scholarly journals Socio-Economic Conditions of Small-Scale Hilsa Fishers in the Meghna River Estuary of Chandpur, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12470
Author(s):  
Maruf Ahmed ◽  
Sabrina Jannat Mitu ◽  
Petra Schneider ◽  
Masud Alam ◽  
Mohammad Mojibul Hoque Mozumder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Estuary ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fishing Community ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
The Government ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Hilsa fish (Tenualosa ilisha) have become an essential factor behind the well-being of the fishing community, giving fishers their identity as a source of cultural heritage. A field survey was conducted to understand the socio-economic conditions of hilsa fishers at the Meghna river estuary of Chandpur District using well-structured questionnaire interviews (N = 250) with hilsa fishers. The survey revealed that fishers’ livelihoods and living conditions were still below average due to low literacy levels, lack of professional skills, and low incomes. More than two-thirds of the fishers were entirely dependent on hilsa fishing, while more than one-third had between 11 and 20 years of fishing experience. More than two-thirds of the fishers did not have an alternative occupation during ban periods, and the incentives provided by the government were not adequately received by half of the fishers. Fishers were divided into three groups according to their dependence on hilsa fishing. Significant differences were found between these groups in terms of the age of fishers, annual income from fishing, and annual fishing activity days. Therefore, the government, Fisheries cooperatives, NGOs, and other relevant organizations must unite to support fishers for sustainable management.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Socio-Economic Benefits of Small-Scale Gold Mining in Malawi

Mining ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-34
Author(s):  
Tiyamike Haundi ◽  
Gift Tsokonombwe ◽  
Steven Ghambi ◽  
Theresa Mkandawire ◽  
Ansley Kasambara
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Gold Rush ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
The Government

In the recent years, there has been a surge in artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) in various districts of Malawi. Reports of a gold rush have emerged in various districts, including Mangochi, Lilongwe, Balaka, and lately in Kasungu. There has been persistence by many indigenous communities participating in ASGM activities, yet little is being done by the government to formalize and support the sub-sector. The purpose of this study was to investigate the benefits of artisanal small-scale gold mining in Malawi and expose the shortfalls so that key stakeholders and policy makers are well informed. A quantitative approach which used semi-structured questionnaires was used and the data was analyzed using Microsoft excel and Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The study shows that ASGM is characterized by people with low literacy levels, who use traditional tools (low-tech) and use methods fueled by lack of capital, and deficiency of basic knowledge of mining and geology. The study found that the government could achieve substantial socio-economic development from the sector by: (1) revising the current artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) legislation so that it embraces the customary practices whilst safeguarding the environment and improving the tax collection base; (2) providing support in form of mining related training and education to these communities; (3) leading in transfer of modern technologies for improved extraction; (4) supporting ASM cooperatives in securing credit facilities from financial institutions; and (5) closing the existing knowledge gap for ASM related issues through introduction of mining desk officers in district councils.

Investigation Of The Impact Of Networking Among Tenants In The Seda Limpopo Jewellery Incubator In South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Forbes Chiromo ◽  
Goodwell Muyengwa ◽  
Joseph Makuvaza
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Metal Fabrication ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

AbstractThis study investigates the extent to which tenants in a jewellery incubator in the Limpopo Province of South Africa network. Since 1994 SEDA has set up more than 31 incubation centres in furniture making, construction, chemicals, jewellery, ICT, metal fabrication, agriculture and small scale mining. This study was done through a survey conducted on tenants in the SEDA Limpopo Jewellery Incubator (SLJI). Information was obtained through a structured questionnaire. The study revealed how tenants benefit from networking around exhibitions and collective purchasing of raw material. Through the Incubator institutional mechanisms, the study explains how tenants share expertise, experiences, technology and resources. Unfortunately the tenants do not initiate the own networking programmes. They lose out on benefits associated with collective effort in other areas such as advertisements, lobbying the government for industrial stands, organising an newsletter, hiring of consultants, and organising joint training programmes. Lastly the study identified opportunities that the tenants could collectively exploit in order strengthen and sustain their businesses.

Perception of Small-Scale Entrepreneurs Towards Government Support in Uttarakhand

2021 ◽  
pp. 097084642110548
Author(s):  
Kamal Joshi ◽  
Ritu Bharti ◽  
R. C. Dangwal
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Online Support ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Investment Promotion ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Entrepreneurship is seen as a driving force for economic development and job creation. Hence, the government offers different forms of support to entrepreneurs. Many researchers have examined the effectiveness of government support. However, the question of how small-scale entrepreneurs perceive government assistance remains unanswered. The study seeks to assess the perception of small-scale entrepreneurs towards government support and also tries to explore some underlying factors pertaining to government support towards entrepreneurship development in Uttarakhand. The study is based on primary data collected from 240 small-scale entrepreneurs, using a self-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to interpret the results. It has been found that small-scale entrepreneurs have a positive perception towards single window clearance system, investment promotion facility centre and timelines for business approvals. The study further found that small-scale entrepreneurs have a negative perception towards the interest rate, transparency in loan sanctioning and the behaviour of the employees of financial institutions. The study also extracted three important factors from PCA and named them as an online support system, transparency and financial support.

scholarly journals LAND GRABBING OR RICE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY? THE CASE OF WANBAO PROJECT IN GAZA, MOZAMBIQUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Sérgio Jordão Augusto Ponguane ◽  
Bento Mussumbuluco ◽  
Nézia Mucavele
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Land Grabbing ◽  
Contract Farming ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Development Opportunity ◽  
Customary Rights ◽  
The Government ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Demand for agricultural land by foreign investors has been increasing in Mozambique over the last years and the Wanbao project is an example. The implementation of this project in Gaza has divided opinions between the government, civil society and academia. This study aims to contribute to the debate on whether Wanbao project can be considered as land grabbing and the extent to which the project contributes to the development of small-scale agriculture in Gaza Province. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire in December 2019 and January 2020, covering a total of 66 household affected by the Wanbao project. The data were analyzed by a descriptive statistic and a cross-check of the Mozambican land law, the available literature on land grabbing and the information collected on the ground from the farmers affected by the project. The results show that the land concession to Wanbao was made without any consideration of customary rights, however, it was found that the contract farming program can increase rice productivity in the short term, but its sustainability remains questionable. Thus, if the Mozambican government intends to transform agriculture through large investments, it must ensure that the concession of land respects customary rights and the companies involved ensure the transfer of technologies in an effective and sustainable manner.

scholarly journals Subjective Well-being of Indramayu Regency’s Fishermen

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Zuzy Anna ◽  
Rahmahwati Rosidah ◽  
Iskandar ◽  
Achmad Rizal ◽  
Tri Dewi K. Pribadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Average Standard Deviation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Satisfaction Domain

Fisherman in Indonesia is still dominated by small-scale fishermen or traditional fishermen. This condition is very vulnerable to poverty with condition is identical with low well-being. This research was conducted in Indramayu from February to May 2018 by interviewing 100 fishermen. This study aims to analyze the domain of life satisfaction and subjective well-being of fishermen because prosperity is generally measured objectively through standards made by the government. Structured questionnaires are used to find out whether they are satisfied with their life or not in certain conditions such as satisfaction with fishing gear, government policies, the environment, the relationship between them and others. Life satisfaction domain analysis is used to determine which domain is the most dominant. The method used in this study is a purposive sampling method which is a sample determination technique with certain considerations. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, namely average, standard deviation, and variance. Subjective welfare levels are categorized into four classes, very poor, poor, good, and very good. The results show that Indramayu. Fishermen belong to a very good subjective well-being.   Keywords: Subjective Well-being, Fishermen, Fishing Gear, Well-being domain

scholarly journals Composting: A Sustainable Route for Processing of Biodegradable Waste in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-60
Author(s):  
Ashootosh Mandpe ◽  
Sweta Kumari ◽  
Sunil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Biodegradable Waste ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Government ◽  
Increasing Demand

AbstractSurging populations, coupled with the ever-increasing demand for sustenance, have led to the generation of behemoth proportions of wastes throughout the globe. The processing of such a considerable amount of waste has raised concerns for environmental planners, policymakers, and researchers in regard to maintaining sustainability. Biodegradable waste is a part of the total waste stream. Consideration should be given to the importance of making better use of biodegradable waste. The technology that is adopted for the management of biodegradable waste should be ecologically sustainable and cost-effective, as well as beneficial to social well-being. The most efficient way of managing biodegradable waste must include different methods for the optimal utilisation of such waste, ranging from the small scale (single household) to the very large scale (entire city). Amid all the other waste processing technologies, composting stands out as a most potent option because of its ability to maintain and restore soil fertility, along with the transformation of waste into a resource. Composting is one of the few technologies which has a benefit–cost ratio higher than 1 at all scales of operation. This chapter analyses the most significant aspects of the composting process, including the recent developments and dynamics involved in it. The chapter discusses various aspects of composting via analysis of the integrated waste management system and composting-related projects implemented at the community level in the Indian context. Finally, the chapter presents policies and the efforts put in place by the Government of India with the aim of encouraging composting practice and related activities.

Shipbuilding’s Supplier Base: Outlook for the ’90s and Beyond

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
D. Scott Stabler
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Future Action ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economic Well Being

A review of the outlook for American shipbuilding and its supplier base as both enter the '90s is presented. The inexorable link between demand at shipbuilder level and revenue for suppliers mandates analysis of both macro and micro economic conditions. Included is a review of the shipbuilding industry, factors determining contracting levels and direction as well as the resultant impact upon domestic suppliers. As a focus for future action, the current status of the supplier base is presented, including projection of what fallout can be anticipated in light of the anticipated reduction in funding levels for naval shipbuilding. Recommendations for mitigating these impacts, including philosophical change in DOD contractor management strategies, development of a more commercially-oriented Navy and a revised focus for U.S. trade policy on shipbuilding, are presented. The paper concludes that the Government must work directly with shipbuilders and their suppliers to ensure that America maintains her capability to produce the warships necessary for defense and reestablishes her ability to maintain economic well-being via production of her own link to worldwide commerce.

scholarly journals Importance of recreational shore angling in the archipelago of Madeira, Portugal (northeast Atlantic)

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-341
Author(s):  
Roi Martínez-Escauriaza ◽  
Margarida Hermida ◽  
Sebastián Villasante ◽  
Lídia Gouveia ◽  
Nuno Gouveia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fishing Pressure ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Northeast Atlantic ◽  
Teleost Species ◽  
Diplodus Sargus ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
The Government ◽  
Average Catch

In 2017, a total of 4825 licences were issued for shore angling in Madeira. Surveys were conducted on 734 anglers, some in the government fisheries office during the licence request and others during the fishing activity. Shore angling is practised throughout the year, mostly at weekends and during day time, and with an increase in summer. More than 60% of the anglers are unemployed, have low incomes, and spend on average €254 per person per year on this activity, adding up to a total of €1.16 million per year. Shore angling average number of fishing days per year per fisher was 65.1±62.0 and the average catch per unit of effort was 0.35±0.26 kg/angler/hour. The estimated total annual catch was 520.7 t. Forty-three teleost species, 2 elasmobranchs and 6 invertebrates were identified in the catches. Despite the limitations and inaccuracies inherent to the surveys, they still provided valuable information and gave a general perception of the recreational shore fisheries in Madeira. The possible impact on the most captured species, such as the white seabream, Diplodus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758), and the parrotfish Sparisoma cretense (Linnaeus, 1758), should be analysed because high fishing pressure could affect populations and ecosystems.

scholarly journals Smallholder Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Insurance Schemes: An Analysis of the Inhibitors in Kogi State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2159-2165
Author(s):  
Benjamin Chiedozie Okpukpara ◽  
Olusegun Adebayo ◽  
Ikenna Charles Ukwuaba
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Insurance Premium ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Agricultural Insurance ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The study examined the constraints of access to the use of agricultural insurance schemes (AIS) by small-scale farmers in Kogi State, Nigeria. Sustainable agricultural enterprise in most developing countries like Nigeria can be achieved through adequate financing especially in the area of agricultural insurance. Despite the existence of insurance services by the Nigerian Agricultural Insurance Corporation and other private firms in Nigeria, there has been a low level of participation of farmers buying insurance premium; thus, there is a need to examine the hindrances in accessing the scheme. The specific objectives were to describe the socio-economics characteristic of small- scale farmers, examine the types of agricultural insurance and evaluate the constraints in accessing AIS in the study area. Primary data were collected from 150 farmers with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results showed that farmers in the study area were dominated by the married (68%), literates (81.33) and males (73.33%) with the mean age and farming experience of 47 and 19 years respectively. Crop insurance (56%) and farm implement insurance (46%) were the major types of agricultural insurance used by the farmers. Rigorous procedures in claim settlement (3.266), poor government attention (3.106) poor repayment (3.080) and non-coverage of all the crops (3.093) were among the major challenges in accessing AIS) in the study area. The study recommended that the government through the ministry of Agriculture or Bank of Agriculture should eliminate the bureaucratic processes and bottlenecks encountered by the farmers in accessing AIS.

PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Alfred Eboh
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

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