scholarly journals Understanding the Implementation Challenges of Urban Resilience Policies: Investigating the Influence of Urban Geological Risk in Thessaloniki, Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vangelis Pitidis ◽  
Deodato Tapete ◽  
Jon Coaffee ◽  
Leon Kapetas ◽  
João Porto de Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Historic Centre ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City ◽  
High Building

Urban Resilience has recently emerged as a systematic approach to urban sustainability. The malleable definition of resilience has rendered its operationalisation an intriguing task for contemporary cities trying to address their organisational problems and confront uncertainty in a holistic manner. In this article we investigate the implementation challenges emerging for Resilient Strategies by the inattention paid to urban geological risk. We conceptualise urban geological risk as the combination of urban geohazards, geological vulnerability and exposure of the built environment and focus on the case study of Thessaloniki, Greece, a city that joined the 100 Resilient Cities initiative in 2014 and published its “Resilience Strategy 2030” (RS) in 2017. After a review of the RS, historical records of natural hazard events and with evidence gathered through interviews with city officials, we emphasize on earthquakes and surface flooding as the most relevant geohazards for Thessaloniki to tackle in its journey towards urban resilience. First, we examine geological vulnerability to earthquakes in conjunction with exposure of the built environment, as an outcome of ageing building stock, high building densities and the urban configuration, in Acheiropoietos neighbourhood, within the historic centre of the city. Then, we explore geological risk to surface flooding in Perea, in Thermaikos Municipality, with a particular focus on flash floods, by demonstrating how limited consideration of local geomorphology as well as semi-regulated urban expansion and its limited connection with emergency planning increase exposure of the built environment to surface flooding. Finally, we come up with the major implementation challenges Thessaloniki’s RS faces with regard to urban geohazards.

scholarly journals Touristification in historic cities. Reflections on Malaga

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana García Bujalance ◽  
Daniel Barrera-Fernández ◽  
Miriam Scalici
Keyword(s):  
The Public ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Historic Centre ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Historic City ◽  
The City ◽  
Historic Cities

This research analyses the consequences in the economy of the city, in the urban environment and in the life of residents affected by the massive arrival of tourists in the historic centre of Malaga in Andalusia, Spain. The research combines a mixed methodology consisting of analysis of urban plans and administrative documents, statistics, direct observation of tourism-related activities, the definition of a list of indicators and verification of their application in the case study. Mass tourism in a historic city is a cause of conflicts between visitors and residents, but there are also positive effects such as job creation, cosmopolitanism or the expansion of the cultural offer. This research shows that it is necessary to act on tourists-residents’ conflicts in order to avoid the transformation of historic centres into places that expel the neighbours to give place to tourists. Planning and urban management, the active participation of citizens, as well as an awareness by the public administration, are key issues to avoid that historic centres become emptied of urban content to be turned into a scene for tourist consumption. This is the first research of the kind developed in the city of Malaga, one of the Spanish cities where tourism is growing faster, thus, the results could be applied to other cases in the same situation in the country and the Mediterranean.

scholarly journals UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE A IMPLANTAÇÃO DE UM AMBIENTE DE SEGURANÇA DE REDES DE COMPUTADORES

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-139
Keyword(s):  
Network Management ◽  
Computer Network ◽  
City Hall ◽  
Demilitarized Zone ◽  
Local Areas ◽  
It Department ◽  
Secure Environment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City

This paper presents a case study involving the deployment of a secure environment on the computer network at the City Hall in Palmeira das Missões - RS, throughout the definition of a physical and logical infrastructure, supported at concepts of management of computer networks and information security. Through the creation of Vlans (Virtual Local Areas Networks) and definition of DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) defined to achieve the level of security and network management required by the IT department, as well as provide greater reliability and integrity of information that travel on the network so that the users can perform their tasks more dynamically in a secure and agile environment. The main contribution of this case study was the implementation of a security and management in the computer network at the City Hasll in Palmeira das Missões – RS.

Gentrifiers Against Gentrification

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Jorge André Guerreiro ◽  
João Filipe Marques
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
The Future ◽  
Historic Centre ◽  
South Portugal ◽  
The City

This chapter presents a case-study of tourism gentrification in a fishing town in Algarve, South Portugal. Olhão is a former industrial city that saw much of its fishing industry disappear since the 1980s. Over the last few years, hundreds of foreigners have moved into its historic centre. This rapid influx of citizens to derelict neighbours mostly comprised of old retirees and few active fishermen prompted a gentrification process. Olhão now faces the threat of mass displacements of its older and most vulnerable citizens, a fact that is worrying the foreigners that criticize the touristification of the city, with rents at historical highs and landlords forcing out the Portuguese residents in order to promote short-term rentals to tourists. The chapter presents the results obtained from an extensive mixed-methods research, ending with some notes about the future of the city and the implications that can be taken from this case.

Improving Climatic Comfort of Citizens by Adjusting the Orientation and Extension of Physics of City Squares: Case Study of Yazd

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 1750012
Author(s):  
Fouad KHEIRABADI ◽  
Hooshmand ALIZADEH ◽  
Hossein NOURMOHAMMADZAD
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The North ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The City ◽  
High Building ◽  
Software Measures

The heat of the earth is provided by solar radiation. A change in the angle of solar radiation and the surface of the earth causes changes in the ambient temperature. Sometimes, these changes reduce climatic comfort of human beings. Climatic comfort is established when there is a balance between excreted and absorbed temperatures of the skin of the body. Orientation and extension rates of physics of squares relative to the geographical north influence the amount of received direct sunlight in different months. Relevant studies show that the squares of the city of Yazd reduce the climatic comfort of its citizens; moreover, the physics of Yazd's squares apply various extension rates, which led to high building costs to citizens and relevant organizations. This study, by using the correlation method and R software, measures different orientation and extension rates of physics of squares in Yazd. It analyzes two models with orientation and physical extension as variables and evaluates the shade and sunlight in the space. The results reveal significant differences between desirable and undesirable options. Considering the climatic comfort of space users and residents at the same time, a rectangle with an extension ratio of one to several and the north-south orientation, making the lowest facade face the south, is the most appropriate physic for city squares.

scholarly journals HOW ARE PUBLIC SPACES SUSTAINING CULTURAL IDENTITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF CHINA’S INCREASINGLY GLOBALLY FOCUSED URBAN DEVELOPMENTS: USING A CASE STUDY OF PUTUO IN SHANGHAI

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-205
Author(s):  
Hee Sun (Sunny) Choi
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Urban Change ◽  
Global Presence ◽  
The City

This paper explores what it means for a public space to embody the city within rapid urban change in contemporary urban development and how a space can accomplish this by embracing the culture of the city, its people and its places, using the particular case of Putuo, Shanghai in China. The paper employs mapping and empirical surveys to learn how the local community use the act of communal dance in everyday public spaces of this neighborhood, and seeks not to find generalizable rules for how humans comprehend a city, but instead to better understand how local inhabitants and their chosen activities can influence their built environment. The findings from this emphasize the importance to identify how public spaces can help to define cities with China’s emerging global presence, whilst addressing the ways in which local needs and perspectives can be preserved.

A Novel Indicator for Assessing the Spatial Sustainability of Cities in Developing Countries - A Case Study of Xi’an City

2012 ◽  
Vol 616-618 ◽  
pp. 1335-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hui Ding ◽  
Shuo Xin Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhou Zhong ◽  
Yu Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
The City ◽  
Geographical Dimension

The geographical dimension of urbanization is of major importance in depicting the influences of urbanization on the development of a city, since complex social-ecological systems interact in a multitude of ways at many spatial scales across time. This research introduced an indicator for assessing the spatial sustainability of a city from the perspective of landscape ecology, to provide a reasonable way for quantifying the spatial dynamic of the urban area of a city and how close the pattern of urban expansion close to a ‘compact’ way. A case study has been done in Xi’an. With the application of remote sensing technology, landscape ecology and other necessary software, the spacial sustainability of Xi’an from 1988 to 2010 were calculated, the rapid urbanization in Xi’an has significantly promoted the spatial sustainability of city from 1988 to 2000 and 2006 to 2010, whereas exerted negative effects on the spatial sustainability of the city from 2000 to 2006.

scholarly journals Tales of the Olympic city: memory, narrative and the built environment

ZARCH ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 12-33
Author(s):  
John R. Gold ◽  
Margaret M. Gold
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Event Space ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Discussion Section ◽  
London 2012 ◽  
City Memory ◽  
The City ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Insight Into

The Olympics have a greater, more profound and more pervasive impact on the urban fabric of their host cities than any other sporting or cultural event.  This paper is concerned with issues of memory and remembering in Olympic host cities.  After a contextual introduction, it employs a case study of the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park (QEOP), the main event space for the London 2012 Summer Games, to supply insight into how to read the urban traces of Olympic memory.  Three key themes are identified when interpreting the memories associated with the Park and its built structures, namely: treatment of the area’s displaced past, memorializing the Games, and with memory legacy.  The ensuing discussion section then adopts a historiographic slant, stressing the importance of narrative and offering wider conclusions about Olympic memory and the city.

scholarly journals Medieval Porticoes of Rome: New Methods and Technologies for Revealing Rome’s Architectural and Urban Heritage

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selena Kathleen Anders
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Digital Tool ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
Traditional Scholarship ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Architectural Detail ◽  
The City

At the moment there are few comprehensive texts or instruments that allow architects, designers, historians, planners or even students the ability to understand the complex layers of a city’s urban fabric. As a result, this paper was prepared in order to be uploaded to a digital tool that allows for such exploration of the built environment.   The transformation of the city of Rome is documented in a number of sources and as a result makes it the ideal city for study of architectural and urban evolution.  As a case study in digital documentation this paper examines the medieval façade porticoes of Rome at three scales: urban, architectural, and detail.  The identification and mapping of these structures, are shown together allowing one to examine them in relation to historic and present day city maps.  In addition, their location is analyzed in relation to ancient Roman streets and historic processional routes, to observe the connection amongst their location and that of major thoroughfares of antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the Renaissance.  At the architectural scale, the detailed documentation in plan and elevation reveal four distinct variations that existed in the use of the residential façade portico.  At the scale of architectural detail, an inventory of reused architectural elements or spolia that make up the residential porticoes reveal the reuse of ancient Roman column shafts, bases and capitals as well as the medieval masons’ preference for the use of the Ionic capital in particular.  This paper prepares a methodology for digital deployment of traditional scholarship focused on architecture and the built environment.

scholarly journals Floating Development: An Alternative to Land Reclamation for Waterfront Development: A Case Study for Design and Construction of VLFS in Wellington

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Xin Sharyn Qu
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Floating Structure ◽  
Waterfront Development ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
Land Scarcity ◽  
Water Based ◽  
The City

<p><b>In countries Japan, Netherlands, and Singapore they experience increasing land scarcity due to concentration of population or flooding issue. The growing concerns over environmental degration and political conflicts due to land reclamation means land-filled is no longer an acceptable way. Thus these countries put greater emphasis on investigating and application of other alternatives, such as floating structure, to allow for urban expansion. In particular, Very Large Floating Structure (VLFS) is becoming increasing popular and promising.</b></p> <p>This thesis presents a range of water-based development that include urban and architectural scale, historical and recent, and focuses on analysing the urban aspects. Projects of Japan, Netherlands and Singapore are researched at lesser detail for understanding technical, economy and political considerations in a floating development. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the possibilities of having floating structure as a way to expand the city. The case study used is of VLFS on the Lambton Harbour of Wellington city, New Zealand, to demonstrate the feasibility.</p>

Using Resilience Indicators in the Prediction of Earthquake Recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venetia Despotaki ◽  
Luis Sousa ◽  
Christopher G. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Building Stock ◽  
Community Recovery ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Emergency Managers ◽  
Recovery Trajectory ◽  
Resilience Indicators ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

This paper presents a probabilistic methodology for the prediction of post-earthquake community recovery over time, based on a set of socioeconomic resilience parameters and a post-earthquake damage indicator. Pre-existing socioeconomic conditions are widely associated with the ability of a community to recover following an earthquake and, therefore, should be considered in a recovery prediction model. The city of Napa, California and the monitored recovery from the 2014 South Napa earthquake were used as a case study for the development and validation of the proposed methodology. The documentation of the recovery, which is herein associated with the recovery of the building stock, was accomplished via field surveys over a period of 18 months following the event. In addition to community-level recovery predictions in different areas over time, the methodology allows for the identification of the pre-existing socioeconomic parameters that most significantly affect the recovery trajectory. Thus, emergency managers can identify critical areas that take longer to recover, as well as identify strengths and weaknesses of their communities and respectively promote or address issues that facilitate recovery.

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