scholarly journals Robust RGB-D SLAM Using Point and Line Features for Low Textured Scene

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4984
Author(s):  
Yajing Zou ◽  
Amr Eldemiry ◽  
Yaxin Li ◽  
Wu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Localization And Mapping ◽  
Reprojection Error ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Public Datasets ◽  
The Cost

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction using RGB-D camera with simultaneous color image and depth information is attractive as it can significantly reduce the cost of equipment and time for data collection. Point feature is commonly used for aligning two RGB-D frames. Due to lacking reliable point features, RGB-D simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is easy to fail in low textured scenes. To overcome the problem, this paper proposes a robust RGB-D SLAM system fusing both points and lines, because lines can provide robust geometry constraints when points are insufficient. To comprehensively fuse line constraints, we combine 2D and 3D line reprojection error with point reprojection error in a novel cost function. To solve the cost function and filter out wrong feature matches, we build a robust pose solver using the Gauss–Newton method and Chi-Square test. To correct the drift of camera poses, we maintain a sliding-window framework to update the keyframe poses and related features. We evaluate the proposed system on both public datasets and real-world experiments. It is demonstrated that it is comparable to or better than state-of-the-art methods in consideration with both accuracy and robustness.

Analysis of the Relationship between Currency Redenomination and Financial Transaction Costs in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Hassana Aliyu MOHAMMED ◽  
◽  
Abdurrahman ISIK ◽  
Paul Terhemba IOREMBER ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
User Costs ◽  
Inflationary Pressure ◽  
Cash Payment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

The study analyses the relationship between currency redenomination and financial sector transaction costs in Nigeria using a sample of 200 respondents from ten financial institutions. Applying the Chi-square test, the study reveals that high currency redenomination removes wasteful transactions removes user costs (difficulties arising from memorizing, calculating and carrying large sum of lowest denominations: coins and smaller notes). The results also show that currency redenomination influences inflationary pressure and currency liberalization in Nigeria. Based on the findings the study recommends the introduction of currency redenomination to facilitate the consumers' cash payment and reduce the cost incurred by producers and issuing authorities, and also make payment system more efficient and effective.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kualitas Pelayanan Dimensi Servqual dengan Loyalitas Pasien di Poliklinik RSUD Arosuka Tahun 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 694
Author(s):  
Titen Yasril ◽  
Dachriyanus Dachriyanus ◽  
Harmawati Harmawati
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
A Value ◽  
Patient Loyalty ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Cost

The lack of repeated visits of old patients will increase the cost of promotion to get new patients, one way to maintain old patients is to grow patient loyalty. Some patients in Arosuka General Hospital are still not loyal because they come to the hospital only for the first examination, then the patient goes to another hospital, some patients have not recommended the hospital to others, one of the factors that influence patient loyalty is the quality of service. This study aims to determine the relationship between service quality servqual dimensions and patient loyalty in Arosuka Hospital. The type of this study is cross sectional. The population in this study were all patients who came to the Arosuka Hospital polyclinic in 2018, a sample of 203 people with a proportional random sampling sampling technique conducted in April 2018 with the analysis used was the chi square test. The statistical test results obtained 60.1% of respondents not loyal, 61.6% of respondents stated that tangible was not good, 37.9% of respondents stated that reliability was not good, 51.2% of respondents stated that they were less responsive, 43.3% of respondents said assurace was not good, and 48.8% of respondents said empaty not good. There is a significant relationship between tangible, reliability, responsive, assurance, empathy and patient loyalty in Arosuka Hospital with a value of p <0.05 (p = 0.001, p = 0.015, p = 0.010, p = 0.002, p = 0.022). Tangible is the most dominant factor associated with patient loyalty. It is expected that the director will make a policy on service hours, sanctions for those who do not obey the service hours, coordinate with the local government in procuring transportation for patients, the head of the ward designing a comfortable waiting room, and providing suggestion boxes for patients.

Est-il possible de définir un profil plus efficace? Comparaison entre enseignants français et italiens

CADMO ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 65-94
Author(s):  
Francesca Corradi
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
General View ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Teachers Attitudes

Kindergarten teachers' attitudes toward immigrant children and children of immigrant families is the subject of research conducted between 2009 and 2010. The study compares teachers in the public schools of Avignon, France, with state school teachers of Reggio Emilia, Italy. The analysis conducted mainly considered relations between two variables. However, the research tools used (participant observation, Likert type-scale questionnaire and semi-structured interviews) also allowed for the triangulation of data. The intent of this article is to elaborate on the methodological contribution to the research using multivariate analysis. This analysis provides both three-dimensional representations of the teachers' attitudes as well as individualized representations of relevant relations between variables. The statistic test of the null hypotheses, the "chi-square test" is used. The analysis points out attitude and behaviour differences between Reggio Emilia teachers and Avignon teachers. Differences are mostly observed in the synchronic dimension data analysis. Nevertheless, if the point of observation is changed and data are studied in the diachronic dimension, that general view demonstrates how a current historical period influences educational choices within a particular educational system and consequently influences teachers' attitudes.

scholarly journals Association between the Use of Alternative Medicine and Adherence to Treatment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Perez-Sosa Abigail M ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Cost

Background: Diabetes mellitus 2 (T2D) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in northern Mexico. Various treatments are used to control the disease; however, the cost of these and the difficulty of dietary management have as a consequence that the patient abandons them and looks for cheaper and easier-to-use alternatives. Aim: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the use of alternative medicine and adherence to medical treatment in patients with T2D. Design and Setting: Analytic cross-sectional study. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was designed between March and July 2019 including 464 patients with T2D from the family medicine unit #48 Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. We used the Morisky-Green scale for adherence to treatment and the use of Alternative Medicine (CAM) was evaluated with a holistic complementary and alternative medicine questionnaire. The Chi-Square test was used for comparison of proportions and risk factors were calculated using odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals. Results: 53% of patients use CAM; biological therapy (herbs and supplements) is the most frequent (94%). The association between CAM use and adherence to medical treatment was 2.1 (95% CI 1.4-3.1, p= 0.001). The risk factors for the use of CAM were female sex, basic level education, uncontrolled disease and a time of evolution greater than 10 years. Conclusion: CAM users are 2.1 times more at risk of having a regular or bad adherence to medical treatment.

scholarly journals FAKTOR DEMOGRAFI DAN PERSEPSI INDIVIDU DALAM MENENTUKAN JENIS INVESTASI UNTUK MASA PENSIUN

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Fridia Astri ◽  
Prima Naomi
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Individual Perceptions ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Pension Program ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Retirement Investment

This study aimed to understand the relations among demographic factors, individuals’ perceptions and the type of retirement investment. Subjects were labor forces who work in Jakarta. We used 311 respondents. he method used is descriptive method, cross-tab and chi-square test. Most of the respondents chose to retire under 60 years of age, not expecting to get the cost of living from the child during retirement. While retiring most still hope to be able to perform activities as usual by doing activities of gardening, breeding and other productive activities. The most worrying thing is health problems, and followed by finances during retirement, child's condition, financial condition to be inherited, dependence on children, and social relationships. Most respondents have prepared investments to face retirement. The most interested type of investment respectively are: savings, property, gold, business, pension program. The least attractive type of investment is bonds. The results showed that some demographic factors (age, education level, marital status and occupation type and marital status) were significantly related to the perception of individuals facing retirement. Only the level of education and the type of work that is significantly related to the type of pension investment. Meanwhile, there is no significant relationship between individual perceptions and types of pension fund investments.

scholarly journals ANALISA FAKTOR PENYEBAB RENDAHNYA KINERJA PERAWAT PELAKSANA DI RUMAH SAKIT KOTA MEDAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Kristina L. Silalahi ◽  
Patimah Sari Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nursing Services ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Low Performance

Hospital is a health service with excellent and competitive service demands by its users. The function of the hospital was developed by the guidance of science and technology at its time. Performance appraisal is the most reliable tool for managers to control human resources and productivity and can be used effectively to direct employee behavior to produce nursing services based on high quality and quantity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors causing the low performance of nurses in Medan city hospital. This type of research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design. This research was conducted at the Royal Prima Medan Hospital in July. The sample in this study were all nurses who served in the inpatient room. The sampling technique in this study using saturated sampling techniques totaling 159 nurses. Data collection using a questionnaire with the chi-square test. The results showed that the three-dimensional factors of nurse performance had a relationship with the performance of nurses, namely individual factors p = 0.000, psychological factors p = 0.006, and organization p = 0.002. This research concludes that the majority of nurses in the hospital still have low performance. The researcher's suggestion for the hospital is that the hospital pays more attention to the performance of the nurses who work in the inpatient room.

An example from the Banbury Enquiry of a three-dimensional contingency table for the chi-square test

1978 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
K. E. Selkirk
Keyword(s):  
Educational Research ◽  
Ability Grouping ◽  
Contingency Table ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
First Year ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Secondary Schooling ◽  
Reasoning Test ◽  
Chi Square Test

A recent book by David Newbold (1977) on the Banbury Enquiry into Ability Grouping contains an analysis of children's choice of friends. The variables concerned are sex, mixed ability/streamed classes, and closeness of ability of the friendship pairs as measured by a verbal reasoning test at the end of the first year of secondary schooling. The method of analysis was such that all three variables were dichotomous. This article re-analyses Newbold's data by using a little known development of the chi-square test and suggests that this technique deserves to be more widely known in educational research.

scholarly journals Combination of GI-RADS and 3D-CEUS for differential diagnosis of ovarian masses

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 959-964
Author(s):  
Xiali Wang ◽  
ShupingYang ◽  
Guorong Lv ◽  
Jianmei Liao ◽  
Shufen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoring System ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Kappa Value ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasonography ◽  
Ovarian Masses

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of gynecologic imaging reporting and data system (GI-RADS) ultrasonographic stratification and three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (3D-CEUS) in order to distinguish malignant from benign ovarian masses. METHODS In this study, 102 patients with ovarian masses were examined by both two-dimensional ultrasound(2D-US) and 3D-CEUS. Sonographic features of ovarian masses obtained from 3D-CEUS were analyzed and compared with 2D-US. All patients with ovarian masses were confirmed by operational pathology or long-term follow-up results. RESULTS (1)The Chi-square test and multiple Logistic regression analysis confirmed that there were only eight independent predictors of malignant masses, including thick septa (≥3mm), thick papillary projections(≥7mm), solid areas, presence of ascites, central vascularization, contrast enhancement, distribution of contrast agent, and vascular characteristics of the solid part and their odds ratios which were 5.52, 5.39, 4.94, 4.34, 5.92, 7.44, 6.09, and 7.67, respectively (P<0.05). (2)These eight signs were used to combine the GI-RADS with 3D-CEUS scoring system in which the corresponding value of the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.969, which was superior to using GI-RADS lonely (Z-value=1.64, P<0.025). Using 4 points as the cut-off, the scoring system showed the performance was clearly better than using GI-RADS alone (P<0.05). (3) The Kappa value was 0.872 for two different clinicians with equal experience. CONCLUSIONS The combination of GI-RADS and 3D-CEUS scoring system would be a more effective method to distinguish malignant from benign ovarian masses.

scholarly journals STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF BANGLADESH EDUCATION SYSTEM BEFORE AND AFTER COVID 19

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mizanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
Cost Of Education ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Education Academic ◽  
The Cost

Our Bangladesh education system has been worse after the covid 19 pandemics as today’s world is highly interconnected. The severe risk is the outbreak of this virus is not limited to the national border rather worldwide. It has created extreme unfavorable pressure regardless of education level, gender or income. In this research paper, our main objective was to discover the condition of the Bangladesh education system before and after the pandemic. In our country, after the surge of covid 19, the outcome of the unemployment problem, Cost of education, academic performance, Quality of teaching, has been altered undoubtedly. The data was collected from students of Dhaka and Chittagong cities. In our study, 52% of respondents were male, and 48% were male. The age proportion of the majority of the students (57%) is from 20-30. The education level of 85% of respondents is Graduation and Post-graduation. 48% of respondents are satisfied current education system of Bangladesh, but 40% of respondents are not satisfied as they perceive that the current education system of Bangladesh needs to be changed. Independent variables have been selected for this research. Our prominent was to identify how the variables impacted Bangladesh education system In Chittagong city, 57% of respondents believe that after the COVID pandemic, the Cost of education has been decreased. On the other hand, in Dhaka city, 67% of respondents convince that the Cost of education was declined. In the lockdown period, 50% of students of Chittagong city had spent most of the valuable time developing skills, whereas 34% of students in Dhaka city spent their time developing skills. For descriptive statistics, Bar chart, column chart, pie chart, etc., was used. For inferential statistics, Minitab and Excel were used. All of the three variables are categorical. A Chi-square test was performed to estimate the relationship between variables Bangladesh education systems. KEYWORDS: Worse, COVID 19 pandemic, Unemployment, Unethical

scholarly journals Choosing Wisely – Implication based on Indian data in our patients with breast cancer (INR vs. USD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Ajay Bapna ◽  
Nidhi Patni ◽  
Sanjeev Patni
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Breast Cancer ◽  
Metronomic Chemotherapy ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cost Implications ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Indian Data

Objectives: Breast cancer is increasing in India due to aging population, better awareness among general public, willingness to seek treatment of cancers, and easier access to cancers centers. We present our single-center data over a 2-year period and discuss cost implications taking the example of metronomic chemotherapy maintenance and predictive markers in early breast cancer. Material and Methods: Prospectively collected data of all consecutive patients with breast cancer registered between September 2017 and August 2019 were evaluated. Clinical features, stage, receptor status, and other features were tabulated. Statistical analysis was using SAS version 9.4 – Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were performed. P ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: For the 484 consecutive patients, the median age was 50 years. This included EBC (201, 42%), LABC (141, 29%), and MBC (142, 29%). ER expression was seen in 52% of cases (253/484), PR in 47% (229/484), and Her2 was positive in 47% (229/484). Finally, 83 patients (17%) were identified as TNBC. HR-positive Her2-negative EBC constituted 111/484 patients (23%). Discussion: If our 83 TNBC patients were given metronomic maintenance chemotherapy, their 3-year overall survival (OS) is projected to increase from 54% to 100% at a cost of INR 8191/- per patient (equivalent to USD 109/-). If our 111 HR-positive Her2-negative EBC patients were evaluated for risk by biomarker test validated in Indian patients, 76 of these would be spared the toxicity of adjuvant CT. This would also result in saving on the cost of chemotherapy medication of INR 4,035,296/- in India (equivalent to USD 53,699/- if treated in USD). In addition, they would also have better quality of life (QoL). Conclusion: It is possible to identify patients with low risk early breast cancer using Can assist and save them from unnecessary cost and/or toxicity.

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