scholarly journals National Identity and Historical Memory

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
P. I. Gnatenko
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
National Character ◽  
National Community ◽  
The Third ◽  
Main Form ◽  
Historical Past

According to a British researcher of nation phenomenon A.D. Smith, national identity is a main form of collective identity, a dominant criteria of culture and identity. That’s way the aim of the article is a clarification of two notions: national identity and historical memory.National identity has relations with national self-consciousness. National self-consciousness consists of knowledge and presentations of national community, its historical past and present, spiritual and material culture, language and national character.There are three conceptions of roots of Ukrainian national identity. The first is a chauvinistic conception. According to this conception Ukrainian nation never existed. It’s only a dialect group of Russian nation. The second is unity of three nations – Russian, Ukrainian, Belorussian and the senior brother is Russian nation and Ukrainian and Belorussian are juniors. The third conception is the autochthonous-autonomic conception (the author is M. Grushevs’ky).The autochthonic-autonomic conception has two poles of origins of Ukrainian nation. The first pole – Tripoli culture, Ukrainian nation was born in 7–2 millennium B.C. The second pole – 10–11 centuries A.C. The Illarion’s ‘Word about Law and Grace’, ‘Kyiv-Pechersky Patericum’ etc. are the basics of Ukrainian nation.In contemporary Europe we can observe reformation of the problem of national identity and rising of an ethnical factor and a historical memory. A historical memory is a complex of installations, stereotypes, habits, traditions, constant aspects of national character, national senses, their mark by social consciousness.National senses are ground of installations and stereotypes. They are emotional-psychological background of actions of a national character. National senses are a part of a political self-consciousness, a personal political culture.

scholarly journals NATIONAL IDENTITY AND FEATURES OF ITS REFLECTION IN THE MODERN DRAMA OF THE VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Ирина Юрьевна Кириллова
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
National Character ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Modern Drama ◽  
The People ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Universal Values ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
Bulgarian People

Статья посвящена вопросу национальной специфики литератур народов Поволжья, соотношению национального и регионального в понимании идентичности как таковой. В работе выявляются общие моменты в отражении национальной идентичности, этнических и общечеловеческих ценностей в современной драматургии Поволжья. В качестве объекта исследования выбраны произведения современных чувашских и татарских драматургов, в которых наиболее ярко выражена национальная проблема. Путем сравнительного анализа в статье рассмотрены формы проявления национальной идентичности в произведениях, такие как национальные мифы, образы, идеалы, архетипы, обращение к далекому прошлому народа, к типичным чертам национального характера. Важным идеологическим ресурсом национальной идентичности на современном этапе выступило историческое прошлое чувашского и татарского народов. В судьбе главных исторических личностей отразилась трагическая судьба булгарского народа. В чувашской драме «Часы с кукушкой» (2016) М. Карягиной и татарской монодраме «Микулай» (2019) М. Гилязова проблема идентичности рассматривается в отношении героев к национальным и общечеловеческим ценностям, таким как родная земля, дом, семья, память, нравственность, долг, ответственность и др. The article is devoted to national specifics of the literatures of the peoples of the Volga region, the correlation of national and regional to the understanding of identity as such. The paper reveals common points in the reflection of national identity, ethnic and universal values in the drama of the Volga region. The works of modern Chuvash and Tatar playwrights, in which the national problem is most clearly expressed, are chosen as the object of research. By means of comparative analysis, the article considers the forms of national identity in the works, such as national myths, images, ideals, archetypes, reference to the distant past of the people, to the typical features of the national character. An important ideological resource of national identity was the historical past of the Chuvash and Tatar peoples. The fate of the main historical figures reflected the tragic fate of the Bulgarian people. In the Chuvash drama “The Cuckoo Clock” (2016) by M. Karyagina and the Tatar monodrama “Mikulai” (2019) by M. Gilyazov, the problem of identity is considered in the relation of their characters to national and universal values, such as their native land, home, family, memory, morality, duty, responsibility, etc.

WILHELM AND ALEXANDER VON HUMBOLDT IN THE HISTORICAL MEMORY OF NAZI GERMANY

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-133
Author(s):  
Natal'ya V. Rostislavleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
The Third ◽  
Alexander Von Humboldt ◽  
The Third Reich

The article examines the perception of biographies and heritage of the brothers Wilhelm and Alexander von Humboldt in National Socialist Germany. In the historical memory of modern Germany, their images have become one of the bases of German national identity, and the Humboldt-Forum – a platform for the connection of science and culture. In collective memory of the Third Reich, the brothers held unequal positions. The 100th anniversary of the death of W. von Humboldt caused a surge of interest in him, but his image was reformatted and inscribed in the racial parameters of Nazism: his interest in the issues of the German nation was emphasized, his commitment to liberal ideas was explained by criticism of absolutism, attempts were made to attract his image to Nazi anti-Semitic paradigm. However, there were some researchers of his heritage who retained scientific objectivity. Alexander von Humboldt was paid much less attention: the ideologists of the Third Reich hated his cosmopolitanism. But as he was the brother of W. von Humboldt and a world-famous scientist, it was impossible to forget about his merits. The collective memory kept an image of a traveler naturalist whose greatness the Third Reich did not deny. Commemoration is closely associated to the identity formation. For the construction of national identity in National Socialist Germany their images were practically not required.

scholarly journals Actualization of historical memory in the context of national identity

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
М. В. Школяр
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
Essential Properties ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Background ◽  
The One ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Historical Past

The article contains information about historical memory like an element and at the same time a factor in theformation of national identity based common values, norms, beliefs, behavior models, stereotypes and ideas aboutthe historical past. Firstly, we defined the properties of historical memory as a social-cultural phenomenon andits features in modern Ukrainian society. Also, we emphasized the importance of the social context and nationalidentity in the process of the formation of historical memory. For example, social environment influences onthe formation and change of memory of certain historical events and their consequences in the minds of citizen.Secondly, we investigated that the similar perceptions, appraisals and attitudes to the historical process contributethe consolidation of society and facilitate its integration around common identities. In contrast, different andeven opposite interpretations of the historical past constructed in the minds of citizens of different regions ofour country depending on socio-cultured, historical and political background can influence the peculiaritiesof the formation of new identities, as well as they determine vectors of both potential and actual conflicts.Nevertheless, differences in interpretations of history and dominant identity types among residents of differentregions of Ukraine do not make a threat to national integrity, but they can be the basis for ideological and politicalmanipulation from internal and external factors connected with destruction of Ukrainian statehood foundations.Using a secondary analysis of the results of empirical research conducted by leading sociological agencies weinvestigated that fragmentation and multiplicity are the peculiarities of Ukrainian historical memory. Thesepeculiarities are the results of domination of regional identity types in the minds of people. In fact, local featuresof historical memory are related to the history of the region and its socio-cultural characteristics. Also we foundout about the existence of certain differences and contradictions in interpretations of the historical past of Easternand Western residents. Under such circumstances, the historical memory becomes a disintegrating factor and asource of strife because it produces opposited and often incompatible views on the perspectives of the state and thenation. On the one hand, historical memory can enhance the role of national identity in the integration of a nationbased on common interpretation of history. On the other hand, historical memory can contribute the formationmostly of contradictory identity types and increase tendencies towards antagonism updating conflicts betweenmodels / options of historical memory of representatives in different regions of Ukraine. Actually, politicalagents (both domestic and foreign) can make «desirable» representations, evaluations, and interpretations ofhistorical events by means of propaganda, provoking disintegration and destabilization in the country, using thedifference between the models / options of historical memory of the inhabitants in different parts of the country,as well as the essential properties of historical memory (symbolism, irrationality, mythology, etc.). To sum up,there is an essential need in Ukraine for the implementation of a prudent memory policy in order to form anationwide model of historical memory that would be able to contribute the unification of citizens into a singlepolitical nation based on common identities regardless of resident region.

scholarly journals HISTORICAL MEMORY, EMBODIED IN THE SOCIAL SPACE OF MINSK, AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE FORMATION OF NATIONAL AND EUROPEAN IDENTITY OF BELARUSIANS

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-45
Author(s):  
Larissa Titarenko
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
European Identity ◽  
Soviet History ◽  
The Social ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Historical Past

Historical memory embodied in a social space of Minsk represents “cultural signs” of several different epochs. In fact, the historical past of Minsk up to the beginning of the XIX century can be considered as the process of construction of its European identity. In this aspect, the XIX century demonstrated a shift to Russian euro‐asianism, while the soviet history was a unique attempt to construct the universal Soviet identity with only a few features of the national culture. The contemporary epoch gives Minsk a unique chance to simultaneously increase both European and national identity of Belarusians.

scholarly journals National identity of Hungarian minority differentiated by social status

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-96
Author(s):  
Valér Veres
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
National Belonging ◽  
National Community ◽  
National Reference ◽  
National Symbols ◽  
The Social ◽  
Adequate Analysis

The study is an analysis of national identity and its manifestation in ethnically mixed areas such as Transylvania. The collective identity, and especially the national identity, manifests itself in different modalities according to the social status of the persons, and this aspect has to be kept in view for an adequate analysis of the collective identity. Thematically the analysis comprises some dimensions of the minority national identity of the citizens, such as: the importance of the national belonging in the individual's attitude, and disposition, the criteria of appertaining to the national community, the cognitive and affective connections of the concept of homeland, the perception of the dimensions of their own national group, the national auto- and hetero-stereotypes, the perception of the minority situation and discrimination and their possible identity building (forming) function, the attitude towards the „other" nation, the nature of the regional linkage, the relevance of the national symbols and holidays, national reference persons, a differentiated analysis of some minority and political aspects questions of the historical consciousness, perspectives on social position

scholarly journals Historiographic Reflection and Formation of National Identity

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-322
Author(s):  
Ol’ga B. Leont’eva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
History Of

A turn of modern science towards the study of historical memory gives rise to questions about the role of historical science in the formation of collective, in particular, national identity. The experience of a historiographic reflection on these problems is presented in a collective monograph “The Past for the Present: History, Memory and Narratives of National Identity” written by the laboratory “Studies of Historical Memory and Intellectual Culture” of the Center for Intellectual History Studies of the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, headed by L. P. Repina. The authors of the collective monograph examine the processes of national identity and historical memory formation in several countries (Russia, Britain, Germany, Poland, and Bolivia) in a “longue durée” perspective, in the context of global trends. They focus on the role that national narratives created by professional historians played in the construction of “historical myths” — mythologized ideas about the “origins” of national history that represent the constitutive elements of national identity. The authors raise the problem of the competition of different identities and memories, and consider the issue of the audience of a national narrative. They highlight the ambiguity of the social role of historical science: on the one hand, historians are actively involved in the formation of the national identity and historical memory; on the other hand, scientific knowledge provides them with tools for a critical analysis of historical myths and well-reasoned reflection on the projects of collective identity. The study represents a successful attempt of combining the “memorial paradigm” and “new sociocultural history” with the history of nationalism and nation-building.

scholarly journals CONSTRUCTING THE UKRAINIAN IDENTITY: THE CHALLENGES OF COMMEMORATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
N. Y. Kryvda
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Places Of Memory ◽  
Soviet Legacy

The article deals with the cultural and philosophical analysis of national identity concept in the context of the "tradition invention". During the formation of collective identity, there is a reason to believe that the "invention" of the corresponding time of tradition is one of the main ways of overcoming stereotypes and practices that are considered obsolete and do not correspond to the functions assigned to them – society consolidation. Ideas, symbols and "places of memory", that receive new meaningful content, contribute to the destruction of those social models that were supported by the old tradition, destroying it itself. In this context, the notion of commemoration becomes important, which appears an effective toolfor the formation of a collective identity and a means of preserving historical memory. The main goal of the article is to identify the fundamentals of national identity in its close relationship with tradition and informal memory, as well as to formulate the notion of commemoration as an effective instrument for the formation of collective identity. Futhermore, alongside with the need for a civilization definition, an important role in the process of "inventing the tradition" and the design of collective memory is widely declared as a desire to "break up" with the Soviet totalitarian past. The Soviet legacy is deeply rooted in Ukrainian socio-cultural and political life, and the inherent manipulative strategies, values and practices are an effective means of competition of political elites in the struggle for their own capital. The mechanical return to the intellectual constructs of the pre-Soviet period is not in last place, since they were based on "objective signs" of ethnic identification, which, in a multi-ethnic Ukrainian society, lacked sufficient symbolic capital to consolidate society. The analyzed researches testify to the fact that taking rejection of ethnic or communist myths should be accompanied by the creation of a constructive program of the Ukrainian future.

Nation Branding:

MedienJournal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Gisela K. Cánepa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Social Contract ◽  
The State ◽  
Nation Branding ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
National Community ◽  
Neoliberal Governmentality ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit

Nation branding plays a central role within neoliberal governmentality, operating as a technology of power in the configuration of emerging cultural and political formations such as national identity, citizenship and the state. The discussion of the advertising spot Perú, Nebraska  released as part of the Nation Branding campaign Marca Perú  in May of 2011, constitutes a great opportunity to: (i) argue about the way in which audiovisual advertisement products, designed as performative devises, operate as technologies of power; and (ii) problematize the terms in which it founds a new social contract for the Peruvian multicultural national community. This analysis will allow me to approach neoliberalism as a cultural regime in order to discuss the ideological nature of the uncontested celebratory discourse that has emerged in Perú and which explains the economic growth of the last decades as the outcome of a national entrepreneurial spirit that would be distinctive of Peruvian cultural identity.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Goldschmidt ◽  
Barbara Graziosi
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Specific Site ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
The Third ◽  
Religious Significance ◽  
Classical Poetry ◽  
Life Of The Mind ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Made In

The Introduction sheds light on the reception of classical poetry by focusing on the materiality of the poets’ bodies and their tombs. It outlines four sets of issues, or commonplaces, that govern the organization of the entire volume. The first concerns the opposition between literature and material culture, the life of the mind vs the apprehensions of the body—which fails to acknowledge that poetry emerges from and is attended to by the mortal body. The second concerns the religious significance of the tomb and its location in a mythical landscape which is shaped, in part, by poetry. The third investigates the literary graveyard as a place where poets’ bodies and poetic corpora are collected. Finally, the alleged ‘tomb of Virgil’ provides a specific site where the major claims made in this volume can be most easily be tested.

Classics and Irish Politics, 1916-2016

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Postcolonial Studies ◽  
Classical Literature ◽  
Northern Irish ◽  
Classical Culture ◽  
Significant Figures ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
Irish Politics

This collection addresses how models from ancient Greece and Rome have permeated Irish political discourse in the century since 1916. The 1916 Easter Rising, when Irish nationalists rose up against British imperial forces, was almost instantly mythologized in Irish political memory as a turning point in the nation’s history and an event that paved the way for Irish independence. Its centenary has provided a natural point for reflection on Irish politics, and this volume highlights an unexplored element in Irish political discourse, namely its frequent reference to, reliance on, and tensions with classical Greek and Roman models. Topics covered include the reception and rejection of classical culture in Ireland; the politics of Irish language engagement with Greek and Roman models; the intersection of Irish literature with scholarship in Classics and Celtic Studies; the use of classical allusion to articulate political inequalities across hierarchies of gender, sexuality, and class; meditations on the Northern Irish conflict through classical literature; and the political implications of neoclassical material culture in Irish society. As the only country colonized by Britain with a pre-existing indigenous heritage of expertise in classical languages and literature, Ireland represents a unique case in the fields of classical reception and postcolonial studies. This book opens a window on a rich and varied dialogue between significant figures in Irish cultural history and the Greek and Roman sources that have inspired them, a dialogue that is firmly rooted in Ireland’s historical past and continues to be ever-evolving.

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