REUTIVAR: Model for Precision Fertigation Scheduling for Olive Orchards Using Reclaimed Water

Olive orchard is the most representative and iconic crop in Andalusia (Southern Spain). It is also considered one of the major economic activities of this region. However, due to its extensive growing area, olive orchard is also the most water-demanding crop in the Guadalquivir River Basin. In addition, its fertilization is commonly imprecise, which causes over-fertilization, especially nitrogen. This leads to pollution problems in both soil and water, threating the environment and the system sustainability. This concern is further exacerbated by the use of reclaimed water to irrigate since water is already a nutrient carrier. In this work, a model which determines the real-time irrigation and fertilization scheduling for olive orchard, applying treated wastewater, has been developed. The precision fertigation model considers weather information, both historical and forecast data, soil characteristics, hydraulic characteristics of the system, water allocation, tree nutrient status, and irrigation water quality. As a result, daily information about irrigation time and fertilizer quantity, considering the most susceptible crop stage, is provided. The proposed model showed that by using treated wastewater, additional fertilization was not required, leading to significant environmental benefits but also benefits in the total farm financial costs.

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Development of Košice Region by Implementation of Environmental Projects in the Field of Water Management - Case Study

Ekológia (Bratislava) ◽

10.2478/eko-2014-0034 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Henrieta Pavolová ◽

Adriana Csikósová ◽

Tomáš Bakalár

Keyword(s):

Water Management ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Environmental Issues ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Management Case Study ◽

Application Specific

AbstractThe development of the regions in Slovakia in recent years has significant disparities in both so-cio-economic as well as environmental issues, as evidenced by the eight environmentally polluted areas (these areas are highly urbanised with industrial agglomerations or intensive agricultural production).This article deals with a management system model of regional by implementation of projects in environmental field of water management with application-specific benefits and risks arising from the process of their implementation in relation to regional development. It analyses projects in the area of water management of one of the regions of Slovakia, KoŠice region in particular, in terms of connection to public water duct and sewer, identifes a strategy for development of the region and its socio-economic and environmental benefits based on the analysis of drinking water, the quan-tity and quality of treated wastewater through wastewater treatment plants (WTPs). It identifes the infuencing factors of benefits and risks and proposes procedure for solving at various stages.

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Crescimento inicial da berinjeleira sob adubação nitrogenada e fosfatada e irrigada com água de reúso

Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável ◽

10.18378/rvads.v10i3.3656 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 34 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aldair de Souza Medeiros ◽

Reginaldo Gomes Nobre ◽

Eliane da Silva Ferreira ◽

Whalamys Lourenço de Araújo ◽

Manoel Moises Ferreira de Queiroz

Keyword(s):

Reclaimed Water ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Industrial Sector ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Intermittent Flow ◽

Phosphorus Fertilization ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Sand Filter

A utilização da água vem gerando alguns conflitos devido o aumento da escassez hídrica em todo o mundo, os setores de maior consumo são a agricultura responde por 70%, o setor industrial 22% e 8% corresponde ao uso doméstico. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os efeitos causados pelas doses de nitrogênio e fósforo e a irrigação com água de reúso doméstica pós-tratada em filtro de areia com fluxo intermitente durante o crescimento inicial da berinjeleira na região semiárida paraibana. O experimento foi realizado em ambiente protegido, no Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar (CCTA/UFCG), Campus de Pombal – PB, e cujos tratamentos resultaram na combinação de dois fatores: quatro doses de adubação nitrogenada (N1 - 3,55; N2 - 6,2; N3 - 8,9; N4 - 11,55 g de N/vaso) e quatro doses de adubação fosfatada (P1 - 15,28; P2 - 26,74; P3 - 38,2; P4 - 49,66 g de P/vaso) correspondendo respectivamente a 40; 70; 100; 130% conforme indicação de adubação para a cultura da berinjela quando cultivada em vasos, irrigada com água de reúso pós-tratada em filtro de areia intermitente (AR). O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos inteiramente casualizados, com os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com quatro repetições. Conclui-se que a prática da irrigação com água de reúso surge como uma fonte hídrica e nutricional para a cultura da berinjela, nas condições edafoclimáticas do semiárido; Doses de 3,55 g de N e 15,28 g de P por planta quando se utiliza água de reúso na irrigação de plantas de berinjela são suficientes para suprir as necessidades nutricionais da cultura. A massa fresca da folha de plantas de berinjela decresceu linearmente com o incremento das doses de N aplicadas. A produção de massa fresca e seca da parte aérea de plantas de berinjela irrigadas com água de reúso com 40% da adubação com N e P não diferiu das plantas que receberam 100% indicação de N e P.Eggplant early growth under nitrogen and phosphate and irrigated with reuse waterABSTRACT - The use of water has generated some conflicts due to increasing water scarcity around the world, the largest consumer sectors are agriculture accounts for 70 %, the industrial sector 22% and 8% corresponds to the household. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects caused by nitrogen and phosphorus and irrigation with reclaimed water post- treated domestic sand filter with intermittent flow during the initial growth of eggplant in Paraíba semi-arid region.The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in the Science and Technology Center Agrifood (CCTA / UFCG), Campus de Pombal - PB, and the treatments resulted in the combination of two factors: four doses of nitrogen (N1 - 3.55; N2 - 6.2; N3 - 8.9; N4 - 11.55 g N / pot) and four doses of phosphorus fertilization (P1 - 15.28; P2 - 26.74; P3 - 38.2; P4 - 49 66 g P / pot) corresponding respectively to 40; 70; 100; 130% as fertilizer indication for eggplants when grown in pots irrigated with treated wastewater post-intermittent sand filter (AR). The experimental design was a completely randomized design, with treatments arranged in a factorial 4 x 4, with four replications. We conclude it the practice of irrigation with reclaimed water emerges as a water and nutrient source for the eggplant crop, soil and weather conditions in the semiarid; Doses of 3,55 g of N and 15,28 g P per plant when using reclaimed water in irrigation eggplants are sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of the crop. The fresh weight of eggplants sheet decreased linearly with increasing N rates. The production shoot fresh and dry mass of eggplant plants irrigated with reclaimed water to 40% of fertilization with N and P did not differ from plants that received 100 % of N and P indication.

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Multi-use of the sea: from research to practice

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/20185801025 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 01025

Author(s):

Joanna Przedrzymirska ◽

Jacek Zaucha ◽

Daniel Depellgrin ◽

Rhona Fairgrieve ◽

Andronikos Kafas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Benefits ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Analytical Methodology ◽

Horizon 2020 ◽

Scientific Debate ◽

Spatial Efficiency ◽

Starting Point ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Maritime Spatial Planning

The increasing demand for ocean resources exerts an increasing pressure on the use of ocean space across all European Sea Basins. This underlines issues of compatibility (or conflicts) between different maritime uses as well as between economic activities and environmental protection. The idea of multi-use (MU), as a guiding concept for efficient allocation of compatible activities in the same marine space, can increase spatial efficiency and at the same time provide socio-economic and environmental benefits. However, its transition from a concept to real-world development is facing several barriers. Based on analysis of five European sea basins done under the Horizon 2020 MUSES project (Multi-Use in European Seas), this paper aims to clarify the concept of MU by discussing: 1) the definition in the literature and practice so far, and; 2) how existing regulatory and planning regimes are supporting and challenging the development of several MUs (considered as the most promising). The analytical methodology developed for the MUSES project relied on data collected via desk research and semi structured interviews with key stakeholders (e.g. industry, regulators), over the period of seven months. The semi-quantitative analysis of data conducted, identified the commonalities and differences among countries in respect to each of the analyzed MUs. The paper points out priorities for the MU development in different sea basins and recommends initial steps to overcome existing barriers, whilst maximizing local benefits. This paper is a starting point towards a broader scientific debate on: (i) what could be the role of management policies (like for instance maritime spatial planning - MSP) in supporting and fostering MU concept development, (ii) what are technical and technological challenges for technically advanced MUs, (iii) how added values of MUs concept (e.g. benefits for local economies, positive impacts on environment) could be enhanced.

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Estimation of water quality by UV/Vis spectrometry in the framework of treated wastewater reuse

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2017.096 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 633-641 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Erwan Carré ◽

Jean Pérot ◽

Vincent Jauzein ◽

Liming Lin ◽

Miguel Lopez-Ferber

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Reuse ◽

Reclaimed Water ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Water Production ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Complementary Method ◽

Original Dataset ◽

Treated Wastewater Reuse

The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectrometry as a complementary method for routine monitoring of reclaimed water production. Robustness of the models and compliance of their sensitivity with current quality limits are investigated. The following indicators are studied: total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrate. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) is used to find linear correlations between absorbances and indicators of interest. Artificial samples are made by simulating a sludge leak on the wastewater treatment plant and added to the original dataset, then divided into calibration and prediction datasets. The models are built on the calibration set, and then tested on the prediction set. The best models are developed with: PLSR for COD (Rpred2 = 0.80), TSS (Rpred2 = 0.86) and turbidity (Rpred2 = 0.96), and with a simple linear regression from absorbance at 208 nm (Rpred2 = 0.95) for nitrate concentration. The input of artificial data significantly enhances the robustness of the models. The sensitivity of the UV/Vis spectrometry monitoring system developed is compatible with quality requirements of reclaimed water production processes.

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Cost–benefit evaluation of a decentralized water system for wastewater reuse and environmental protection

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2009.156 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 59 (8) ◽

pp. 1515-1522 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

R. Chen ◽

X. C. Wang

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Reuse ◽

Water System ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Local Environment ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Net Benefit ◽

Benefit Evaluation ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Project Costs ◽

The Cost

This paper proposed a net benefit value (NBV) model for cost–benefit evaluation of wastewater treatment and reuse projects, and attention was mainly paid to decentralized systems which are drawing wide interests all over the world especially in the water-deficient countries and regions. In the NBV model, all the factors related to project costs are monetary ones which can be calculated by using traditional methods, while many of the factors related to project benefits are non-monetary ones which need sophisticated methods for monetization. In this regard, the authors elaborated several methods for monetization of the benefits from wastewater discharge reduction, local environment improvement, and human health protection. The proposed model and methods were applied for the cost–benefit evaluation of a decentralized water reclamation and reuse project in a newly developed residential area in Xi'an, China. The system with dual-pipe collection and grey water treatment and reuse was found to be economically ineligible (NBV > 0) when all the treated water is reused for artificial pond replenishment, gardening and other non-potable purposes by taking into account the benefit of water saving. As environmental benefits are further considered, the economic advantage of the project is more significant.

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Pathogen survival in recycled water

Microbiology Australia ◽

10.1071/ma09005 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Jatinder PS Sidhu ◽

Simon G Toze

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Potable Water ◽

Reclaimed Water ◽

Enteric Pathogens ◽

Health Hazards ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Recycled Water ◽

Water Shortages ◽

Potential Health ◽

Pathogen Survival

Pathogen survival in recycled water Water shortages affect more than 2 billion people worldwide in over 40 countries, with 1.1 billion people living without sufficient drinking water. Captured stormwater and treated wastewater can be used for supplementing non-potable water supplies. However presence of enteric pathogens in the reclaimed water can lead to potential health hazards.

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Identification and Modelling of Chlorine Decay Mechanisms in Reclaimed Water Containing Ammonia

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132413548 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (24) ◽

pp. 13548

Author(s):

Joana Costa ◽

Elsa Mesquita ◽

Filipa Ferreira ◽

Maria João Rosa ◽

Rui M. C. Viegas

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Distribution Systems ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Reclaimed Water ◽

Kinetic Mechanism ◽

Residual Concentration ◽

Future Studies ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Chlorine Decay ◽

Reaction Schemes

Keeping an effective disinfectant residual concentration in reclaimed water is still a challenge, due to its high levels of ammonia and organic matter when compared with those in drinking water. This research proposes the integration of the reaction schemes of monochloramine auto-decomposition with an empirical kinetic mechanism accounting for reactive chlorine species decay in the presence of organic matter, for which three mechanisms were hypothesized and tested. A parallel second order mechanism, where monochloramine reacts both with fast and slow organic matter reactive fractions, was identified as the most suitable. The model, comprising two rate constants and two fictive concentrations of organic matter as parameters, was further successfully calibrated with real reclaimed waters with two initial free chlorine doses of 8.01 × 10−5 M (≈5 mg/L) and 2.67 × 10−4 M (≈20 mg/L). The proposed model is believed to support future studies aiming to predict and manage chlorine decay in reclaimed water distribution systems.

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Control of COVID-19 outbreak using an extended SEIR model

Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences ◽

10.1142/s0218202521500512 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-26

Author(s):

Sean T. McQuade ◽

Ryan Weightman ◽

Nathaniel J. Merrill ◽

Aayush Yadav ◽

Emmanuel Trélat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Initial Conditions ◽

Optimal Strategies ◽

Economic Cost ◽

Contact Tracing ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Seir Model ◽

Proposed Model ◽

High Death ◽

Containment Measures ◽

The Cost

The outbreak of COVID-19 resulted in high death tolls all over the world. The aim of this paper is to show how a simple SEIR model was used to make quick predictions for New Jersey in early March 2020 and call for action based on data from China and Italy. A more refined model, which accounts for social distancing, testing, contact tracing and quarantining, is then proposed to identify containment measures to minimize the economic cost of the pandemic. The latter is obtained taking into account all the involved costs including reduced economic activities due to lockdown and quarantining as well as the cost for hospitalization and deaths. The proposed model allows one to find optimal strategies as combinations of implementing various non-pharmaceutical interventions and study different scenarios and likely initial conditions.

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Biotechnology for Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) Wastewater Treatment: A Review

Water ◽

10.3390/w12082126 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 2126

Author(s):

Riham Surkatti ◽

Muftah H. El-Naas ◽

Mark C. M. Van Loosdrecht ◽

Abdelbaki Benamor ◽

Fatima Al-Naemi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Treatment ◽

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Human Life ◽

Cell Immobilization ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Environmental Benefits ◽

Aerobic Biodegradation ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Treatment Methods ◽

Gas To Liquid

Gas-to-liquid (GTL) technology involves the conversion of natural gas into several liquid hydrocarbon products. The Fischer–Tropsch (F–T) process is the most widely applied approach for GTL, and it is the main source of wastewater in the GTL process. The wastewater is generally characterized by high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) content due to the presence of alcohol, ketones and organic acids. The discharge of this highly contaminated wastewater without prior treatment can cause adverse effects on human life and aquatic systems. This review examines aerobic and anaerobic biological treatment methods that have been shown to reduce the concentration of COD and organic compounds in wastewater. Advanced biological treatment methods, such as cell immobilization and application of nanotechnology are also evaluated. The removal of alcohol and volatile fatty acids (VFA) from GTL wastewater can be achieved successfully under anaerobic conditions. However, the combination of anaerobic systems with aerobic biodegradation processes or chemical treatment processes can be a viable technology for the treatment of highly contaminated GTL wastewater with high COD concentration. The ultimate goal is to have treated wastewater that has good enough quality to be reused in the GTL process, which could lead to cost reduction and environmental benefits.

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Active group route guidance based on DODE: A novel modeling framework integrating dynamic driver behavior

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering ◽

10.1139/cjce-2019-0737 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tiandong Xu ◽

Yuan Hao

Keyword(s):

Traffic Management ◽

Driver Behavior ◽

Information Provision ◽

Pilot Project ◽

Route Guidance ◽

Modeling Framework ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Route Diversion ◽

System Sustainability ◽

Guidance Model

This work aims to provide effective and reliable traffic guidance strategies for improving the system performance and travel reliability, wherein the drivers’ route diversion behavior is the key determinant in these strategies. This study presents a novel modeling framework that can incorporate the dynamic driver behavior into a real-time group route guidance model based on dynamic origin–destination demand estimation and prediction (DODE) for information-based active traffic management. Experiments are conducted to test the effectiveness of the proposed model on the basis of the traffic dataset of the Route Guidance Pilot Project. Experimental results show that the effect of route diversion on DODE under information provision, which can improve the accuracy of DODE, must be considered. Compared with the traditional guidance model, the proposed model considers the system objective and the actual route diversion behavior and can provide better performance and ensure system sustainability.

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