scholarly journals AMDV Vaccine: Challenges and Perspectives

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1833
Author(s):  
Nathan M. Markarian ◽  
Levon Abrahamyan
Keyword(s):  
Serological Testing ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Wildlife Protection ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Aleutian Mink Disease Virus ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Significant Disease ◽  
Shed Light

Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) is known to cause the most significant disease in the mink industry. It is globally widespread and manifested as a deadly plasmacytosis and hyperglobulinemia. So far, measures to control the viral spread have been limited to manual serological testing for AMDV-positive mink. Further, due to the persistent nature of this virus, attempts to eradicate Aleutian disease (AD) have largely failed. Therefore, effective strategies to control the viral spread are of crucial importance for wildlife protection. One potentially key tool in the fight against this disease is by the immunization of mink against AMDV. Throughout many years, several researchers have tried to develop AMDV vaccines and demonstrated varying degrees of protection in mink by those vaccines. Despite these attempts, there are currently no vaccines available against AMDV, allowing the continuation of the spread of Aleutian disease. Herein, we summarize previous AMDV immunization attempts in mink as well as other preventative measures with the purpose to shed light on future studies designing such a potentially crucial preventative tool against Aleutian disease.

scholarly journals AMDV Vaccine: Challenges and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan M. Markarian ◽  
Levon Abrahamyan
Keyword(s):  
Serological Testing ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Wildlife Protection ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Aleutian Mink Disease Virus ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Significant Disease ◽  
Shed Light

Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) is known to cause the most significant disease in the mink industry. It is globally widespread and manifested as a deadly plasmacytosis and hyperglobulinemia. So far, measures to control viral spread have been limited to manual serological testing for AMDV-positive mink. Further, due to the persistent nature of this virus, attempts to eradicate Aleutian disease (AD) have largely failed. Therefore, effective strategies to control viral spread are of crucial importance for wildlife protection. One potentially key tool in the fight against this disease is by immunization of mink against AMDV. Throughout many years, several researchers have tried to develop AMDV vaccines and demonstrated varying degrees of protection in mink by those vaccines. Despite these attempts, there are currently no vaccines available against AMDV, allowing the continuation of the spread of Aleutian disease. Herein, we summarize previous AMDV immunization attempts in mink as well as other preventative measures with the purpose to shed light on future studies designing such a potentially crucial preventative tool against Aleutian disease.

scholarly journals The Landscape of microRNAs in βCell: Between Phenotype Maintenance and Protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Emanuela Grieco ◽  
Noemi Brusco ◽  
Giada Licata ◽  
Daniela Fignani ◽  
Caterina Formichi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycaemia ◽  
Shed Light

Diabetes mellitus is a group of heterogeneous metabolic disorders characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia mainly due to pancreatic β cell death and/or dysfunction, caused by several types of stress such as glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity and inflammation. Different patho-physiological mechanisms driving β cell response to these stresses are tightly regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of negative regulators of gene expression, involved in pathogenic mechanisms occurring in diabetes and in its complications. In this review, we aim to shed light on the most important miRNAs regulating the maintenance and the robustness of β cell identity, as well as on those miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of the two main forms of diabetes mellitus, i.e., type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Additionally, we acknowledge that the understanding of miRNAs-regulated molecular mechanisms is fundamental in order to develop specific and effective strategies based on miRNAs as therapeutic targets, employing innovative molecules.

scholarly journals A Case Study of Chinese Students’ and IEP Faculty Perceptions of a Creativity and Critical Thinking Course

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Badger
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
International Students ◽  
Faculty Perceptions ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Intensive English ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Intensive English Programs ◽  
Analytic Skills

The attention to fostering learners’ critical thinking and creativity skills in secondary school and college students is growing in Western and non-Western countries. This study investigated the integration of a creativity and critical thinking course in an Intensive English Programs (IEP) to determine how the same course may contribute to international students’ linguistic skills and analytic abilities in preparation for college. Perry’s (1970) conceptual framework was adopted to analyze Chinese students’ views of problems presented in a creativity and critical thinking course, and how the same knowledge related to the Chinese students’ prior educational experiences as well as connect to their future studies. IEP faculty and administrator’s perceptions provided an additional perspective into the purpose and learning outcomes of the same course. Findings from this research address a gap in the literature that seeks effective strategies and models for IEPs to foster international students’ analytic skills in preparation for college studies.

scholarly journals Field (In)dependence Flexibility Following a Virtual Immersion Is Associated With Cybersickness and Sense of Presence

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Maneuvrier ◽  
L. M. Decker ◽  
P. Renaud ◽  
G. Ceyte ◽  
H. Ceyte
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cues ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Level ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

Field dependence–independence (FDI) is a psychological construct determining an individual’s approach of the perception–cognition coupling. In virtual reality (VR) context, several studies suggest that an individual’s perceptive style is susceptible to shift toward a more FI mode through down-weighting of conflicting visual cues. The present study proposes to investigate the potential flexible nature of FDI following a virtual immersion and to assess if this flexibility might be associated with the subjective experience of VR. 86 participants explored a real-world–like virtual environment for approximately 10 min. FDI levels were measured before and after the VR exposure using the rod-and-frame test. Their subjective experience of VR was measured a posteriori (cybersickness and sense of presence) and used in order to build two experimental groups via a cluster analysis. The results showed that only participants with a poor subjective experience of VR (i.e., a low level of sense of presence associated with a high level of cybersickness) significantly shifted to a more FI mode, which is discussed as a sensory re-weighting mechanism. Pragmatical applications are discussed, and future studies are outlined, based on the conclusion that FDI might be more flexible than we thought, which could shed light on the psychophysiology of VR.

scholarly journals Unexpected cryptic species among streptophyte algae most distant to land plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1963) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iker Irisarri ◽  
Tatyana Darienko ◽  
Thomas Pröschold ◽  
Janine M. R. Fürst-Jansen ◽  
Mahwash Jamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Plants ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Plant Form ◽  
Phylogenomic Analyses ◽  
And Function ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Green Lineage

Streptophytes are one of the major groups of the green lineage (Chloroplastida or Viridiplantae). During one billion years of evolution, streptophytes have radiated into an astounding diversity of uni- and multicellular green algae as well as land plants. Most divergent from land plants is a clade formed by Mesostigmatophyceae, Spirotaenia spp. and Chlorokybophyceae. All three lineages are species-poor and the Chlorokybophyceae consist of a single described species, Chlorokybus atmophyticus. In this study, we used phylogenomic analyses to shed light into the diversity within Chlorokybus using a sampling of isolates across its known distribution. We uncovered a consistent deep genetic structure within the Chlorokybus isolates, which prompted us to formally extend the Chlorokybophyceae by describing four new species. Gene expression differences among Chlorokybus species suggest certain constitutive variability that might influence their response to environmental factors. Failure to account for this diversity can hamper comparative genomic studies aiming to understand the evolution of stress response across streptophytes. Our data highlight that future studies on the evolution of plant form and function can tap into an unknown diversity at key deep branches of the streptophytes.

scholarly journals Binicilik Antrenörü Gözünde Hippoterapi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2131-2138
Author(s):  
Ali Ekber Ün
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Individuals With Disabilities ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Current Review ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expert Team ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Shed Light

The purpose of this review article is to collaborate on future studies about hippotherapy to horse and riding trainers, health professionals, veterinarians, individuals in need and individuals with disabilities and their relatives and to shed light on academic studies. It has been stated in studies that hippotherapy is beneficial for patients in the world. Therefore, as a result of new private hippotherapy centers in public institutions and in Turkey, studies on hippotherapy have been started. The studies carried out in hippotherapy are increasing and widespread and continuing to contribute to the treatment of the individuals in need and individuals with disabilities with hippotherapy sessions with expert teams. However, in the studies, the sessions of the hippotherapy team with two common creatures have great duties on the equestrian coaches in order to meet the needs of the horse and the individual in need or individual with disability. For this reason, since hippotherapy is a multidisciplinary team work consisting of specialist professionals, it has been researched to contribute to the horse and rider coaches on the field and to the expert team attending the sessions, to the new experts and the families of the individuals in need and disabled individuals. In the current review, the information about the history of hippotherapy and development, information about hippotherapy institutions in Turkey, individuals in need and individuals with disabilities, benefits of hippotherapy, characteristics of the hippotherapy horse, training of the hippotherapy horse are emphasized, and especially emphasis is placed on the use of work in the field of horse and equestrian coaching.

E-Government Development and Implementation

2011 ◽  
pp. 497-507
Author(s):  
Wayne Huang ◽  
Yinging Chen ◽  
K. L. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Government Research ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Government Development

This article intends to review important research issues in e-government and aims to shed light on future studies on e-government in a global setting. Specifically, this article: (1) reviews the background and development of e-government in developed and developing countries; and (2) identifies and discusses key issues and future trends/challenges in e-government research, which provides some insights and directions for future studies in e-government.

scholarly journals Materialism, social stratification, and ethics: evidence from SME owners in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taoyong Su ◽  
Junzhe Ji ◽  
Qingan Huang ◽  
Lei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Ethical Attitudes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Ethical Attitude ◽  
Attitudes Toward Money ◽  
Shed Light

PurposeThe study of business ethics has seldom shed light on small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) despite their theoretical and practical significance. Drawing from strain perspective, the purpose of this paper is to address this insufficiency and investigate SME owners’ ethical attitudes toward money-related deviances.Design/methodology/approachBased on a large sample of 741 Chinese SMEs, an OLS regression analysis was employed to test associated hypotheses. The robustness of results was additionally checked.FindingsThe results suggest that for stratification variables, education level is positively related to ethical attitudes, whereas household income level is surprisingly negatively associated with ethical attitudes; for materialism facets, success and happiness exert a negative impact on ethical attitudes as hypothesized, but centrality has no associated impact.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has examined both structural and motivational sources of personal strains on the ethical attitude of SME owners, while the characteristics of these strains could be explored in the future studies.Originality/valueThis study advances and complements the dominant behavior approach that emphasizes cognitive and other psychological processes in explaining individual ethical attitudes. It is also seemingly the first study to examine the influence of three materialism facets on entrepreneurial ethical attitudes.

scholarly journals Cognitive Functioning in Patients with Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis, an Updated Review and Future Focus

Children ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy B. Parrish ◽  
Emily Fields
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pediatric Onset

Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) is relatively rare, but as technology and neuroimaging advance, an increasing number of cases are identified, and our understanding of how multiple sclerosis (MS) impacts the developing brain improves. There are consistent findings in the literature highlighting the impact of MS and other demyelinating diseases on cognitive functioning and cognitive development. We also have a better understanding of how POMS impacts psychosocial functioning and functional outcomes in daily living. This paper hopes to review findings associated with cognitive and psychosocial functioning in patients with POMS, as well as explore more recent advances in the field and how they relate to cognitive and psychosocial outcomes. We also discuss the ongoing need for future studies with a focus on better understanding deficits and disease correlates, but also preventative measures and potential rehabilitation.

Analysis of Tugboat Activities using AIS Data for the Tianjin Port

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (5) ◽  
pp. 498-509
Author(s):  
Shukai Chen ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Xiaoyang Wei ◽  
Zhijia Tan ◽  
Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Service Time ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Shed Light

The tugboat is the vessel that helps to maneuver large ships for berthing and un-berthing operations. To achieve efficient tugboat operations, investigating the features of tugboat activities is of crucial importance. This study aims to use automatic identification system (AIS) data to identify the maneuver services and analyze the characteristics of tugboat activities. A two-stage algorithm is developed to extract the time, locations, and involved tugboats for berthing and un-berthing operations from AIS data. The AIS data from Tianjin port, China, are used in the case study to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and analyze the pattern of tugboat activities. First, some important features of tugboat jobs are presented, such as the daily number of jobs and the spatial distribution of jobs. Then, a temporal and spatial analysis is conducted to investigate tugboat assignment, service time, tugboat utilization, and locations of berthing and un-berthing operations. The obtained results and implications could shed light on the deployment of tugboat berths, tugboat scheduling, and evaluation of tugboat fleet operation.

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