scholarly journals Understanding the Protective Effect of Phytate in Bone Decalcification Related-Diseases

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2859
Author(s):  
Pilar Sanchis ◽  
Ángel-Arturo López-González ◽  
Antonia Costa-Bauzá ◽  
Carla Busquets-Cortés ◽  
Pere Riutord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
T Score ◽  
Crystallization Inhibitor ◽  
The Impact

Myo-inositol hexaphosphate (phytate; IP6) is a natural compound that is abundant in cereals, legumes, and nuts, and it can bind to crystal surfaces and disturb crystal development, acting as crystallization inhibitor. The adsorption of such inhibitors to crystal faces can also inhibit crystal dissolution. The binding of phytate to metal cofactors suggests that it could be used for treatment of osteoporosis. Our in-vitro study showed that phytate inhibits dissolution of hydroxyapatite (HAP). The effect of phytate was similar to that of alendronate and greater than that of etidronate. This led us to perform a cross-sectional study to investigate the impact of consumption of IP6 on bone mineral density (BMD) in post-menopausal women. Our data indicate that BMD and t-score of lumbar spine increased with increasing phytate consumption, and a phytate consumption higher than 307 mg/day was associated with a normal BMD (t-score > −1). These data suggest that phytate may have a protective effect in bone decalcification by adsorbing on the surfaces of HAP, and a daily consumption of phytate-rich foods (at least one serving/day of legumes or nuts) may help to prevent or minimize bone-loss disorders, such as osteoporosis. However, further studies are needed to gain a better understanding about the mechanism of inhibition of phytate in bone-related diseases (see graphical abstract).

scholarly journals Frequency of Low Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Ihsanullah Rajar ◽  
Nasrullah Aamer ◽  
Narindar Kumar ◽  
Prem Kumar ◽  
Kapeel Raja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
T Score ◽  
Low Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femur Neck

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the low bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methodology: This cross sectional study on 151 Liver cirrhotic patients was conducted at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad/Jamshoro. This study duration was 6 months, July 2015 to December 2015. The Assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) for each relevant patient was done using ultrasound impedance Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry  (DEXA) by senior pathologist having ≥05 years of experience, across the calcaneum, at lumbar spine  (LS) and femur neck (FN),  were computed by using computer supported device. The BMD was expressed in terms of T score. The WHO standard value was utilized to define the low BMD / osteoporosis is T score -1.5. Results: The mean age of subjects was 31.32±6.18 years. Out of all, 62.9% were males whereas 37.1% were females. About 21% patients had low/abnormal bone mineral density (BMD). Among these, 17.9% had bone mineral density (BMD) of -1.5 to -2.5 and 4% had BMD of <-2.5. Rest of 78.1% patients had a normal (>-1.5) bone mineral density (BMD). Majority of patients, 63.6% had a CTP grade B of liver cirrhosis, whereas 22.5% had A grade and 13.9% had C grade of liver cirrhosis. Conclusion: Conclusively, the risk of low bone mineral density (BMD) was evidently high for patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Male gender and age above 30 years were found at greater risk and CTP grade B of cirrhosis was most common.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of Ventilago maderspatana on Trichophyton rubrum - An in vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (05) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Rajalekshmi S ◽  
Beni PB ◽  
Gopikrishna S
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dermatophyte Species ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

The aim of the study was to contribute a single drug for specific dermatophyte species to encourage diagnosis specific treatment. The study had two arms one clinical part consisting of cross-sectional study of 80 participants and other part invitro study. The survey was conducted to know the prevalence of dermatophyte species among cutaneous dermatophytosis patients in Kottakkal population there by collecting the skin scrapings of the patients. As the second part of the study these skin scrapings were cultured in sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) and the species were inoculated from their and identified. Thus from 80 participants 2-genus and 6 different species were obtained. Trichophyton and microsporum were the genus and among Trichophyton 4 species like T.rubrum, T.mentagrophytes, T.tonsurans and T.verrucossum and Microsporum genus consists of M.canis and Microsporumaudouinii. First MIC was calculated and after that antifungal activity was done through the agar well diffusion method using ventilago maderaspattana extracts against fluconazole. Three different extracts were used chloroform, methanol and ethanol. In this article the action of easily available low polarity chloroform extract against the most prevalent species T. rubrum is highlighted because it shows the highest mean zone of inhibition in agar well diffusion method.

scholarly journals Osteoporosis in Surgical Menopause

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhana Kabir ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
T Score ◽  
Estrogen Level ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Group B

Background: Osteoporosis in both surgical and natural menopausal women are common health hazards all over the world. And the surgical menopausal women may have the greater chance of this disorder than those of natural menopausal women. Objective: To observe osteoporotic changes in both surgical and natural menopausal women in Bangladesh. Method: This Cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka between 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2010. A total number of 60 female subjects were included in this study. Among them 30 surgical menopausal women age ranged from 45-55 years were included in the study group (Group B) and 30 natural menopausal women age ranged from 50-60 years were taken as control (Group A). All the menopausal women were selected from Out Patient Department (OPD) of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital. Estimation of serum estrogen level by microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) method and T- score was obtained by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry of both natural and surgical menopausal women were done. The statistical analysis was done by using appropriate method as applicable. Results: In this study T- score of both spinal and femoral neck bone were significantly (p<0.001) lower in surgical menopausal women than those of natural menopausal women. Again, mean serum estrogen level was significantly (p<0.001) lower in surgical menopausal women than that of natural menopausal women. Conclusion: The present study revealed that surgical menopausal women have greater chance of osteoporosis than those of natural menopausal women. Key words: Menopause; Bone mineral density; Osteoporosis.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v6i1.8083 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2011 June; 6(1): 39-44

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Severe Proximal Humerus Fracture and Correlation Between Deltoid Tuberosity Index and Bone Mineral Density

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215145932093857
Author(s):  
Dong Min Kim ◽  
Dongjun Park ◽  
Hyojune Kim ◽  
Eui-Sup Lee ◽  
Myung Jin Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Proximal Humerus Fracture ◽  
Proximal Humerus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
T Score

Introduction: The aims of this study were to investigate (1) whether demographic factors would be risk factors for severe proximal humerus fracture (PHF), (2) relationship of radiological parameters with bone mineral density (BMD), deltoid tuberosity index (DTI), or severe PHF, and (3) correlation between DTI and BMD. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study based on radiographs and medical records taken during admission or the visit to the orthopedic clinic. We reviewed consecutive 100 adult patients who were diagnosed with PHF in our hospital from March 2014 to December 2016. Three- and 4-part fractures were regarded as severe PHFs. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate risk factors for severe PHF. Also, we investigated the correlation between BMD and DTI using the additional BMD data of the patients who underwent shoulder surgeries. Results: This study included 62 nonsevere PHFs and 38 severe PHFs. There were 30 male and 70 female patients with a mean age of 66.4 ± 16.4 years. Mean T score of BMD was −2.5 ± 0.9 at the time of injury. Logistic regression analyses showed that age (odds ratio: 1.044, range: 1.011-1.079, P = .009) and sex (odds ratio of females: 3.763, range: 1.236-11.459, P = .020) were related to severe PHF. The group satisfying the radiological parameter criteria had significantly higher rates of severe PHF. The correlation coefficient (r) between DTI and T score was 0.555 ( P < .001). Discussion and Conclusion: Older age and female were the independent risk factors for severe PHF. Conversely, BMD and other medical comorbidities were not risk factors for severe PHF. Deltoid tuberosity index showed significantly high intraclass correlation coefficient and a strong correlation with the T score of BMD. Therefore, DTI may be useful for screening osteoporosis in PHF patients. Level of Evidence: Level IV, Cross-sectional study.

Comparative Evaluation of the Amount of Sorption and Solubility Seen in Soft Liner with Herbal and Commercially Available Denture Cleanser - An In vitro Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 245-254
Author(s):  
Malika J. Sehgal ◽  
Surekha Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group A ◽  
Soft Liner ◽  
Soft Denture Liner ◽  
Group B

Aims: the aim of the current study is to assess the quantity of sorption and solubility seen in the soft denture liner with herbal (neem) and commercially (clinsodent) available denture cleanser. Materials and Methods: The cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Prosthodontics at Sharad Pawar Dental College And Hospital between February 2021 and July 2021. 52 samples of heat cured acrylic resin of circular shape were prepared using a stainless steel mould. The resilient liner was applied to all the samples using a denture adhesive. All samples will then be desiccated for 24 hours to get a stable or conditioned weight W1. The samples will then be divided into 2 groups namely: Group A (clinsodent group) and the Group B (herbal denture cleanser group). All the samples were immersed daily in cleanser for 8 hour and then transferred to artificial saliva for rest 16 hours of the day. Solutions of artificial saliva and denture cleanser was changed daily for the entire period of study that is 7 days. Later, all the test samples were removed from saliva, wiped dry, weighed for saturated weight W2. - After desiccating again for 24 hours the samples were again assessed for renovated weight that is W3. Results: With respect to sorption and solubility it was found that the clinsodent group exhibited greater percentage of sorption when compared to the neem denture cleanser group after a period of 7 days, p-values of 0.0001,S. Conclusion: It can be established that the solubility and sorption values of clinsodent group were higher when compared to the herbal denture cleanser group. Overall, neem in the form of denture cleanser performed better than clinsodent.

scholarly journals Clinical significance of GCF sIL-6R and calprotectin to evaluate the periodontal inflammation

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 664-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukari Kajiura ◽  
Jung-Hwan Lew ◽  
Takahisa Ikuta ◽  
Yasufumi Nishikawa ◽  
Jun-ichi Kido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Background Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the soluble form of interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) and calprotectin concentrations in gingival crevicular fluid are useful biomarkers in the evaluation of periodontitis. Methods First, a cross-sectional study was performed. A total of 34 periodontitis patients were enrolled and the gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from the healthy and inflamed sites of periodontal pockets in each patient. The relationship between periodontal condition and gingival crevicular fluid sIL-6R and calprotectin concentrations was analysed statistically. The cut-off values of gingival crevicular fluid sIL-6R and calprotectin concentrations for the evaluation of periodontitis were determined using a receiver operating characteristic curve. Next, by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, it was examined whether calprotectin induces sIL-6R production in THP-1 macrophages. Results Both gingival crevicular fluid sIL-6R and calprotectin concentrations were significantly higher in the inflamed sites than in the healthy sites ( P < 0.0001). The cut-off values of gingival crevicular fluid sIL-6R and calprotectin concentrations for the evaluation of periodontal inflammation were as follows: sIL-6R: 43.5 pg/site; calprotectin: 134.3 ng/site. In the in vitro study, calprotectin significantly induced sIL-6R production in THP-1 macrophages ( P < 0.01). Conclusions Both gingival crevicular fluid sIL-6R and calprotectin concentrations are significant biomarkers in the evaluation of periodontal inflammation.

ASYMMETRY OF BONE MINERAL DENSITY OF THE HIPS IN PATIENTS WITH UNILATERAL KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 1150005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Ashraf ◽  
Seyed Mostafa Jazayeri Shooshtari ◽  
Kaynoosh Homayouni ◽  
Sharareh Roshanzamir ◽  
Mohsen Zafarghasempoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
T Score

Background: Osteoarthritis of any joint may exert different effects on bone mineral density that may be the result of several mechanisms including change in the pattern of weight load distribution. In this cross-sectional study we tried to find correlations between unilateral knee osteoarthritis and bone mineral density of hips and lumbar vertebrae. Methods: Forty three patients with knee osteoarthritis (unilateral or more severe in one side) were recruited in this study. The American college of Rheumatology Criteria was followed for the diagnosis of osteoarthritis. Dual X-Ray absorptiometry was used to obtain the T score and the Z score of the hips and lumbar vertebrae. Results: The T score and Z score of the hip and T score of the femoral neck, at the side with ipsilateral knee osteoarthritis was lower than the other side (p < 0.05). The mean Z score and T score of the vertebrae was negative irrespective of the side of osteoarthritis. Conclusions: Bone mineral density of the hip with ipsilateral knee osteoarthritis was lower than the other side, which suggests that BMD may be sensitive to some extent in detecting osteoporosis in these patients; it has also been observed that osteoarthritis might not affect bone mineral density of the hips and lumbar vertebrae in the same manner or to the same extent.

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Low Bone Mineral Density in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A275-A276
Author(s):  
Julie-Catherine Coll ◽  
Élodie Garceau ◽  
Laëtitia Michou ◽  
S John Weisnagel ◽  
Fabrice Mac-Way ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
T Score ◽  
The Past

Abstract Context: Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a two- to threefold increase in fracture risk at any site, and up to a sevenfold increase in hip fracture risk compared to those without diabetes. The mechanisms accounting for this bone fragility are not yet fully understood. Objectives: 1) To determine factors associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with T1D; 2) To assess the association between skin advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and low BMD in patients with T1D. Methods: These are preliminary data from patients with T1D included in a cross-sectional study aiming at comparing the prevalence of vertebral fractures between adult patients with T1D from two tertiary care centers and age- and sex-matched controls without diabetes. Patients were eligible if they were aged ≥20 years and had a diagnosis of T1D for at least 5 years. Patients were classified as having a low BMD if Z-score was ≤-2.0 at any site (lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, radius) in patients aged &lt;50 years or if T-score was ≤-1.0 at any site in patients aged ≥50 years or in postmenopausal women. Skin AGEs (surrogate marker of overall including bone AGEs) were measured by skin autofluorescence (AGE Reader ®). Unpaired t-tests or Chi-squared tests were used to compare characteristics between patients with or without a low BMD. Variables associated with a low BMD were determined by univariate analysis and were subsequently included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis if p&lt;0.1 in the univariate analysis. All variables were tested for multicollinearity. Results: 106 patients with T1D were included (mean age 45.2±15.0 years; mean BMI 26.3±5.1 kg/m2; 54.7% women; mean duration of diabetes 28.2±13.6 years; 44.3% with a microvascular complication). Mean HbA1C over the past 3 years was 7.5±0.8%. A third of the patients (31.1%) had a low BMD (3 patients using Z-score; 30 patients using T-score). Patients with a low BMD were older (58.3 vs 39.3 years, p&lt;0.001), had a lower mean HbA1C over the past 3 years (7.3% vs 7.6%, p=0.047), a longer diabetes duration (36.1 vs 24.6 years, p&lt;0.001), higher skin AGEs (2.50 vs 2.03, p&lt;0.001), a higher prevalence of microvascular complications (63.6% vs 37.7%, p=0.02) and a higher prevalence of abnormal albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR ≥2.0) on the day of assessment (38.7% vs 11.8%, p=0.003). In multivariate regression analysis, age (p&lt;0.001), abnormal ACR (p=0.003) and lower mean HbA1C over the past 3 years (p=0.02) remained significantly associated with a low BMD. Skin AGEs were correlated with age (r=0.56) and diabetes duration (r=0.47). Conclusion: In this population with T1D, a low BMD was independently associated with older age, abnormal ACR and, unexpectedly, with a lower mean HbA1C over the past 3 years, but not with skin AGEs.

scholarly journals Alkaline phosphatase is a predictor of Bone Mineral Density in postmenopausal females

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundus Tariq ◽  
Saba Tariq ◽  
Khalid Parvez Lone ◽  
Saba Khaliq
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
T Score

Objectives: The study was planned to determine whether serum calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) are predictors of bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal non-osteoporotic, osteopenic, and osteoporotic females. Methods: In this cross sectional study, conducted at Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore in the year 2014-2015, postmenopausal females between 50-70 years of age were taken and divided into three groups non-osteoporotic (n=52), osteopenic (n=69) and osteoporotic (n=47). Serum ALP, phosphate and calcium were used in a stepwise multiple regression analysis to predict T-score in these groups. Results: In normal postmenopausal females, the prediction model was statistically significant, F(2, 41) = 6.041, p < 0.05 and showed a T-score variance of 22%. T-score was primarily predicted by higher levels of phosphate and calcium. In postmenopausal osteopenic females, T-score was only predicted by lower levels of ALP. The model was statistically significant, F(1, 59) = 4.995, p < 0.05, and accounted for approximately 7% of the variance of T-score. In postmenopausal osteoporotic females, the prediction model contained no predictors. Conclusion: Our study suggested that calcium and phosphate are the strongest predictors of T-score in postmenopausal normal females, while in postmenopausal osteopenic females ALP was the strongest predictor of T-score. Elevated serum ALP levels may help in determining loss of BMD in postmenopausal females. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.188 How to cite this:Tariq S, Tariq S, Lone KP, Khaliq S. Alkaline phosphatase is a predictor of Bone Mineral Density in postmenopausal females. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.188 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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