scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Magnetic Oil Palm Empty Fruits Bunch Cellulose Nanofiber Composite as a Bio-Sorbent for Cu(II) and Cr(VI) Removal

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Aina Mardhia Khalid ◽  
Md. Sohrab Hossain ◽  
Norli Ismail ◽  
Nor Afifah Khalil ◽  
Venugopal Balakrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Cellulose Nanofiber ◽  
Kinetics Model ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In the present study, magnetic oil palm empty fruits bunch cellulose nanofiber (M-OPEFB-CNF) composite was isolated by sol-gel method using cellulose nanofiber (CNF) obtained from oil palm empty fruits bunch (OPEFB) and Fe3O4 as magnetite. Several analytical methods were utilized to characterize the mechanical, chemical, thermal, and morphological properties of the isolated CNF and M-OPEFB-CNF. Subsequently, the isolated M-OPEFB-CNF composite was utilized for the adsorption of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) from aqueous solution with varying parameters, such as pH, adsorbent doses, treatment time, and temperature. Results showed that the M-OPEFB-CNF as an effective bio-sorbent for the removal of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The adsorption isotherm modeling revealed that the Freundlich equation better describes the adsorption of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) on M-OPEFB-CNF composite. The kinetics studies revealed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model was a better-described kinetics model for the removal of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) using M-OPEFB-CNF composite as bio-sorbent. The findings of the present study showed that the M-OPEFB-CNF composite has the potential to be utilized as a bio-sorbent for heavy metals removal.

Removal of Lead (II) Ion from Aqueous Solution Using Ga-Doped ZnO and Ca-Doped ZnO Nanopowder

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 573-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imed Ghiloufi ◽  
Jaber El Ghoul ◽  
Abu-Eliz Modwi ◽  
Ibrahim AlShunaifi ◽  
Lassaad El Mir
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Zinc Acetate Dihydrate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Supercritical Drying ◽  
Lead Ions ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Gallium Nitrate ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Chloride Hexahydrate ◽  
Doped Zno

AbstractThe present work investigates the performance of Ga-doped ZnO (GZO) and Ca-doped ZnO (CZ) nanopowders as an efficient nanomaterials for the removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions. The sol–gel method was used to synthesise the nanoparticles from zinc acetate dihydrate. To incorporate Ca and Ga in ZnO, adequate quantities of calcium chloride hexahydrate and gallium nitrate hydrate were added to ZnO, and supercritical drying conditions of ethyl alcohol were used. Different Ca and Ga concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 at.%) were used to synthesise CZ and GZO. The structural and morphological properties of the as-prepared nanoparticles were determined using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Batch-mode experiments were used to remove lead from aqueous solution and to determine the adsorption equilibrium isotherms of lead ions using ZnO doped by 3 at.% of weight of Ca (CZ3) and Ga (GZO3). The effects of temperature, contact time, and pH on the removal of lead ions from aqueous solution by CZ3 and GZO3 were studied.

Highly effective removal of Cu(II) in aqueous solution by using mesoporous TiO2

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 884-891
Author(s):  
Daying Chen ◽  
Nasi Tu ◽  
Changkun Si ◽  
Meilin Yin ◽  
Xiaohui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Mesoporous Tio2 ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Gel Processing

Abstract Mesoporous TiO2 has been prepared by a brief and simple sol–gel processing and applied for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution. The adsorption behavior of mesoporous TiO2 for Cu(II) was investigated using batch experiments. Results showed that the pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm were more accurate to describe the kinetics process and adsorption isotherm. Mesoporous TiO2 adsorbent displayed excellent Cu(II) adsorption efficiency (195.52mg g−1). The thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. It was also found that mesoporous TiO2 could be used at least seven times without obvious loss of its original adsorption efficiency. Therefore, the obtained mesoporous TiO2 could be employed as an effective and low-cost adsorbent for removal of Cu(II) from contaminated effluents.

scholarly journals Equilibrium, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies on the Adsorption of Cadmium from Aqueous Solution by Modified Biomass Ash

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Xu ◽  
Xuebo Zheng ◽  
Hongbiao Cui ◽  
Zhenqiu Zhu ◽  
Jiani Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Biomass Ash ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Kinetic And Thermodynamic Studies

Natural biomass ash of agricultural residuals was collected from a power plant and modified with hexagonal mesoporous silica and functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The physicochemical and morphological properties of the biomass ash were analyzed by ICP-OES, SEM, TEM-EDS, FTIR, and BET analysis. The adsorption behavior of the modified product for Cd2+ in aqueous solution was studied as a function of pH, initial metal concentration, equilibrium time, and temperature. Results showed that the specific surface area of the modified product was 9 times that of the natural biomass ash. The modified biomass ash exhibited high affinity for Cd2+ and its adsorption capacity increased sharply with increasing pH from 4.0 to 6.0. The maximum adsorption capacity was 23.95 mg/g in a pH 5 solution with an initial metal concentration of 50 mg/L and a contact time of 90 min. The adsorption of Cd2+ onto the modified biomass ash was well fitted to the Langmuir model and it followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Thermodynamic analysis results showed that the adsorption of Cd2+ was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The results suggest that the modified biomass ash is promising for use as an inexpensive and effective adsorbent for Cd2+ removal from aqueous solution.

Adsorption of gold(III) on ionic imprinted amino-silica hybrid prepared from rice hull ash

2012 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satya Candra Wibawa Sakti ◽  
Dwi Siswanta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Rice Hull ◽  
Rice Hull Ash ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Gel Technique ◽  
Silica Hybrid

In this research, the adsorption of Au(III) ion on ionic imprinted amino-silica hybrid (Im-ASH) in aqueous solution has been studied. Im-ASH was synthesized via sol-gel technique using a solution of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) from rice hull ash (RHA) as the precursor and Au(III) ion as the template. Adsorption was carried out in a batch system with variation of pH, contact time, and Au(III) ion concentration. The selectivity of adsorbent toward Au(III) was examined in the presence of Cu(II) ion. The result of the kinetic study demonstrated that the adsorption of Au(III) ion followed pseudo-second order. The optimum adsorption of Au(III) on Im-ASH and non-Im-ASH was obtained at pH of 3.0. Im-ASH was twice as selective toward Au(III) ion than ASH was.

Fabrication of a novel graphene oxide/β-FeOOH composite and its adsorption behavior for copper ions from aqueous solution

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (22) ◽  
pp. 10448-10456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingshun Jiang ◽  
Lu Yan ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Yingying Li ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Behavior ◽  
Kinetics Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

A graphene oxide/β-FeOOH composite was prepared and its adsorption capacity was evaluated by Cu2+removal. The adsorption process was well fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The removal rate of Cu2+reached 93.8%.

Study on Adsorption of Mercury from Aqueous Solution on Activated Carbons Prepared from Palm Kernel Shell

2018 ◽  
Vol 783 ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Nor Salmi Abdullah ◽  
Syazrin Syima Sharifuddin ◽  
Mohd. Hazwan Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The adsorption ability of powdered activated carbons (PAC) derived from palm kernel shell (PKS) was investigated. PAC was prepared by chemical activation method using ZnCl2as an activating agents. The adsorption studies of Hg(II) was carried out under control condition with constant pH, solution temperature (30 °C), treatment time (90 min) and absorbent dosage (2.0 g L-1). It was revealed that PAC efficiently removed as much as 10 mg L-1of Hg(II) with the percentage of removal up to 97.7 %. Both Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were used to explain the adsorption behavior. Freundlich model was found to be fitted well and favored multilayer adsorption. The kinetics data were fitted with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order, and it was found to obeys the pseudo-second order kinetic order. Recent finding suggest that PKS has the potential to be a promising precursor for the production of activated carbon with the excellent adsorption capacity to remove Hg(II) from aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Oil Palm Frond (OPF) Based Silica Nanomaterial via Sol-gel Method with Enhanced Phenol Removal

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
N. S. Osman ◽  
M. L. Ismail ◽  
N. Sapawe
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
Oil Palm Industry ◽  
Palm Frond

This research investigates the potential of the oil palm frond (OPF), a well-known biomass from the oil palm industry, as a feasible silica precursor that can be utilised in the removal of phenol from an aqueous solution. Dried OPF was combusted to obtain OPF ash that was treated with citric acid before being synthesised as silica nanomaterial via the sol-gel method. The FTIR results of synthesised silica exhibit a similar peak with commercially available silica. Silica material was then used for phenol removal under different parameters including pH, contact time, dosage, concentration, and temperature, then analysed using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The optimum condition was obtained at pH 7 within 45 mins of contact time using 0.2 g/L silica dosage under 10 ppm of phenol concentration at 303 K that aid in enhancing phenol removal by the OPF-based silica. At this condition, silica nanomaterial successfully removed up to 68% of phenol in an aqueous solution with adsorption capacity of the adsorbent is within the range of 34 mg/g. These results demonstrate the potential application of silica nanomaterial from OPF as an adsorbent in phenol removal from wastewater.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Cu2+ to biomass ash and its modified product

2018 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Xu ◽  
Hongbiao Cui ◽  
Xuebo Zheng ◽  
Jiani Liang ◽  
Xiangyu Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Adsorption Property ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Biomass Ash ◽  
Adsorption Characteristics ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Biomass Power Plants

Abstract Ash produced by biomass power plants has great potential for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution. The pollution of toxic heavy metals to water is a worldwide environmental problem. Discharges containing copper, in particular, are strictly controlled because the excessive copper can cause serious harm to the environment and human health. This work aims to investigate the adsorption characteristics of copper ions in aqueous solution by biomass ash and the modified products, and to evaluate their potential application in water pollution control. The biomass ash was modified with a mesoporous siliceous material and functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The surface properties of the biomass ash and the new matrix were studied to evaluate their adsorption property for Cu2+ ions at different pHs, initial metal concentrations and the thermodynamic and kinetic were studied. The chemical and morphological properties of this modified material are analyzed; the specific surface area of the modified biomass ash was nine times that of the initial ash. Both of the two materials showed a strong affinity for Cu2+, and the Langmuir model could best represent the adsorption characteristics of Cu2+ on the two kinds of materials. The adsorption capacity of copper on the material increased with the increase of pH and pH 6 was the optimum pH. Thermodynamic analysis results showed that the adsorption of Cu2+ was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The adsorptions of Cu2+ onto the modified biomass ash followed pseudo-second-order kinetics.

Characterization of ultrasound-treated oil palm empty fruit bunch-glass fiber-recycled polypropylene hybrid composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad R. Islam ◽  
Makson Rivai ◽  
Arun Gupta ◽  
Mohammad Dalour H. Beg
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene

Abstract Glass fiber (GF) and ultrasound-treated oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) were used to prepare recycled polypropylene (RPP)-based hybrid composites through the extrusion and injection molding technique. The ultrasound technique was used to remove the lignin and other surface impurities from the EFB fiber by varying the treatment conditions (treatment time and temperature). A fixed concentration (10%) of NaOH solution was used as the treatment medium. Fiber loading was considered as 40%, while EFB and GF ratio was maintained as 70:30. Two types of coupling agents of maleic anhydride grafted PP (MAPP), Polybond and Fusabond, were used, each of an amount 2.5% (of the total fiber content), to improve the interfacial adhesion between fibers and matrix. Composites were characterized through density, melt flow index (MFI), tensile, flexural and Izod impact testing. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also performed to evaluate the thermal and morphological properties, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to evaluate the crystalline structure of the samples. Finally, water uptake (WU) measurement was performed for 180 days of soaking period. Result analyses revealed improved mechanical, thermal and crystalline properties, with reduced WU as the outcome of treatment and coupling agent effects.

scholarly journals Sorption of rare-earth erbium from aqueous solution onto sol-gel-derived zirconia

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafisa Salem ◽  
Sobhy Yakout
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Particle Diffusion ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Zirconia Powder ◽  
Erbium Ions ◽  
Homogeneous Particle ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Alkaline Range

Zirconia powder was synthesized via sol gel method and used for erbium sorption. The adsorption is strongly dependent on pH of the medium where the removal efficiency increases as the pH turns to alkaline range. The process was very fast initially and maximum adsorption was attained within 60 min of contact. Pseudo-second-order model and homogeneous particle diffusion model (HPDM) was found to be the best to correlate the diffusion of erbium into zirconia particles. Adsorption thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Erbium adsorption is an endothermic (?H > 0) and good affinity of erbium ions towards the zirconia (?S > 0).

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