SIRT1 gene silencing. Together, LGG colonization in early life could ameliorate inflammaging of offspring, which would provide a new strategy for the prevention of age-related diseases.

scholarly journals Provitamin A Cassava Hydrolysate with Lactobacillus rhamnosus Gg Improves Serum Lipid Profile in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 445-445
Author(s):  
Modupeola Oguntoye ◽  
Olufunke Ezekiel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg

Abstract Objectives There is considerable interest in the development of high quality food products and dietary supplements that help in weight management. Drug intervention could have a negative side effect. Consumption of probiotics such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG cells through food products could offer a positive approach to weight management. Thus, probiotic beverages could serve as a healthy alternative in weight management. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of probiotic beverage such as provitamin A cassava hydrolysate carrying Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in weight management. Methods Provitamin A cassava hydrolysate was inoculated with free (PHF) or alginate-encapsulated (PHE) Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) cells in doses 1, 2 or 4 × 1010 CFU/ml, and administered orally to adult Wistar rats (120–150 g, n = 40 males, 8 groups). All rats were dosed orally once daily for 4 weeks, recording weekly body weight changes as percentage change, and compared against Control (distilled water). Serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides and high density lipoprotein) were determined after sacrificing the rats. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05. Results The body weight gain in control rats was significantly higher (α0.05) by the end of the 4th week (40.00%) than PHF or PHE groups at doses 1, 2 or 4 × 1010 CFU/ml (34.59, 24.38 and 8.04%, or 30.34, 23.49 and 18.24% respectively) which reduced with increasing doses. Total cholesterol, triglycerides and high density lipoprotein were higher in control rats (65.40, 56.60 and 29.48 mg/dL respectively) than in PHF or PHE groups at dose 4 × 1010 CFU/ml (54.60, 44.40 and 27.48 mg/dL, and 62.40, 46.60 and 23.12 mg/dL respectively). Conclusions Provitamin A cassava hydrolysate with L. rhamnosus GG was able to induce a transient weight reduction in rats, owing to its potential in reducing serum cholesterol and exerting anti-obesity effect. Thus it could be consumed as a beverage targeting weight management. Funding Sources Self.

Metabolic Syndrome and Its Effect on the Brain: Possible Mechanism

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 595-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul ‘Ain Arshad ◽  
Teoh Seong Lin ◽  
Mohamad Fairuz Yahaya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Disease Type ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
The Brain

Background & Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an interconnected group of physiological, biochemical, clinical and metabolic factors that directly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and mortality. Rising evidence suggests that MetS plays a significant role in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. Nonetheless, the factors linking this association has not yet been elucidated. As we are facing an increasing incidence of obesity and T2DM in all stages of life, understanding the association of MetS and neurodegenerative diseases is crucial to lessen the burden of the disease. Conclusion: In this review, we will discuss the possible mechanisms which may relate the association between MetS and cognitive decline which include vascular damages, elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), insulin resistance and low-grade inflammation.

scholarly journals Standarization of a Protocol of Immunohistochemistry for the Detection of Brain Microglia in Wistar Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Karol Ramírez Chan DDS, MSc, PhD ◽  
Jaime Jaime Fornaguera-Trías PhD
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Secondary Antibody ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Microglia Morphology

Objective: Standardize a protocol of immunohistochemistry that has been widely used in C57BL/6J mice to identify microglia of the central nervous system in Wistar rats.  Materials and Methods: This research activity was carried out in two parts. In the first part, a protocol of immunohistochemistry was implemented to identify microglia in the central nervous system of 6 Wistar rats. A primary antibody with reactivity to rat and a specific secondary antibody to the primary were used. Once the protocol was established in rats' brains, an immunological challenge was produced with the intraperitoneal application of lipopolysaccharide in 2 Wistar rats, in order to evidence the changes in microglia morphology.  Results and Discussion: We demonstrate that without making major modifications to the original protocol, it can also be used to identify microglia in adult Wistar rats. In the near future, this immunostaining protocol will be applied to elucidate the bidirectional interaction between the brain and the immune system, under homeostatic conditions and different physiological and pathological stimuli.

Low grade b-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) involving the central nervous system (CNS): An analysis from the National Cancer Database (NCDB).

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13083-e13083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Avinash Pophali ◽  
Gita Thanarajasingam ◽  
Jose Pulido ◽  
Patrick B. Johnston ◽  
Ronald S. Go
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Case Series ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
The Brain

e13083 Background: CNS involvement from low grade B-cell NHL is rare and has only been reported as case series. The distribution, demographics and outcomes of patients with low grade B-cell CNS NHLs have not been well characterized. Methods: The NCDB represents ~70% of cancer cases in the United States. Using the 2004-2013 NCDB extranodal NHL database, we identified all CNS B-cell NHLs based on ICD-O-3 site and histology codes. Primary or secondary CNS involvement could not be determined. Results: Out of 9435 CNS NHL cases, 475 [5.03%] had low grade histologies. In this group, the median age at diagnosis was 58 years [range 19-89]. Majority of the cases were female [56%], White, non-Hispanic [72%], privately insured [53%], with no comorbidities [74%] and treated in academic/research programs [38%]. Site of CNS disease was not specified in 22%. HIV status was known in 318 cases (6.3% positive). The brain [44%] was the most common site of involvement followed by spinal cord [19%] and meninges [15%]. Follicular lymphoma (FL) [48%] was the most common histology overall followed by marginal zone (MZL) [37%], small lymphocytic (SLL) [8%] and lymphoplasmacytic lymphomas (LPL) [7%]. MZL was the most common histology in the brain [44%] and meninges [61%] while FL was most common in the spinal cord [77%] and nervous system, NOS [69%]. Cranial nerves and eye (retina/optic nerve) involvement was very rare [2 and 1 case each- both MZL]. The overall survival (OS) of CNS B-cell NHL was significantly better if histology was low grade vs other [5-year OS 74% vs 32%, P < 0.0001]. Among CNS low grade B-cell NHLs, 5-year OS varied by histology [MZL 83%, FL 75%, LPL 56% and SLL 50%, P = 0.0003] and site of disease [spinal cord 89%, meninges 78% and brain 63%, P = 0.03] in addition to age at diagnosis and co-morbidities on both uni- and multivariate analysis. Survival was not influenced by sex, race, insurance, year of diagnosis, facility type or location. Conclusions: CNS involvement with low grade B-cell NHL is rare but has a relatively good outcome with most patients surviving beyond 5 years. FL and MZL are the more common low grade histologies. Both histology and disease site are important factors affecting survival.

Attenuation of Alloxan-induced Low-grade Inflammation by Persea Americana Polyphenolic Peel Extract in Male Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
OLAREWAJU MICHAEL oluba ◽  
Daniel O. Abasiri ◽  
Babatunde Ibitoye ◽  
Samuel Ojeaburu ◽  
George Eidangbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Management Of Complications ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
Peel Extract

Abstract Background: Based on the conceived causal relationship that exist between oxidative stress, hyperglycemia and low‐grade inflammation, this study was hypothesized to evaluate how treatment with polyphenolic peel extract of avocado pear (APPE), with established antioxidant activity, may be deployed in the management of complications arising from diabetes. Methods: Twenty adult male alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats randomly assigned to five groups (n = 5) designated: diabetic control (DC), treated with distilled water; and 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg APPE, respectively. A sixth group comprising of five normal rats administered distilled water served as normal control (NC). Results: Following a 21-day single daily oral administration of APPE, remarkable improvements in body weight and blood glucose concentration were noted in diabetic rats especially at 200 mg/kg compared to DC. A dose-related significant reductions in glycated hemoglobin, interleukins (1β and 6), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in diabetic rats treated with APPE compared to DC. Conversely, serum insulin and interleukin-10 concentrations were significantly elevated in a dose-related fashion in APPE administered diabetic rats compared to DC. Unlike the intestine and heart which were spared severe morphological treatment due to alloxan intoxication, diabetic control rat and those on low dose of the extract showed varying degree of interface hepatitis and glomerulosclerosis. However, diabetic rats on 200 mg/kg APPE were protected from the damaging effects of diabetes mellitus on the liver and kidney.Conclusion: APPE abrogated the oxidative stress-induced hepatic and nephrotic damage in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Simmering Innards: Does Irritable Bowl Syndrome Have an Immunological Basis?

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 601-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher N Andrews ◽  
Eldon A Shaffer
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Not so long ago, physicians construed the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) as being a neurotic trait: it was all in the head. Today most clinicians believe that the main abnormality lies in the brain (and spinal cord), which reacts abnormally to stimuli from the gut. Recent studies are identifying a basis for these neural changes - low grade inflammation in the gut - which may play a key role in IBS.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Protects the Epithelial Barrier of Wistar Rats from the Pepsin-Trypsin-Digested Gliadin (PTG)-Induced Enteropathy

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Orlando ◽  
Michele Linsalata ◽  
Giusy Bianco ◽  
Maria Notarnicola ◽  
Benedetta D’Attoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Intercellular Junction ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Polyamine Metabolism ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg ◽  
Junction Protein

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder, characterized by enhanced paracellular permeability across the intestinal epithelium. The complex system of intercellular junctions, including tight junctions (TJs) and adherens junctions (AJs), seals together the epithelial cells to form a continuous layer. The improvements in barrier integrity have been related to modifications in intercellular junction protein expression. Polyamines (spermidine, spermine, and putrescine) actively participate in the modulation of the AJ expression. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that also probiotics can promote the integrity and the function of the intestinal barrier. On these bases, the present work investigated the protective effects exerted by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (L.GG) against the pepsin-trypsin-digested gliadin (PTG)-induced enteropathy in jejunal tissue samples of Wistar rats. In particular, the probiotic effects have been evaluated on the intestinal mucosal architecture, polyamine metabolism and intercellular junction protein expression (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1, β-catenin and E-cadherin). The results from this study indicate that L.GG protects the intestinal mucosa of rats from PTG-induced damage, by preventing the reduction of the expression of the intercellular junction proteins. Consequently, a role for L.GG in the therapeutic management of the gluten-related disorders in humans could be hypothesized.

scholarly journals Implication of Aging Related Chronic Neuroinflammation on COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Bossù ◽  
Elisa Toppi ◽  
Valentina Sterbini ◽  
Gianfranco Spalletta
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disease ◽  
Severe Case ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Chronic Neuroinflammation ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Conditions

SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, leads to a respiratory syndrome and other manifestations. Most affected people show no or mild symptoms, but the risk of severe disease and death increases in older people. Here, we report a narrative review on selected studies targeting aging-related chronic neuroinflammation in the COVID-19 pandemic. A hyperactivation of the innate immune system with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines occurs during severe COVID-19, pointing to an important role of the innate immune dysregulation in the disease outcome. Aging is characterized by a general condition of low-grade inflammation, also connected to chronic inflammation of the brain (neuroinflammation), which is involved in frailty syndrome and contributes to several age-associated diseases, including neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Since neuroinflammation can be induced or worsened by the virus infection itself, as well as by stressful conditions like those linked to the recent pandemic, the role of neuroinflammatory mechanisms could be central in a vicious circle leading to an increase in the mortality risk in aged COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, triggered neuroinflammatory pathways and consequent neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions might be potential long-term complications of COVID-19. In order to provide insights to help clinicians in identifying patients who progress to a more severe case of the disease, this review underlines the potential implications of aging-related neuroinflammation in COVID-19 pandemic.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document