scholarly journals Coupling a Building Energy Simulation Tool with a Microclimate Model to Assess the Impact of cool Pavements on the Building’s Energy Performance. Application in a Dense Residential Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsoka ◽  
Tsikaloudaki ◽  
Theodosiou
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Building Unit ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Data Generator ◽  
The Impact

Replacing conventional pavements with the corresponding high albedo ones constitutes a well-known technique to improve outdoor thermal environment of modern cites. Since most of the existing studies assess the impact of the high albedo pavements at the pedestrian’s height and with respect to thermal comfort, this study aims to examine the effect of the application of highly reflective pavements on the heating and cooling energy needs of a building unit, located inside a dense urban area. Aiming at a higher accuracy of the energy performance simulations, an integrated computational method between ENVI-met model, Meteonorm weather data generator and Energy Plus software is established, to consider the site-specific microclimatic characteristics of the urban areas. The analysis is performed both for the design and the aged albedo values as significant changes may occur due to aging process. The analysis revealed that the application of cool materials on the ground surfaces only marginally affects the energy performance of the examined building unit, both for the design and the aged albedo value; changes on the annual heating and cooling energy demand, for both albedo scenarios did not exceed 1.5% revealing the limited potential of cool pavements regarding the improvement of the energy performance of urban building units.

scholarly journals Impacts of Microclimate Conditions on the Energy Performance of Buildings in Urban Areas

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javanroodi ◽  
M.Nik
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Architectural Form ◽  
Energy Performance Of Buildings ◽  
Microclimate Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Urbanization trends have changed the morphology of cities in the past decades. Complex urban areas with wide variations in built density, layout typology, and architectural form have resulted in more complicated microclimate conditions. Microclimate conditions affect the energy performance of buildings and bioclimatic design strategies as well as a high number of engineering applications. However, commercial energy simulation engines that utilize widely-available mesoscale weather data tend to underestimate these impacts. These weather files, which represent typical weather conditions at a location, are mostly based on long-term metrological observations and fail to consider extreme conditions in their calculation. This paper aims to evaluate the impacts of hourly microclimate data in typical and extreme climate conditions on the energy performance of an office building in two different urban areas. Results showed that the urban morphology can reduce the wind speed by 27% and amplify air temperature by more than 14%. Using microclimate data, the calculated outside surface temperature, operating temperature and total energy demand of buildings were notably different to those obtained using typical regional climate model (RCM)–climate data or available weather files (Typical Meteorological Year or TMY), i.e., by 61%, 7%, and 21%, respectively. The difference in the hourly peak demand during extreme weather conditions was around 13%. The impact of urban density and the final height of buildings on the results are discussed at the end of the paper.

scholarly journals Thermal effects of an innovative green wall on building energy performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Djedjig ◽  
M. El Ganaoui ◽  
R. Belarbi ◽  
R. Bennacer
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Green Wall ◽  
Building Energy Performance ◽  
Green Walls ◽  
The Impact

Green walls and green roofs are innovative construction technologies involving the use environmentally friendly materials. In addition to their aesthetical and environmental benefits, green walls have significant thermal effects on buildings and heat islands within high-density urban areas. In this paper, we study the impact of an innovative green wall system on building energy performance. These green walls have specific composition and particular geometry that can lead to higher thermal performances and therefore more significant impact on building energy performance. The development, validation and prior integration of a hygrothermal green wall model in a transient building simulation tool make possible the assessment of the energy performance of buildings when covered by green walls. The used model was adapted to be the particular forms and composition of the studied green walls. In parallel, this type of green walls has been installed on a one tenth building mockup to be experimented. The aim of the experiment is to measure the thermal effects and to calibrate some parameters of the numerical model. The results highlight the thermal benefits of this kind of green walls in summer condition. They reduce annual energy demand of building up to 37% for hot climates.

scholarly journals Energy Performance Assessment of Innovative Building Solutions Coming from Construction and Demolition Waste Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1226
Author(s):  
Beatriz Fraga-De Cal ◽  
Antonio Garrido-Marijuan ◽  
Olaia Eguiarte ◽  
Beñat Arregi ◽  
Ander Romero-Amorrortu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
The Impact

Prefabricated solutions incorporating thermal insulation are increasingly adopted as an energy conservation measure for building renovation. The InnoWEE European project developed three technologies from Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) materials through a manufacturing process that supports the circular economy strategy of the European Union. Two of them consisted of geopolymer panels incorporated into an External Thermal Insulation Composite System (ETICS) and a ventilated façade. This study evaluates their thermal performance by means of monitoring data from three pilot case studies in Greece, Italy, and Romania, and calibrated building simulation models enabling the reliable prediction of energy savings in different climates and use scenarios. Results showed a reduction in energy demand for all demo buildings, with annual energy savings up to 25% after placing the novel insulation solutions. However, savings are highly dependent on weather conditions since the panels affect cooling and heating loads differently. Finally, a parametric assessment is performed to assess the impact of insulation thickness through an energy performance prediction and a cash flow analysis.

The impact of technology on architecture in Iran with focus on saving in energy consumption

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (SE) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Allah Bakhsh Kavoosi ◽  
Shahin Heidari ◽  
Hamed Mazaherian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Demand Prediction ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given

Growth and development of technology caused enormous transformation and change in the world after Industrial Revolution. The contemporary human has prepared the platform for their realization in many activities that the humans were unable to do it in the past time and struck the dream of their realization in their mind so that today doing many of those activities have been apparently practical by human. This accelerating growth accompanied with consuming a lot of energy where with respect to restriction of the given existing resources, it created energy crises. On the other hand, along with growth in industry and requirement for manpower and immigration from village to city and basic architectural changes in houses, which have emerged due to change in social structure it has led to change in lifestyle and type and quantity of consuming energy in contemporary architecture. Inter alia, with increase in human’s capability, cooling and heating and acoustic and lighting technologies were also changed in architecture and using mechanical system was replaced by traditional systems. Application of modern systems, which resulted from growth of industry and development of technology and it unfortunately, caused further manipulation in nature and destruction of it by human in addition to improving capability and potential of human’s creativity. With respect to growth of population and further need for housing and tendency to the dependent heating and cooling systems to them in this article we may notice that the housing is assumed as the greatest consumer of energy to create balance among the exterior and interior spaces in line with creating welfare conditions for heating and cooling and lighting. The tables of energy demand prediction in Iran show that these costs and energy consumption will be dubbed with energy control smart management in architecture.

scholarly journals Indicator-Based Methodology for Assessing EV Charging Infrastructure Using Exploratory Data Analysis

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Lucas ◽  
Giuseppe Prettico ◽  
Marco Flammini ◽  
Evangelos Kotsakis ◽  
Gianluca Fulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Spatial Density ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Impact Indicator ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ev Charging

Electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure rollout is well under way in several power systems, namely North America, Japan, Europe, and China. In order to support EV charging infrastructures design and operation, little attempt has been made to develop indicator-based methods characterising such networks across different regions. This study defines an assessment methodology, composed by eight indicators, allowing a comparison among EV public charging infrastructures. The proposed indicators capture the following: energy demand from EVs, energy use intensity, charger’s intensity distribution, the use time ratios, energy use ratios, the nearest neighbour distance between chargers and availability, the total service ratio, and the carbon intensity as an environmental impact indicator. We apply the methodology to a dataset from ElaadNL, a reference smart charging provider in The Netherlands, using open source geographic information system (GIS) and R software. The dataset reveals higher energy intensity in six urban areas and that 50% of energy supplied comes from 19.6% of chargers. Correlations of spatial density are strong and nearest neighbouring distances range from 1101 to 9462 m. Use time and energy use ratios are 11.21% and 3.56%. The average carbon intensity is 4.44 gCO2eq/MJ. Finally, the indicators are used to assess the impact of relevant public policies on the EV charging infrastructure use and roll-out.

scholarly journals Outer wall with thermal barrier. Impact of the barrier on heat losses and CO2 emissions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-233
Author(s):  
Ewa Figiel ◽  
Dorota Leciej-Pirczewska
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Thermal Barrier ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Supply Systems

New demands for lowering energy consumption of buildings lead to many new solutions including, amongst others, the introduction of an outer wall thermal barrier for both heating and cooling effect. The analysed thermo-active-wall-barrier is a water-based system, where the pipes are embedded in the wall construction. It enables the use of a low-temperature barrier medium for space heating, thereby increasing the efficiency of all potential energy supply systems using renewable energy sources. The pipes form an active thermal barrier for heat transfer between the outer and the heated space. There are many possibilities to place the pipes in the wall for example in the case of energetic thermo-modernisation. Our research and calculations have shown that thermo-active-wall-barrier is sensitive to the location of pipes. The following paper also provides a study of the impact of thermal barrier on a building’s energy performance. The analysis was conducted for a single-family house in a temperate climate based on parameters taken from one of the Polish meteorological data-bases. Calculations using current procedure of evaluating building energy performance show, that the thermal barrier can contribute to signifi cant reduction of transmission energy loss thus lowering the environmental impact.

Energy performance of cool roofs under the impact of actual weather data

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 284-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirata Hosseini ◽  
Bruno Lee ◽  
Shahin Vakilinia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Performance ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Cool Roofs ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Impact Assessment for Building Energy Models Using Observed vs. Third-Party Weather Data Sets

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Lucas Segarra ◽  
Germán Ramos Ruiz ◽  
Vicente Gutiérrez González ◽  
Antonis Peppas ◽  
Carlos Fernández Bandera
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
Energy Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Energy Strategies

The use of building energy models (BEMs) is becoming increasingly widespread for assessing the suitability of energy strategies in building environments. The accuracy of the results depends not only on the fit of the energy model used, but also on the required external files, and the weather file is one of the most important. One of the sources for obtaining meteorological data for a certain period of time is through an on-site weather station; however, this is not always available due to the high costs and maintenance. This paper shows a methodology to analyze the impact on the simulation results when using an on-site weather station and the weather data calculated by a third-party provider with the purpose of studying if the data provided by the third-party can be used instead of the measured weather data. The methodology consists of three comparison analyses: weather data, energy demand, and indoor temperature. It is applied to four actual test sites located in three different locations. The energy study is analyzed at six different temporal resolutions in order to quantify how the variation in the energy demand increases as the time resolution decreases. The results showed differences up to 38% between annual and hourly time resolutions. Thanks to a sensitivity analysis, the influence of each weather parameter on the energy demand is studied, and which sensors are worth installing in an on-site weather station are determined. In these test sites, the wind speed and outdoor temperature were the most influential weather parameters.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Effects of Urban Form on Land Surface Temperature in Subtropical High-Density Urban Areas Using Machine Learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanwei Sun ◽  
Chao Gao ◽  
Jialin Li ◽  
Run Wang ◽  
Jian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cooling Effects ◽  
Urban Thermal Environment ◽  
The Impact

It is widely acknowledged that urban form significantly affects urban thermal environment, which is a key element to adapt and mitigate extreme high temperature weather in high-density urban areas. However, few studies have discussed the impact of physical urban form features on the land surface temperature (LST) from a perspective of comprehensive urban spatial structures. This study used the ordinary least-squares regression (OLS) and random forest regression (RF) to distinguish the relative contributions of urban form metrics on LST at three observation scales. Results of this study indicate that more than 90% of the LST variations were explained by selected urban form metrics using RF. Effects of the magnitude and direction of urban form metrics on LST varied with the changes of seasons and observation scales. Overall, building morphology and urban ecological infrastructure had dominant effects on LST variations in high-density urban centers. Urban green space and water bodies demonstrated stronger cooling effects, especially in summer. Building density (BD) exhibited significant positive effects on LST, whereas the floor area ratio (FAR) showed a negative influence on LST. The results can be applied to investigate and implement urban thermal environment mitigation planning for city managers and planners.

scholarly journals How Climate Trends Impact on the Thermal Performance of a Typical Residential Building in Madrid

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Soutullo ◽  
E. Giancola ◽  
M. J. Jiménez ◽  
J. A. Ferrer ◽  
M. N. Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
The Impact

Based on the European energy directives, the building sector has to provide comfortable levels for occupants with minimum energy consumption as well as to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This paper aims to compare the impact of climate change on the energy performance of residential buildings in order to derive potential design strategies. Different climate file inputs of Madrid have been used to quantify comparatively the thermal needs of two reference residential buildings located in this city. One of them represents buildings older than 40 years built according to the applicable Spanish regulations prior to 1979. The other refers to buildings erected in the last decade under more energy-restrictive constructive regulations. Three different climate databases of Madrid have been used to assess the impact of the evolution of the climate in recent years on the thermal demands of these two reference buildings. Two of them are typical meteorological years (TMY) derived from weather data measured before 2000. On the contrary, the third one is an experimental file representing the average values of the meteorological variables registered in Madrid during the last decade. Annual and monthly comparisons are done between the three climate databases assessing the climate changes. Compared to the TMYs databases, the experimental one records an average air temperature of 1.8 °C higher and an average value of relative humidity that is 9% lower.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document