scholarly journals Effect of Heat Treatment and Light Exposure on the Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoids

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1078
Author(s):  
Irina Ioannou ◽  
Leila Chekir ◽  
Mohamed Ghoul
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Model Solution ◽  
A Value ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Diammonium Salt ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Food Processes

The application of food processes can lead to a modification of both the structure and the activities of flavonoids. In this article, the effect of heat treatment and exposure to light on the antioxidant activity of 6 model flavonoid solutions (rutin, naringin, eriodictyol, mesquitol, luteolin, and luteolin 7-O-glucoside) was studied. The evolution of the antioxidant activity measured after heat treatment of 130 °C at 2 h and an exposure to visible light for 2 weeks is measured by the ABTS (2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) method and represented by a new parameter called ΔTEAC. The model solution of Mesquitol showed the highest increase in ΔTEAC after a heat treatment, a value of 200 mM was obtained. The increase in ΔTEAC is always greater with thermal treatment than with light exposure. Thus, temperature and light lead to different degradation pathways of the flavonoid. In vivo measurements were carried out with solutions of naringin, erodictyol, and luteolin 7-O-glucoside. Heated solutions of flavonoids do not exhibit toxicity on cells. The specific activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxide have been determined and have shown an increased impact on the potential anti-cancer of these solutions by enhancing their cellular antioxidant activity, as well as modulation of the oxidative stress.

scholarly journals LOWERING URIC ACID EFFICACY TEST OF THE COMBINED EXTRACT OF UNCARIA GAMBIR (HUNTER) ROXB. AND CAESALPINIA SAPPAN L. IN VIVO AND IN VITRO

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Sri Ningsih ◽  
Fahri Fahrudin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Caesalpinia Sappan ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
A Value

 Objective: Hyperuricemia (high uric acid levels) prevalence increased year by year. This study was aimed to elaborate the in vitro xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity and in vivo lowering hyperuricemic effect of Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb) (gambir), Caesalpinia sappan L. (secang) and the combined extract of secang and gambir (formulae extract [FE]).Methods: Gambir and secang extracts were prepared by maceration with ethanol and FE was the proportioned combination of these two extracts. XO inhibitory activity was determined by measuring the formation of uric acid in the xanthine/XO system in vitro using allopurinol as a positive control at 100 ug/mL. Antioxidant activity was by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical reducing methods. The in vivo experiments were conducted in the oxonate-induced hyperuricemia rat model, in which FE was gavaged p.o. at the arrange dose of 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg bw for 2 weeks. Polyphenol content was measured using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent spectrophotometrically.Results: The XO inhibitory activity of FE was 80% of allopurinol, while secang and gambir were 98% and 50%, respectively. The strength was appropriate to the total polyphenol content, in which it decreased in the order of secang (99%) > FE (86%) > gambir (46%). Furthermore, FE at all tested doses was able to decrease uric acid levels. FE also demonstrated antioxidant activity with a value of 74% relative to Vitamin C at 4 ug/mL.Conclusion: These studies could be concluded that FE exhibited the ability to decrease uric acid level so that it was potential to be developed further as a uric acid-lowering agent.

Herbosomes enhances in vivo antioxidant activity of Punica granatum extracts

Planta Medica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Vora ◽  
V Londhe ◽  
N Pandita
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Punica Granatum

A New Model for Quantitative In Vivo Microscopic Analysis of Thrombus Formation and Vascular Recanalisation: The Ear of the Hairless (hr/hr) Mouse

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (05) ◽  
pp. 1408-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Roesken ◽  
Martin Ruecker ◽  
Brigitte Vollmar ◽  
Nicole Boeckel ◽  
Eberhard Morgenstern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Vascular Perfusion ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Endothelial Cell Interaction ◽  
Platelet Deposition

SummaryThe alteration of rheological blood properties as well as deterioration of vascular perfusion conditions and cell-cell interactions are major determinants of thrombus formation. Herein, we present an experimental model which allows for quantitative in vivo microscopic analysis of these determinants during both thrombus formation and vascular recanalisation. The model does not require surgical preparation procedures, and enables for repeated analysis of identical microvessels over time periods of days or months, respectively. After i.v. administration of FITC-dextran thrombus formation was induced photochemically by light exposure to individual arterioles and venules of the ear of ten anaesthetised hairless mice. In venules, epiillumination induced rapid thrombus formation with first platelet deposition after 0.59 ± 0.04 min and complete vessel occlusion within 7.48 ±1.31 min. After a 24-h time period, 75% of the thrombosed venules were found recanalised. Marked leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction in those venules indicated persistent endothelial cell activation and/or injury, even after an observation period of 7 days. In arterioles, epi-illumination provoked vasomotion, while thrombus formation was significantly (p <0.05) delayed with first platelet deposition after 2.32 ± 0.22 min and complete vessel occlusion within 20.07 ±3.84 min. Strikingly, only one of the investigated arterioles was found recanalised after 24 h, which, however, did not show leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction. Heparin (300 U/kg, i.v.) effectively counteracted the process of thrombus formation in this model, including both first platelet deposition and vessel occlusion. We conclude that the model of the ear of the hairless mouse allows for distinct in vivo analysis of arteriolar and venular thrombus formation/ recanalisation, and, thus, represents an interesting tool for the study of novel antithrombotic and thrombolytic strategies, respectively.

Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic Content and Hematoprotective Effects of Cleome arabica Polyphenolic Leaf Extract

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tigrine ◽  
A. Kameli
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Hematological Toxicity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ferrous Ions ◽  
Polyphenolic Extract ◽  
Cleome Arabica

In this study a polyphenolic extract from Cleome arabica leaves (CALE) was investigated for its antioxidant activity in vitro using DPPH•, metal chelating and reducing power methods and for its protective effects against AraC-induced hematological toxicity in vivo using Balb C mice. Results indicated that CALE exhibited a strong and dose-dependent scavenging activity against the DPPH• free radical (IC50 = 4.88 μg/ml) and a high reducing power activity (EC50 = 4.85 μg/ml). Furthermore, it showed a good chelating effects against ferrous ions (IC50 = 377.75 μg/ml). The analysis of blood showed that subcutaneous injection of AraC (50 mg/kg) to mice during three consecutive days caused a significant myelosupression (P < 0.05). The combination of CALE and AraC protected blood cells from a veritable toxicity. Where, the number of the red cells, the amount of hemoglobin and the percentage of the hematocrite were significantly high. On the other hand, AraC cause an elevation of body temperature (39 °C) in mice. However, the temperature of the group treated with CALE and AraC remained normal and did not exceed 37.5 °C. The observed biological effects of CALE, in vitro as well as in vivo, could be due to the high polyphenol and flavonoid contents. In addition, the antioxidant activity of CALE suggested to be responsible for its hematoprotective effect.

Development of Single-step Protocols for the Separation of Naphtodianthrones from St. John�s Wort Extracts

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2295-2299
Author(s):  
Elena Ionescu ◽  
Tanta Verona Iordache ◽  
Carmen Elena Tebrencu ◽  
Ruxandra Mihaela Cretu ◽  
Ana Mihaela Florea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum L

St. John s Wort (SJW) or Hypericum perforatum L. is a therapeutic plant highly used in pharmacology. Recent in vivo anti-cancer action of naphtodianthrones (NTs) has extended the research related to enrichment methodologies of SJW phyto-extracts. Therefore, the presented study pursuits the optimization of single-step extraction methodologies to obtain NTs-rich extracts from SJW.

Ethnomedicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Aspects of the Genus Berberis Linn: A Comprehensive Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roohi Mohi-ud-din ◽  
Reyaz Hassan Mir ◽  
Prince Ahad Mir ◽  
Saeema Farooq ◽  
Syed Naiem Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses

Background: Genus Berberis (family Berberidaceae), which contains about 650 species and 17 genera worldwide, has been used in folklore and various traditional medicine systems. Berberis Linn. is the most established group among genera with around 450-500 species across the world. This comprehensive review will not only help researchers for further evaluation but also provide substantial information for future exploitation of species to develop novel herbal formulations. Objective: The present review is focussed to summarize and collect the updated review of information of Genus Berberis species reported to date regarding their ethnomedicinal information, chemical constituents, traditional/folklore use, and reported pharmacological activities on more than 40 species of Berberis. Conclusion: A comprehensive survey of the literature reveals that various species of the genus possess various phytoconstituents mainly alkaloids, flavonoid based compounds isolated from different parts of a plant with a wide range of pharmacological activities. So far, many pharmacological activities like anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory both in vitro & in vivo and clinical study of different extracts/isolated compounds of different species of Berberis have been reported, proving their importance as a medicinal plant and claiming their traditional use.

Ferula hermonis: A Review of Current Use and Pharmacological Studies of its Sesquiterpene Ester Ferutinin

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 499-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémi Safi ◽  
Marwan El-Sabban ◽  
Fadia Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Sexual Impotence ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
Anti Fungal ◽  
Sesquiterpene Ester

Ferula hermonis Boiss, is an endemic plant of Lebanon, locally known as “shilsh Elzallouh”. It has been extensively used in the traditional medicine as an aphrodisiac and for the treatment of sexual impotence. Crude extracts and isolated compounds of ferula hermonis contain phytoestrogenic substances having a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties including anti-osteoporosis, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-fungal, anti-cancer and as sexual activity enhancer. The aim of this mini-review is to highlight the traditional and novel applications of this plant’s extracts and its major sesquiterpene ester, ferutinin. The phytochemical constituents and the pharmacological uses of ferula hermonis crude extract and ferutinin specifically will be discussed.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Scutellarein Alkyl Derivatives as Preventing Neurodegenerative Agents with Improved Lipid Soluble Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 771-780
Author(s):  
He-Min Li ◽  
Ting Gu ◽  
Wen-Yu Wu ◽  
Shao-Peng Yu ◽  
Tian-Yuan Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Alkyl Derivatives ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Microsomal Membranes

Background: Exogenous antioxidants are considered as a promising therapeutic approach to treat neurodegenerative diseases since they could prevent and/or minimize the neuronal damage by oxidation. Objective: Three series of lipophilic compounds structurally based on scutellarein (2), which is one metabolite of scutellarin (1) in vivo, have been designed and synthesized. Methods: Their antioxidant activity was evaluated by detecting the 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) produced in the ferrous salt/ascorbate-induced autoxidation of lipids, which were present in microsomal membranes of rat hepatocytes. The lipophilicity of these compounds indicated as partition coefficient between n-octanol and buffer was investigated by ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer. Results: This study indicated that compound 5e which had a benzyl group substituted at the C4'- OH position showed a potent antioxidant activity and good lipophilicity. Conclusion: 5e could be an effective candidate for preventing or reducing the oxidative status associated with the neurodegenerative processes.

Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Potential of Helenalin

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-142
Author(s):  
Priyanka Kriplani ◽  
Kumar Guarve
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Scientific Impact ◽  
Isolation Techniques ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer ◽  
Synthetic Derivatives

Background: Arnica montana, containing helenalin as its principal active constituent, is the most widely used plant to treat various ailments. Recent studies indicate that Arnica and helenalin provide significant health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antioxidant, cholesterol-lowering, immunomodulatory, and most important, anti-cancer properties. Objective: The objective of the present study is to overview the recent patents of Arnica and its principal constituent helenalin, including new methods of isolation, and their use in the prevention of cancer and other ailments. Methods: Current prose and patents emphasizing the anti-cancer potential of helenalin and Arnica, incorporated as anti-inflammary agents in anti-cancer preparations, have been identified and reviewed with particular emphasis on their scientific impact and novelty. Results: Helenalin has shown its anti-cancer potential to treat multiple types of tumors, both in vitro and in vivo. It has also portrayed synergistic effects when given in combination with other anti- cancer drugs or natural compounds. New purification/isolation techniques are also developing with novel helenalin formulations and its synthetic derivatives have been developed to increase its solubility and bioavailability. Conclusion: The promising anti-cancer potential of helenalin in various preclinical studies may open new avenues for therapeutic interventions in different tumors. Thus clinical trials validating its tumor suppressing and chemopreventive activities, particularly in conjunction with standard therapies, are immediately required.

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