scholarly journals Politics of the Blessed Lady: Catholic Art in the Contemporary Hungarian Culture Industry

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Marc Roscoe Loustau
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Culture Industry ◽  
Cultural Preservation ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Institutional Legacies ◽  
Professional Disciplines

I examine Hungary’s Catholic arts industry and its material practices of cultural production: the institutions and professional disciplines through which devotional material objects move as they become embedded in political processes of national construction and contestation. Ethnographic data come from thirty-six months of fieldwork in Hungary and Transylvania, and focuses on three museum and gallery exhibitions of Catholic devotional objects. Building on critiques of subjectivity- and embodiment-focused research, I highlight how the institutional legacies of state socialism in Hungary and Romania inform a national politics of Catholic materiality. Hungarian cultural institutions and intellectuals have been drawn to work with Catholic art because Catholic material culture sustains a meaningful presence across multiple scales of political contestation at the local, regional, and state levels. The movement of Catholic ritual objects into the zone of high art and cultural preservation necessitates that these objects be mobilized for use within the political agendas of state-embedded institutions. Yet, this mobilization is not total. Ironies, confusions, and contradictions continue to show up in Transylvanian Hungarians’ historical memory, destabilizing these political uses.

Berlin's Architectural Citations: Reconstruction, Simulation, and the Problem of Historical Authenticity

PMLA ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 1268-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf J. Goebel
Keyword(s):  
Urban History ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Tourist Industry ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Cultural Discourses ◽  
Architectural Styles ◽  
Historical Authenticity ◽  
Potsdamer Platz ◽  
Architectural Restoration

Reunified Berlin's ubiquitous examples of architectural citation—such as the Reichstag, the plans for the Stadtschloß, the Sony Center at Potsdamer Platz, the new Hotel Adlon, and the FriedrichstadtPassagen—variously inscribe contemporary architectural styles with allusive reinventions of previous forms and cultural discourses, incorporate remnants of older edifices, or use partial reconstructions for new social purposes. In the process, these projects problematize conventional principles of architectural restoration by dramatizing a productive tension between past and present, between authenticity and simulation, between genuine nostalgia and the sometimes cynical manipulation of historical memory. Relying on the synchronicity of (seemingly) nonsynchronous styles, architectural citation goes beyond postmodern pastiche; such citation signifies Berlin's renegotiation of its identity as the new-old capital by recycling half-obliterated and yet irrepressible traces of urban history within the parameters of international capitalism, Europe-directed national politics, and the rampant tourist industry.

The Role of Historical Memory in the Socio-Political Processes of Chechnya (1986—1994)

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10 (108)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Cécile Druey
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Mikhail Gorbachev ◽  
Relational Approach ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Local Newspapers ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Autonomous Republic

During the years that preceded and followed the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the Autonomous Republic of Chechnya in the south of Russia has experienced an intensive movement of civil society mobilisation, nationalist radicalisation and armed conflict. Referring to the case of the society “Kavkaz” as an example for the emerging movement of civil society, this paper traces the mobilising role of history and historical memory during the period of reform under Mikhail Gorbachev in the late-1980s, until the onset of the first Chechnya War in 1994. It argues, that the use of historical memory is not that much a cause, than it is an indicator of conflict and radicalisation in society, and that these processes of radicalisation are closely linked to their context at a local, national and international level. Drawing on data collected from interviews with representatives of the Chechen national movement, from local newspapers and legal acts, the paper tracks the evolution of civil society movements in Chechnya in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Doing so, it departs from a relational approach to conflict analysis (della Porta, 2018; Alimi, Bosi, and Demetriou, 2012; Tilly and Tarrow, 2015; Hughes and Sasse, 2016). Located at the intersection between conflict- and memory studies, the paper thus adds insights to the study of the pre-war period in post-Soviet Chechnya, and in general to the conceptual discussion about the link between historical memory, mobilisation, radicalisation and conflict.

“Dear Friends”: From People’s Cultural Exchange to People’s Cultural Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-59
Author(s):  
T Tu Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Production ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
The West ◽  
Cultural Productions ◽  
Shared Beliefs ◽  
Cultural Exchanges ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Cultural Subjectivity

Abstract The article explores how the politics of South-South cooperation, namely between Africa and China, play out at the level of cultural subjectivity, implicating modes of affect and identities that are not captured by the more commonly employed binary framework of “friend” or “enemy.” It asks whether it is possible for the Africans and Chinese to imagine each other without the West as its geocultural dominance diminishes; and if so, how is this being made possible? As modes of transmitting and learning, cultural initiatives under the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and “Belt and Road Initiative” provide a window into both people’s understandings of one another. While necessary for building people-to-people relations, the article, relying on an analysis of data collected from Chinese websites, argues that the state-sponsored cultural exchanges largely reify existing racialized ideas of “the African” and Orientalist views of “the Chinese.” However, building on Simbao’s (2019) point about artists’ works that “push back” against dominant discourse, the article further argues and demonstrates through the journey and works of three artists (Chinese, Kenyan, and Ghanaian) that radical imaginaries reflecting the inner states of acting subjects of China-Africa engagements are available in local cultural productions, uncompromising in communicating shared beliefs and posing challenges to power relations on multiple scales.

scholarly journals Predator Politics

SAGE Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401667921
Author(s):  
Mary Louisa Cappelli
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Ecological Diversity ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Cascading Effects ◽  
Edward Abbey ◽  
Barbara Kingsolver ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Top Predators

Edward Abbey’s Desert Solitaire and Barbara Kingsolver’s Prodigal Summer urges readers to see coyotes as crucial members of the natural community whose predation is essential for the maintenance of biodiversity and ecological stability. Their cultural production provides a human story of ecocritical engagement for understanding the cascading effects of removing top predators from their ecosystems. By envisioning biocentric possibilities within place-based and scientific contexts, Edward Abbey and Barbara Kingsolver share a common theme of political ecology: political processes shape ecological conditions. A close reading of Edward Abbey’s Desert Solitaire and Barbara Kingsolver’s Prodigal Summer provides a literary entryway to connect research, arguments, and discourse across disciplines tasking readers to engage in political discussions of environmental sustainability and to consider viable solutions to preserve the ecological diversity of our predator populations and ecosystems.

scholarly journals Territorial disputes in the North Caucasus as a source of regional instability

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
T. N. Litvinova
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Territorial Disputes ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The North ◽  
Territorial Conflicts ◽  
The People ◽  
Media Monitoring

Introduction. The article is devoted to territorial interethnic disputes in the North Caucasus of the Russian Federation, both “frozen” and ongoing, and their impact on regional political processes.Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the study are the concept of ethnic boundaries and social distance by F. Barth, the works on ethnopolitical conflicts by D. Horowitz, M. Toft, as well as the research of Russian scientists, such as A.V. Avksentiev, D.A. Dmitriev and others. For the North Caucasus, the issue of land ownership, the historical territory of the people has always been painful, it has been the main reason for and factor of interethnic distancing. This research is based on: 1) analysis of official documents of federal and regional authorities; 2) studying declarations of ethic movements and interviews of politicians; 3) media monitoring; 4) classification and situational analysis.Results. The considered territorial disputes in the North Caucasus can be classified in terms of the  factors underlying the conflicts: territorial disputes as consequences of deportation (North Ossetia and Ingushetia, Dagestan); the problem of divided peoples (Lezgins); disputes over unsettled land ownership (Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia and Dagestan); disputes over administrative boundaries (Chechnya and Ingushetia, Chechnya and Dagestan).Discussion and conclusion. Taking into account the fact of significance of the “historical territory” for the North Caucasian peoples, the resolution of territorial disputes should be carried out with respect for historical memory, with the involvement of conciliation procedures that have strong traditional foundations in North Caucasian societies. Territorial conflicts and grievances lead to mobilization of the people, the growth of protest moods and regional political instability, therefore land issues should be resolved with the involvement of the public opinion. This will help to avoid clashes on an ethno-territorial basis and increase the trust in the authorities.

scholarly journals National Identity and Historical Memory

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
P. I. Gnatenko
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
National Character ◽  
National Community ◽  
The Third ◽  
Main Form ◽  
Historical Past

According to a British researcher of nation phenomenon A.D. Smith, national identity is a main form of collective identity, a dominant criteria of culture and identity. That’s way the aim of the article is a clarification of two notions: national identity and historical memory.National identity has relations with national self-consciousness. National self-consciousness consists of knowledge and presentations of national community, its historical past and present, spiritual and material culture, language and national character.There are three conceptions of roots of Ukrainian national identity. The first is a chauvinistic conception. According to this conception Ukrainian nation never existed. It’s only a dialect group of Russian nation. The second is unity of three nations – Russian, Ukrainian, Belorussian and the senior brother is Russian nation and Ukrainian and Belorussian are juniors. The third conception is the autochthonous-autonomic conception (the author is M. Grushevs’ky).The autochthonic-autonomic conception has two poles of origins of Ukrainian nation. The first pole – Tripoli culture, Ukrainian nation was born in 7–2 millennium B.C. The second pole – 10–11 centuries A.C. The Illarion’s ‘Word about Law and Grace’, ‘Kyiv-Pechersky Patericum’ etc. are the basics of Ukrainian nation.In contemporary Europe we can observe reformation of the problem of national identity and rising of an ethnical factor and a historical memory. A historical memory is a complex of installations, stereotypes, habits, traditions, constant aspects of national character, national senses, their mark by social consciousness.National senses are ground of installations and stereotypes. They are emotional-psychological background of actions of a national character. National senses are a part of a political self-consciousness, a personal political culture.

scholarly journals Ukrainian Regional Political Elite: Formation and Transformation of Identities and Values (A Case Study of Ivano-Frankivsk Region)

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Yaremchuk
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Dynamic Level ◽  
Vector Of State ◽  
Market Relations

The article analyzes key factors facilitating the formation of diverse identities and values of the regional political elite at the stage of the establishment of Ukrainian state, as well as identifies the direction of their future transformation, including sociocultural and mental characteristics of the society, the phenomenon of the historical memory, the level of the development of socioeconomic relations, political regime, the level of the region’s and local best class’ integration into common national political processes. The analysis of the axiological characteristics of the main groups of political elite of the region (representatives of state authorities, deputies, party functionaries, entrepreneurs) allows to confirm the existence of a consensus inside Ivano-Frankivsk regional elite regarding the priority of state independence of Ukraine, that of democracy and liberal freedom, market relations, European vector of state development, formation of the civil society. At the same time, the highly dynamic level of correcting and changing political identities and value orientations, which were, as a rule, situation driven and caused mostly by external factors, points out that the “value portrait” of Ivano-Frankivsk regional political elite remains vague and not finalized.

ETHNOGENESIS AND ETHNOGRAPHIC HISTORY OF THE UZBEK PEOPLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Nurullo Tursunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ethnographic History ◽  
The Impact

The article aims to study the ethnographic status of the studied region, the impact of historical events on ethno-cultural processes, the role of socio-political processes in the material culture of the region's population based on historical and ethnographic materials

Star Trek, Fan Film, and the Internet: Possibilities and Constraints of Fan-Based Vernacular Cultures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris M Markman
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Culture Industry ◽  
Star Trek ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Vernacular Culture ◽  
Film Productions

This paper explores the distinctions between mass and vernacular popular culture as manifestedin the fan productions of Star Trek fans. Fan-produced video represents an opportunity forordinary people to take the means of cultural production into their own hands. However, becauseof its roots in an already-existing, culture industry-produced world, there may exist limits to theamount of resistance this form of vernacular culture can provide. To explore these tensions, Icompare two fan film productions based on the popular Star Trek television and movie franchise.These two productions, both of which are distributed through the Internet, illustrate the differentlevels of attachment to and freedom from the main text that characterize much of fan film.

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