scholarly journals The Influence of Farm Characteristics and Feed Compositions on the Environmental Impact of Pig Production in Flanders: Productivity, Energy Use and Protein Choices Are Key

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11623
Author(s):  
Klara Van Mierlo ◽  
Louise Baert ◽  
Ellen Bracquené ◽  
Johan De Tavernier ◽  
Annemie Geeraerd
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Pig Feed

The growing pig production sector is a large contributor of negative impacts to the environment and feed production is responsible for a large part of these impacts. Pig production systems, including feed compositions, are variable, resulting in variable potential environmental impacts. This study investigated the influence of different farm characteristics and feed compositions on the environmental impact of pig production in Flanders. A Life Cycle Assessment approach was followed, including data from 39 farms and monthly feed compositions in the year 2018. Even though feed production contributes significantly to the overall environmental impact of pig production, the results show that environmental impacts are more affected by variabilities in farm characteristics than by fluctuating feed compositions. A higher productivity, in terms of feed conversion efficiency and the number of pigs produced per sow, is generally related to lower environmental impacts. Another influencing factor is the type and amount of energy used. For feed consumption, high variabilities are observed for water use, mainly caused by varying levels of sugar cane molasses. Climate change impacts and variabilities are mainly caused by soy ingredients and their origin. Finally, amino acids show large contributions to the environmental impact of pig feed consumption. Our research highlights that future developments for reducing the environmental impact of pig production should target animal productivity, the type and amount of energy used and selection of protein sources in pig feed.

scholarly journals Effect of Three Husbandry Systems on Environmental Impact of Organic Pigs

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolyn Rudolph ◽  
Stefan Hörtenhuber ◽  
Davide Bochicchio ◽  
Gillian Butler ◽  
Roland Brandhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Pig Husbandry ◽  
By Products

This study examined the environmental impact of the three common organic pig husbandry systems, indoor (n = 24), partly outdoor (n = 30), and outdoor (n = 10), in eight European countries. Global warming (GWP), acidification (AP), and eutrophication potential (EP) was assessed per 1000 kg pig live weight on 64 farrow-to-finish pig production chains (cradle to farm gate). GWP, AP, and EP varied greatly, and the most important source was feed production, followed by housing. GWP did not differ between systems (p = 0.934), but AP in indoor systems and EP in outdoor systems were higher than in partly outdoor systems (p = 0.006 and p = 0.010, respectively). The higher AP in indoor systems can mainly be explained by NH3 arising from manure spreading, while PO4-eq arising from feed consumption and emissions on pasture accounted for the higher EP in outdoor systems. Associations of farm characteristics with (reduced) environmental impacts were mainly found for AP and EP, and included: (Increasing) farm size, numbers of piglets born and weaned per litter, (bought-in) mineral feed, and high-protein by-products, the latter probably connected to beneficial effects of appropriate dietary digestible lysine levels and feed conversion ratio. Increasing carcass weights and dietary cereal proportions were associated with higher environmental impacts. Overall, variation was mostly higher within than between systems, and measures to mitigate environmental impact were identified.

Towards a Green Quail Meat Production through Life Cycle Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 282-285
Author(s):  
Amir Hamzah Sharaai ◽  
Mohd Zulfadhli Mat Zainol ◽  
Khairul Izzuddin bin Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Iso 14040 ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Life Cycle Perspective ◽  
Cradle To Gate

Commercial conventional of poultry production at largest scale in this country show escalation year by year, together with high demand of poultry product in Malaysia market. The aim of this research was to identify environmental impact hotspots in the whole supply chain of quail meat production in Jasin, Melaka. At present, assessment of environmental impact of poultry production in Malaysia is lacking.Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the energy use and environmental impacts of quail meat production in Jasin,Melaka through life cycle assessment.A cradle-to-gate assessment including distribution stage was conducted based on the ISO 14040/14044 guidelines.Life cycle inventory data was collected from farmers and available literature. Life cycle impact assessment was conducted toidentify environmental impacts using the available method in theopenLCA software.Life cycle processes related to feed production, electricity and water were identified as the major hotspots for energy and they also showed the most significant contribution in GWP and acidication potential among the environmental impacts categories. Improving efficiency of energy and water consumption will reduce the environmental burden associated with quail meat production.Thus, at the end of this research, it will able to make industry player to understand and take into consideration the solutions in order to promote a green quail meat production.

scholarly journals The Effect of Best Crop Practices in the Pig and Poultry Production on Water Productivity in a Southern Brazilian Watershed

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3014
Author(s):  
Sofia Helena Zanella Carra ◽  
Julio Cesar Pascale Palhares ◽  
Katrin Drastig ◽  
Vania Elisabete Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Pig Feed

This study analyzes the relation between Brazilian broiler and pig production and water productivity using recently developed reference guidelines on water footprinting for livestock production systems and supply chains. Different rainfed crop arrangements, in different scenarios and producer regions in Brazil, were assessed. Water productivity of broiler feed consumption ranged from 0.63 to 1.38 kg per m3 water input to rainfed summer maize (safra) and from 1.20 to 2.21 kg per m3 water input to winter maize (safrinha) while it ranged from 0.28 to 0.95 kg per m3 water input to rainfed soy. For pig feed consumption, rainfed maize ranged from 0.68 to 1.49 kg per m3 water input (safra) and from 1.30 to 2.38 kg per m3 water input (safrinha) while it ranged from 0.30 to 1.03 kg per m3 water input to rainfed soy. A potential amount of water saving of 0.0336 km3 year−1 and 0.0202 km3 year−1 could be attained for producing broiler and pig feed, respectively, depending on the crop rotation and producer region. The results showed that the evapotranspiration of animal feed production represents more than 99% of the total water consumption for broiler and pig production in the study area. The implementation of best crop practices resulted in higher water productivity values of chicken and pork meat and also improved the rainfall water-saving in comparison to conventional agriculture. Hence, the water productivity of the animal production chain in tropical regions demands a close relation to agriculture in order to attain a better understanding and improvement of rainfall water productivity for animal feed production.

Quantifying the contribution of livestock health issues to the environmental impact of their production systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-114
Author(s):  
Stephen G. Mackenzie ◽  
◽  
Ilias Kyriazakis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Livestock Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Livestock Systems

The focus of this chapter is on the environmental impact consequences of endemic livestock health challenges that lead to deterioration in animal health, and on the potential impacts arising from their mitigations. The first part of the chapter concentrates on the potential of animal health to affect the environmental impact of livestock systems. Subsequently, it reviews the literature to date which has quantified the impact of health challenges for the environmental impacts of livestock systems. The potential of successful health interventions to mitigate negative environmental impacts represents a point of synergy between concerns around environmental sustainability and animal welfare, both of which represent 'hot topics' in the discourse surrounding the livestock industry and its sustainability. The challenges associated with modelling health interventions and their potential to mitigate environmental impacts constitute the last section in the chapter.

Starch and protein digestive dynamics in low-protein diets supplemented with crystalline amino acids

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 2250 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Y. Liu ◽  
P. H. Selle
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Commercial Chicken ◽  
Crystalline Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Diets

Digestive dynamics of starch and protein is defined as digestion of starch and protein, absorption of glucose and amino acids from the gut lumen and their transition across enterocytes to enter the portal circulation. Digestive dynamics consider the extent, rate and site of nutrient digestion along the small intestine and the bilateral, post-enteral bioavailability of glucose and amino acids. The underlying premise is that glucose and amino acids should be made available in appropriately balanced quantities at the sites of protein synthesis for efficient protein deposition and growth performance. Previous studies have suggested that feed conversion efficiency may be enhanced by rapidly digestible protein and that crystalline amino acids could be considered sources of ‘rapid protein’. At present, crystalline lysine, methionine and threonine are routinely included in broiler diets; moreover, an increasing array of both essential and non-essential crystalline amino acids is becoming commercially available. Despite unrestricted feed access in commercial chicken-meat production systems during the period of illumination, it appears that the intermittent feed consumption patterns of broiler chickens still provide scope for asynchronies in digestion and absorption of nutrients, which affects broiler performance. A better understanding of the post-enteral, bilateral bioavailability of glucose and amino acids in low-protein diets containing high levels of synthetic amino acids is clearly desirable and this applies equally to the relationship between crystalline and protein-bound amino acids.

scholarly journals Environmental impacts of pig production systems using European local breeds: The contribution of carbon sequestration and emissions from grazing

2019 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 117843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Nardina Trícia Rigo Monteiro ◽  
Aurélie Wilfart ◽  
Valerio Joe Utzeri ◽  
Nina Batorek Lukač ◽  
Urška Tomažin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Pig Production

scholarly journals Economic and environmental assessments of combined genetics and nutrition optimization strategies to improve efficiency of sustainable pork production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Soleimani ◽  
S Hermesch ◽  
H Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Individual Trait ◽  
Selection For

Abstract We evaluated the economic and environmental impacts of strategies that incorporated selection for pig feed:gain and dietary optimization based on a single or multiple objectives tailored to meet the population’s nutritional requirements, with the goal to optimize sustainable farm feed efficiency. The economic and environmental features of the strategy were evaluated using life cycle assessment (LCA) and bio-economic models. An individual trait-based LCA model was applied to evaluate global warming potential (GWP), terrestrial acidification potential (AP), freshwater eutrophication potential (EP), and land occupation (LO) of the combined genetics and nutrition optimization to produce 1kg of live pig weighing 120kg at the farm gate. A parametric individual trait-based bio-economic model was developed and applied to determine the cost breakdown, revenue and profit to be gained from a 120kg live pig at the farm gate. Applying the combined genetics and nutrition optimization, the individual performance traits of pigs from two genetic lines with contrasted levels of feed efficiency were simulated with InraPorc in response to diets formulated for least cost, least environmental impacts, or minimum combination of cost and environmental impacts objectives, and accounting for the nutritional requirements of each line. Significant differences in the environmental impacts (P < 0.0001) and profit (P < 0.05) between lines predicted the same reference diet showed that selection for feed efficiency (residual feed intake, RFI) in pigs improves pig production sustainability. When pig responses were simulated with their line optimized diets, except for EP, all the line environmental impacts were less (P < 0.05) than with the reference diet. The high correlations of feed conversion ratio (FCR) with the environmental impacts (> 0.82) and the profit (< -0.88) in both lines underline the importance of feed efficiency as a lever for the sustainability of pig production systems. Implementing combined genetics and nutrition optimization, the inherent profit and environmental differences between the genetic lines was predicted to be reduced from 23.4% with the reference diet to 7.6% with the diet optimized jointly for economic and environmental objectives (joint diet). Consequently, for increased pig sustainability, diet optimization for sustainability objectives should be applied to cover the specific nutritional requirements arising in the herd from the pigs’ genetic level.

scholarly journals Effect of Production System and Age on the Growth Performance and Carcass Traits of Pheasants (Phasianus colchicus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-229
Author(s):  
Umut Sami Yamak ◽  
Musa Sarica ◽  
Mehmet Akif Boz ◽  
Ahmet Ucar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Phasianus Colchicus ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Slaughter Age

AbstractA total of 211 pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) were reared using two different production systems (free range and intensive) to determine the effect of production system and slaughter age on growth performance and carcass traits. Birds were slaughtered at 14, 16, and 18 weeks of age. Production system did not significantly affect body weight until 18 weeks; at this age, pheasants reared in free range exhibited a higher average weight (1149 g vs. 1012 g). Total feed consumption and feed conversion ratios did not differ among production systems. The most in-demand portions of the carcass (breast and leg) were not affected by differences in production system. The leg and breast proportions which were the most edible parts of the carcass were around 26% and 35%, respectively, in both free-range and intensive systems.

scholarly journals Performa Pertumbuhan Ayam IPB-D1 pada Perlakuan Pakan dan Manajemen Pemeliharaan yang Berbeda

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fikri Al Habib ◽  
Sri Murtini ◽  
Luci Cyrilla ◽  
Irma Isnafia Arief ◽  
Rita Mutia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Body Weights

ABSTRAK. Pelepasan ayam IPB-D1 sebagai rumpun baru yang disebar di masyarakat maka sistem pemeliharaannya secara umum bersifat ekstensif dan pakan yang diberikan memanfaatkan pakan lokal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui performa ayam IPB-D1 dengan perlakuan pemeliharaan P1 (sistem kandang Closed House dan penggunaan 100% pakan komersil) serta perlakuan P2 (sistem kandang umbaran dan pencampuran pakan lokal hingga 70%). Penelitian ini menggunakan ayam IPB-D1 berjumlah 503 ekor DOC yang dipelihara hingga umur 12 minggu. Performa ayam diukur berdasarkan bobot badan, laju pertumbuhan, konsumsi pakan, konversi pakan serta tingkat kematian ayam pada umur DOC-12 minggu. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan menyajikan rataan, simpangan baku, koefisien keragaman dan analisis statistik menggunakan uji T. Hasil penelitian performa ayam IPB-D1 pada perlakuan P1 diperoleh bobot badan jantan 1378.26±94.56 g dan betina 1178.33±119.33 g, sedangkan pada perlakuan P2 diperoleh bobot badan jantan 1173.8±260.1 g dan betina 957±201.7 g. Laju pertumbuhan pada kedua perlakuan bersifat positif, serta konversi pakan pada perlakuan P1 (2.88) dan P2 (3.44) cukup baik. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ayam IPB-D1 diperoleh performa yang sangat baik pada perlakuan P1 dan mampu beradaptasi pada perlakuan kandang sistem umbaran serta mampu memanfaatkan campuran pakan lokal yang baik pada perlakuan P2.  (The growth performance of IPB-D1 chickens in different feed treatments and production systems) ABSTRACT. The release of the IPB-D1 chicken as a new breed that is spread in the community, the production system is generally extensive and the feed provided utilizes local feed. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of IPB-D1 chicken with production treatment P1 (Closed House cage and use of 100% commercial feed) and P2 treatment (outdoor cage and use local feed mixing up to 70%). This study used 503 DOC IPB-D1 chickens which were maintained until 12 weeks of age. Chicken performance was measured based on body weight, growth rate, feed consumption, feed conversion and chicken mortality at 1-12 weeks. Data were statistically analyzed using the T test and descriptive analysis with means, standard deviations, and coefficient of diversity. The results of the study of the performance of IPB-D1 chickens in P1 treatment obtained male body weights 1378.26 ± 94.56 g and females 1178.33 ± 119.33 g, while in P2 treatment obtained male body weights 1173.8 ± 260.1 g and females 957 ± 201.7 g. Growth rates in both treatments were positive, and feed conversion was good in P1 treatments (2.88) and P2 treatments (3.44). The conclusion is that the IPB-D1 chicken obtained a very good performance in the P1 treatment and was able to adapt to the treatment of outdoor cages and was able to utilize the local feed mixture in the P2 treatment.

scholarly journals Kapalı ve Serbest Gezinmeli Üretim Sistemlerinde Doğal ve Yapay Kuluçka ile Üretilen Kazların Ekonomik Değerlendirmesi

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Akif Boz ◽  
Musa Sarıca ◽  
Umut Sami YAMAK
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Animal Material ◽  
Relative Profit

This study executed the economic return of naturally and artificially hatched geese in intensive and free-range production systems at different fattening periods. The animal material was consisted of 216 goslings which were naturally and artificially hatched from the eggs collected from back-yard. Goslings and feed was the highest share of variable expenses. Highest net profit from live and carcass sales was obtained from geese which were artificially hatched and reared in intensive (YK) and free-range (YSG) systems until 14, 16 and 18 weeks of age. Live sale relative profit was found higher at 14 weeks in YK and YSG groups. Relative profit of carcass sales in YSG and YK groups at 14 and 16 weeks; and YK group at 18 weeks. As a conclusion, when we consider feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and probable mortality at older ages-related to metabolic problems; 14 weeks seemed as the optimal slaughter age and economic return for the naturally and artificially hatched geese which were reared in intensive and free-range systems.

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