scholarly journals Extracellular Vesicle Isolation Yields Increased by Low-Temperature Gaseous Plasma Treatment of Polypropylene Tubes

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matic Resnik ◽  
Janez Kovač ◽  
Roman Štukelj ◽  
Veronika Kralj-Iglič ◽  
Petr Humpolíček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Surface Binding ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Gaseous Plasma

Novel Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) based diagnostic techniques are promising non-invasive procedures for early stage disease detection which are gaining importance in the medical field. EVs are cell derived particles found in body liquids, especially blood, from which they are isolated for further analysis. However, techniques for their isolation are not fully standardized and require further improvement. Herein modification of polypropylene (PP) tubes by cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet (APPJ) is suggested to minimize the EVs to surface binding and thus increase EVs isolation yields. The influence of gaseous plasma treatment on surface morphology was studied by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), changes in surface wettability by measuring the Water Contact Angle (WCA), while surface chemical changes were analyzed by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Moreover, PP tubes from different manufacturers were compared. The final isolation yields of EVs were evaluated by flow cytometry. The results of this study suggest that gaseous plasma treatment is an intriguing technique to uniformly alter surface properties of PP tubes and improve EVs isolation yields up to 42%.

Ethanol Pretreatment on Etching of Nylon 6 Films Using Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 593-598
Author(s):  
Qiu Yuan Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Ethanol Pretreatment

The absorbed liquids in the substrate material may have a potential influence on atmospheric pressure plasma treatment. In order to investigate how the influence of ethanol pretreatment affects atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, nylon 6 films were treated by helium/oxygen plasma using atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ). Water contact angle of the ethanol pretreated samples was close to that of the control. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the ethanol pretreated sample surface had a little change on the surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the carbon component decreased and the oxygen component increased after plasma treatment. With the ethanol pretreatment, the T-peel strength values for the samples were similar to that of the control.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Properties of Plasma-Polymerized Methyl Methacrylate via the Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Polymerization Technique

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choon-Sang Park ◽  
Eun Jung ◽  
Hyo Jang ◽  
Gyu Bae ◽  
Bhum Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Pinhole free layers are needed in order to prevent oxygen and water from damaging flexible electrical and bio-devices. Although polymerized methyl methacrylate (polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA) for the pinhole free layer has been studied extensively in the past, little work has been done on synthesizing films of this material using atmospheric pressure plasma-assisted electro-polymerization. Herein, we report the synthesis and properties of plasma-PMMA (pPMMA) synthesized using the atmospheric pressure plasma-assisted electro-polymerization technique at room temperature. According to the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) results, the characteristic peaks from the pPMMA polymer chain were shown to have been detected. The results indicate that the percentage of hydrophobic groups (C–C and C–H) is greater than that of hydrophilic groups (C–O and O–C=O). The field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and thickness measurement results show that the surface morphology is quite homogenous and amorphous in nature, and the newly proposed pPMMA film at a thickness of 1.5 µm has high transmittance (about 93%) characteristics. In addition, the results of water contact angle tests show that pPMMA thin films can improve the hydrophobicity.

scholarly journals Surface Physical and Chemical Modification of Pure Iron by Using Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4775
Author(s):  
Jinxing Kong ◽  
Dongxing Du ◽  
Aisheng Song ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Wen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Pure Iron ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Surface Wettability ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Surface Binding ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Iron Material

To investigate the mechanism of surface modification of pure iron by atmospheric pressure plasma treatment (APPT), the surface wettability of pure iron was characterized by using a contact-angle measuring instrument, and the mechanical properties of pure iron were measured by a tensile testing machine and nanoindentation instrument. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to explain the modification mechanism of the surface wettability and the mechanical behavior of pure iron by APPT. The experimental results show that pure iron treated by APPT is superhydrophilic, with reduced tensile strength and surface hardness. This result agrees with the molecular dynamics simulation, which shows that the pure iron material hydrophilicity improved after APPT. The behavior was attributed to the formation of hydrogen bonds on the surface of the pure iron after APPT. The surface binding energy of the pure iron material increased between the water molecule and the residual N atom that was induced by APPT. The N atom that was introduced by the APPT led to Fe bond fracture, and the N atom reduced the Fe bond strength, which resulted in a reduction of material yield strength and microhardness.

scholarly journals In Situ Surface Modification of Paper-Based Relics with Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment for Preservation Purposes

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 786
Author(s):  
Xu Yan ◽  
Guo-Sai Liu ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Yi Pu ◽  
Shuo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Water Penetration ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Static Water

Paper-based relics, which are an important part of cultural heritage worldwide, are at risk of imminent damage from various environmental sources. To protect them, the atmospheric pressure plasma polymerization of hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) precursor has been explored on paper-based relics in situ. The macro and micro images taken during this process suggest that the in situ plasma treatment does not change the macro morphology and the micro structure of the treated paper-based relic samples. On the other hand, plasma treatment causes the polymerization of the HMDSO which then produces nanoparticles deposited onto the paper-based relics. These nanoparticles provide good waterproof properties with large static water contact angles and smaller rolling angles, which protect the paper-based relics from water penetration. Moreover, since the nanoparticles are deposited onto the fibers, waterproof fastness is ensured. Also, the examined mechanical properties of the treated and untreated paper-based relics indicate that the atmospheric pressure plasma treatment does not affect the strength of the paper very much. The results in this study show that atmospheric pressure plasma treatment with the use of HMDSO precursor is a good method to preserve paper-based relics.

scholarly journals Surface Activation of Polylactic Acid-Based Wood-Plastic Composite by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 4673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Sauerbier ◽  
Robert Köhler ◽  
Gerrit Renner ◽  
Holger Militz
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Dbd Plasma ◽  
Plastic Composite

Wood-plastic composite (WPC) based on a polylactic acid (PLA) matrix is a promising material since it is biobased, degradable, sustainable, and 3D printable. However, due to its coloring, visible layers after 3D-printing, and small build volumes of these printers, a coating or gluing of parts might be required. This study investigates the influence of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma treatment of PLA-based WPC to activate the surface and improve, e.g., coating capabilities. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements showed the oxidation of the surface due to the formation of carbonyl and carboxyl groups. Laser scanning microscopy revealed a surface roughening after the treatment. Contact angles of water and diiodomethane decreased significantly after the plasma treatment and the consecutively calculated surface free energy increased. Finally, two practical adhesion tests revealed an improvement of the applied acrylic dispersion coating’s adhesion to the WPC surface: The assigned cross-cut class improved, and the pull-off strength increased from 1.4 to 2.3 N/mm2.

scholarly journals Germination of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Seeds after a Short Treatment with a Powerful RF Plasma

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6672
Author(s):  
Nina Recek ◽  
Matej Holc ◽  
Alenka Vesel ◽  
Rok Zaplotnik ◽  
Peter Gselman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Rf Plasma ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Short Treatment ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Radicle Growth

Seeds of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), of the Etna variety, were treated with low-pressure oxygen plasma sustained by an inductively coupled radiofrequency discharge in the H-mode for a few seconds. The high-intensity treatment improved seed health in regard to fungal contamination. Additionally, it increased the wettability of the bean seeds by altering surface chemistry, as established by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and increasing surface roughness, as seen with a scanning electron microscope. The water contact angle at the seed surface dropped to immeasurably low values after a second of plasma treatment. Hydrophobic recovery within a month returned those values to no more than half of the original water contact angle, even for beans treated for the shortest time (0.5 s). Increased wettability resulted in accelerated water uptake. The treatment increased the bean radicle length, which is useful for seedling establishment in the field. These findings confirm that even a brief plasma treatment is a useful technique for the disinfection and stimulation of radicle growth. The technique is scalable to large systems due to the short treatment times.

The influence of surface hydrophilicity on the adhesion properties of wet fabrics or films to water

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Lou ◽  
Yiping Qiu ◽  
Feng Ji ◽  
Xiaohang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Adhesion Force ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Atomic Ratio ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Theoretical Expression ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Fabric Materials ◽  
The Relationship

The adherence of wet fabrics to the skin brings much discomfort. The relationship between hydrophilicity and adhesion properties of fabric materials is investigated. A theoretical expression is given to describe the relationship of adhesion force, water contact angle (WCA), and radius of fabric–liquid interface. The adhesion force grows with decreasing WCA and increasing radius of the fabric–liquid interface. With the help of atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) treatment, the hydrophilicity of the fabric materials is improved, accompanied by reduced WCA, roughened fiber surfaces, as observed by scanning electronic microscope (SEM), and increased Oxygen/Carbon (O/C) atomic ratio and polar bonds, analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In accordance with the theoretical conclusion, the APPJ treated fabrics have a much larger maximum adhesion force and longer adhesion duration with water, indicating more discomfort resulting from the increase of hydrophilicity when they are wet. To minimize the discomfort caused by wet adhesion, less hydrophilic fabric surfaces may be preferred.

Influence of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Pre-Treatment on Sodium Bicarbonate Desizing of Polyacrylate on PET Fabrics

2011 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 718-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Ming Li ◽  
Yi Ping Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of He/O2 atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) treatment on subsequent wet desizing of polyarylate from PET fabrics was studied in present paper. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed an increased surface roughness after the plasma treatment. And SEM results also showed that the fiber surfaces were as clean as unsized fibers surfaces after 35s treatment followed by NaHCO3 desizing. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that oxygen-based functional groups increased for the plasma treated polyacrylate sized fabrics. The percent desizing ratio (PDR) results showed that more than 99% PDR was achieved after 65s plasma treatment followed by a 5min NaHCO3 desizing.

The Treatment of Early-Stage Germ Cell Tumors of the Testis (GCTT)

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Roberto Salvioni ◽  
Nicola Nicolai ◽  
Andrea Necchi ◽  
Tullio Torelli ◽  
Luigi Piva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Appropriateness Of Care ◽  
Stage Disease

The treatment of tumors of the testis represents an ideal model of care for cancer. Many different, intersecting strategies are available for managing germ-cell cancers, particularly in the early-stage disease. Which is ‘right’ remains a matter of debate, and requires balancing efficacy against late effects, bearing in mind the complexity of treatment strategies and the available expertise. The cornerstone of this model of success is linked to the quality and appropriateness of care. The current therapeutic strategy is very complex (Fig. 1). High-tech surgery, medical oncology and radiotherapy are involved at various levels of diagnostic techniques of the latest generation. The choice of therapy, alone or integrated, is often influenced by prognostic factors. In this article we will examine the important points and sometimes the subject of controversy in both diagnosis and treatment of these early-stage tumors (Clinical Stage I: disease confined to the testis; Clinical Stage IIA: retroperitoneal lymph nodes <2 cm).

Preparation Of Moisture Resistant Polylmide Films By Plasma Treatment

1991 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Petrich ◽  
Hsueh Yi Lu
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Moisture Resistance ◽  
Polyimide Films ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Microelectronics Fabrication ◽  
Processing Techniques

ABSTRACTPolyimides are an important class of polymeric materials used in microelectronics fabrication. These polymers could be used even more extensively if it were possible to improve their moisture resistance. We are using plasma processing techniques to modify the moisture resistance of polyimide films. Films are exposed to nitrogen trifluoride plasmas to introduce fluorine into the surface of the polyimide. Fluorination is monitored with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy. Water contact angle measurements are used to assess the hydrophobicity of the treated surfaces. Thus far, we have demonstrated that this plasma treatment is a good way of introducing fluorine into the polyimide surface, and that these treatments do enhance the hydrophobic nature of polyimide.

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