The effect of the combined use of polarized light and immunomodulator on the cytokine profile in patients with HPV-associated cervicitis

Taking into account the literature data on the significance of the mucous membranes in providing an immune filter, and cervical mucus in providing an immune response due to the high content of the main mediators of the development of a local inflammatory response, i.e. anti-inflammatory cytokines, which play a major role in the regulation of the immune response and the formation of local antiviral and antitumor immunity, we studied the cytokine profile in patients with HPV-associated cervicitis and the effect of the combined use of polarized light and an immunomodulator on their content, depending on the viral load. The purpose of the work is to study the effect of the combined exposure to blue monochromatic polarized incoherent light and polychromatic visible and infrared polarized light in combination with Imiquimod 5% cream for external use on the state of the cytokine profile in the cervical mucus in patients with HPV-associated cervicitis. Material and methods. The study included 60 patients with an HPV-associated cervicitis with the history of at least 1 year, aged 20 to 35 years, who were randomly divided into three groups: the main group of 20 patients who underwent course exposure to blue monochromatic polarized incoherent light on the projection of the carotid arteries and polychromatic visible and infrared polarized light on the cervix in combination with Imiquimod 5% cream for external use (complex 1); a comparison group of 20 patients who underwent the exposure to polychromatic visible and infrared polarized light on the cervix in combination with the topical cream, Imiquimod 5% (complex 2); a control group of 20 patients who underwent a course of local effects on the cervix with the cream Imiquimod 5% and 20 healthy women of similar age, whose the survey data were taken as a norm. To assess the cytokine state in patients with HPV-associated cervicitis, the levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-10, IFNa, IFNy, and TNFa in the cervical mucus were studied before and after the course of treatment by the enzyme immunoassay method. The results of the research and the discussion. Prior to the treatment, certain differences were found depending on the viral load. In patients with a low viral load, interferon levels of IFNα and IFNγ were increased by 55% (p < 0.05) and 93%, respectively (p < 0.01), compared with those of healthy women, with a significant decrease in the content of IL-10 — by 85% (p < 0.01), IL-2 — by 53% (p < 0.05) and TNFα — by 56% (p < 0.05), the content of IL-1β was increased only by 8% (p > 0.05). When analyzing cytokine levels in patients with an increased viral load, IFNα was increased by 48% (p < 0.05) and IFNγ — by 62% (p < 0.05), as well as IL-1β — by 59% (p < 0.05), and TNFα — by 37% (p < 0.05), compared to healthy women, with a significant decrease in IL-10 and IL-2 — by 53% and 56%, respectively (p < 0.05). The increase in the concentration of TNFα and IFNγ with an increased viral load was slightly lower. In patients with a significant viral load, interferons IFNα and IFNγ were increased by 35% and 40%, accordingly (p < 0.05), IL-1β — by 17.9% (p < 0.05) and IL-10 — by 14.1% against the background of a slight decrease in the content of TNFα — by 14.5% (p >0.05) and a highly significant 2.26-fold decrease in IL-2 — (p < 0.05), which play an important role in the regulation of the Th1 immune response. After the treatment, in patients of the main group (complex 1) and a comparison group (complex 2) with no significant differences, the positive dynamics was observed, manifested in lowering the initially increased concentrations of TNFα and IFNγ, IL-1β and IL-10 approaching the level of healthy individuals; in the control group, the decrease of the initially increased IL-2 and TNFα was noted, and, although there was a positive dynamics of all the studied indicators, it was less pronounced. Conclusion. The obtained data indicate a pronounced immunocorrective effect of the combined use of blue monochromatic polarized incoherent light on the projection of the carotid arteries and polychromatic visible and infrared polarized light on the cervix in combination with Imiquimod 5% cream for external use in patients with chronic cervicitis associated with papillomavirus infection, which is confirmed by an improvement in the cytokine profile.

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Modern approaches to the application of photoimmunomodulating technologies in the treatment of HPV-associated cervicitis

Russian Journal of Physiotherapy Balneology and Rehabilitation ◽

10.17816/1681-3456-2019-18-3-166-171 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 166-171

Author(s):

Gulnara G. Moseshvili ◽

Madina Z. Dugieva ◽

Natalya B. Korchazhkina ◽

Anna A. Mikhailova

Keyword(s):

Topical Application ◽

Uterine Cervix ◽

Carotid Arteries ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Normal Values ◽

Polarized Light ◽

Main Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Incoherent Light ◽

External Application

We aimed to investigate the effects of the combined use of polychromatic visible and infrared polarized light with topical application of Imiquimod 5% cream on the macrophage link of immunity in patients with chronic human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervicitis. Materials and methods. The study included 90 patients aged 2035 years, who had a history of HPV-associated cervicitis for at least 1 year. Patients were distributed into three groups by random sampling. The main group included 30 patients who were exposed to blue monochromatic polarized incoherent light on the projection of the carotid arteries and polychromatic visible and infrared polarized light on the uterine cervix in combination with topical application of Imiquimod 5% cream (complex one). The comparison group included 30 patients who were exposed to polychromatic visible and infrared polarized light on the uterine cervix in combination with Imiquimod 5% cream (complex 2), and the control group included 30 patients who received local exposure to the uterine cervix with Imiquimod 5% cream. Examination data of 20 healthy women of the same age were taken as normal values. The macrophage link activity was assessed using the nitroblue tetrazolium test. Results. Under the influence of the developed complexes 1 and 2, the percentage of phagocytic cells of the macrophage link increased significantly to normal values (by 36% and 31%, respectively; p 0.01), the phagocytic number and index of phagocytosis completeness increased to near-normal values (p 0.001). In addition, the percentage of spontaneous (excessive) redox processes of neutrophils decreased from 21.1% 1.3% to 11.8 1.01% in the main group (p 0.001) and to 14.4 1.5% in the comparison group (p 0.01). Less significant results were obtained in the control group where the patients received topical application of Imiquimod 5% cream on the uterine cervix, and the studied parameters were 26%51.7% lower than that in the main group. Conclusion. The complex application of blue monochromatic polarized incoherent light on the projection of the carotid arteries in combination with polychromatic visible and infrared polarized light and external application of Imiquimod 5% cream on the cervix of patients with chronic HPV-associated cervicitis has a pronounced immunocorrecting effect on the immunity macrophage link. This is confirmed by an improvement in the indicators of the functional activity of neutrophils, in the form of a decrease in the percentage of excessive redox reactions and an increase in the index of phagocytosis completeness, and indicates an increase in the productivity of the macrophage link functioning.

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Intrahepatic TLR3 and IFNL3 Expressions Are Associated with Stages of Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis C

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13061103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1103

Author(s):

Keyla Santos Guedes de Sá ◽

Ednelza da Silva Graça Amoras ◽

Simone Regina Souza da Silva Conde ◽

Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz ◽

Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres-Vallinoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Viral Load ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Chronic Hepatitis C ◽

Control Group ◽

Gene Expressions ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Advanced Stages ◽

Chronic Hcv

An inefficient immune response against the hepatitis C virus (HCV), combined with viral evasion mechanisms, is responsible for the chronicity of infection. The need to evaluate the innate mechanisms of the immune response, such as TLR3 and IFN-λ3, and their relationship with the virus–host interaction is important for understanding the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C. The present study aimed to investigate the gene expressions of TRL3 and IFNL3 in liver tissue, seeking to evaluate whether these could be potential biomarkers of HCV infection. A total of 23 liver biopsy samples were collected from patients with chronic HCV, and 8 biopsies were collected from healthy control patients. RNA extraction, reverse transcription and qPCR were performed to quantify the relative gene expressions of TLR3 and IFNL3. Data on the viral load; AST, ALT, GGT and AFP levels; and the viral genotype were collected from the patients′ medical records. The intrahepatic expression of TLR3 (p = 0.0326) was higher in chronic HCV carriers than in the control group, and the expression of IFNL3 (p = 0.0037) was lower in chronic HCV carriers than in the healthy control group. The expression levels of TLR3 (p = 0.0030) and IFNL3 (p = 0.0036) were higher in the early stages of fibrosis and of necroinflammatory activity in the liver; in contrast, TLR3 and IFNL3 expressions were lower in the more advanced stages of fibrosis and inflammation. There was no correlation between the gene expression and the serum viral load. Regarding the initial METAVIR scale scores, liver transaminase levels were lower in patients with advanced fibrosis when correlated with TLR3 and IFNL3 gene expressions. The results suggest that in the early stages of the development of hepatic fibrosis, TLR3 and IFN-λ3 play important roles in the antiviral response and in the modulation of the tolerogenic liver environment because there is a decrease in the intrahepatic expressions of TLR3 and IFNL3 in the advanced stages of fibrosis, probably due to viral evasion mechanisms.

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Probiotics Modulate Tilapia Resistance and Immune Response against Tilapia Lake Virus Infection

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens9110919 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 919

Author(s):

Pitchaporn Waiyamitra ◽

Mehmet Arif Zoral ◽

Aksorn Saengtienchai ◽

Amorn Luengnaruemitchai ◽

Olivier Decamp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Viral Load ◽

Control Diet ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Economic Damage ◽

Control Group ◽

Probiotic Treatment ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

Immune Related Genes

Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) causes an emerging viral disease associated with high mortality and economic damage in tilapia farming around the world. The use of probiotics in aquaculture has been suggested as an alternative to antibiotics and drugs to reduce the negative impact of bacterial and viral infections. In this study, we investigate the effect of probiotic Bacillus spp. supplementation on mortality, viral load, and expression of immune-related genes in red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) upon TiLV infection. Fish were divided into three groups, and fed with: control diet, 0.5% probiotics-supplemented diet, and 1% probiotics-supplemented diet. After 21 days of experimental feeding, the three groups were infected with TiLV and monitored for mortality and growth performances, while organs were sampled at different time points to measure viral load and the transcription modulation of immune response markers. No significant difference was found among the groups in terms of weight gain (WG), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), or feed conversion ratio (FCR). A lower cumulative mortality was retrieved from fish fed 0.5% and 1% probiotics (25% and 24%, respectively), compared to the control group (32%). Moreover, fish fed with 1% probiotic diet had a significantly lower viral load, than those fed with 0.5% probiotic and control diet at 5, 6, 9, and 12 days post infection-challenge (dpc). The expression patterns of immune-related genes, including il-8 (also known as CXCL8), ifn-γ, irf-3, mx, rsad-2 (also known as VIPERIN) showed significant upregulation upon probiotic treatment during the peak of TiLV pathogenesis (between 9 and 12 dpc) and during most of the study period in fish fed with 1% probiotics-supplemented diet. Taken together, these findings indicate that dietary supplementation using Bacillus spp. probiotics may have beneficial effects to strengthen tilapia immunity and resistance against TiLV infections. Therefore, probiotic treatments may be preventively administered to reduce losses caused by this emerging viral infection in tilapia aquaculture.

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Physiotherapy technologies in rehabilitation programs in patients with urolithiasis before and after percutaneous nephroscopy

Fizioterapevt (Physiotherapist) ◽

10.33920/med-14-2112-06 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 55-60

Author(s):

V. N. Gornostaev ◽

R. A. Gurtskoy

Keyword(s):

Standard Therapy ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Polarized Light ◽

Light Therapy ◽

Early Postoperative Period ◽

Ozone Therapy ◽

Combined Use ◽

Before And After ◽

Blood Irradiation ◽

Laser Blood Irradiation

Urinary stone disease (urolithiasis) is one of the most common urological diseases, the prevalence of which is growing every year, despite the development of new approaches to treatment. In recent decades, various endoscopic methods of treating urolithiasis, in particular, percutaneous nephroscopy, have become the most popular, however, even with such minimally invasive and non-invasive methods, the percentage of complications ranges from 5% to 11%. Despite the fairly widespread use of various physical factors in the urolithiasis treatment, it is still not possible to reduce the incidence rate. All this dictates an urgent need to search for new, more effective and safer, mainly non-drug technologies for the treatment of urolithiasis and prevention of the disease recurrence and postoperative complications. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the combined use of intravascular laser blood irradiation, ozone therapy, and light therapy (bioptron zepter) in the complex treatment of patients with urolithiasis after percutaneous lithotripsy, according to the data of ultrasound examination of the kidneys. Research materials. The study included 60 patients with urolithiasis who underwent percutaneous nephroscopy in the Urology Department of the PHI Railway Clinical Hospital “RZhD Meditsina”, Rostov-on-Don, in 2019–2020, with subsequent rehabilitation. The patients were divided into three relatively equivalent groups according to age, calculus size (from 7 to 20 mm), and stone composition. In the first (control) group, patients received standard therapy after surgery: antispasmodics, antibiotic therapy taking into account the bacterial culture of urine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which served as a background in the main group and the comparison group. In addition to the standard therapy, the patients in the second group (comparison group) underwent intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI) and ozone therapy. The patients of group 3 (main group) received intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI) and ozone therapy — 6 procedures each in the preoperative period against the background of standard therapy; polarized light and ILBI — 6 procedures each in the early postoperative period. Results. The article shows a higher efficacy of the combined use of ILBI, ozone therapy and light therapy in the complex treatment of patients with urolithiasis before and after percutaneous nephroscopy. Conclusion. Combined use of a course of intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI) and ozone therapy in the preoperative period and a course of polarized light and ILBI in the early postoperative period after percutaneous nephroscopy against the background of standard therapy in patients with urolithiasis contributes to a significant improvement in blood flow in the kidney and a reduction in the recovery period of the renal parenchyma, which made it possible to reduce the patient’s stay in the hospital, due to the prevention of the development of postoperative complications.

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Cervical Local Immune Response for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection

Cancer Control ◽

10.1177/1073274818798598 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 107327481879859 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Erdem Sahin ◽

Yusuf Madendag ◽

Mefkure Eraslan Sahin ◽

Ilknur Col Madendag ◽

Gokhan Acmaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

High Risk ◽

Cervical Mucus ◽

Assay Method ◽

Control Group ◽

Local Immune Response ◽

Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Intraepithelial Lesions

Purpose: To evaluate cervical mucus secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) concentrations in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) 16 or 18 positive and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL) or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL). Method: Patients with HPV 16 or 18 positive from 30 to 45 years of age whose cervical cancer screening results reported cytologically LGSIL or HGSIL were included in the study. In the control group, we included participants in the same age with cytology negative and HPV-negative healthy women. All cytological LGSIL or HGSIL results were histopathologically confirmed with colposcopic biopsy specimens. Finally, the study consisted of a total of 3 groups each containing 25 participants as follows: (1) Pap smear and HPV-negative control group, (2) HPV 16 or HPV 18 and LGSIL-positive participants, and (3) HPV 16 or 18 and HGSIL-positive participants. Cervical mucus SLPI levels were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results: The mean cervical mucus SLPI levels were 32.94 ng/mL (range: 23-41.29 ng/mL) in the hrHPV + LGSIL group, 29.40 ng/mL (range: 21.03-38.95 ng/mL) in the hrHPV + HGSIL, and 18.75 ng/mL (range: 13.58-29.24 ng/mL) in the healthy control group. Cervical mucus SLPI levels were found to be significantly higher in the hrHPV + LGSIL and hrHPV + HGSIL groups compared to the control group ( P < .001). Conclusions: The data from the present study indicate that SLPI seems to be one of the important immunomodulatory proteins that provide local immune response in cervical mucosa.

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Features of cytokine signaling forming T-helper immune response in COPD of varying severity

Russian Open Medical Journal ◽

10.15275/rusomj.2020.0204 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Tatyana I. Vitkina ◽

Karolina A. Sidletskaya

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Cytokine Profile ◽

Cytokine Signaling ◽

Control Group ◽

T Helper ◽

Th Cells ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Severe Copd

Introduction — Currently, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global public health problem. However, molecular mechanisms of the development of this pathology are still poorly understood. The aim is to establish mechanisms of cytokine regulation of T-helper (Th) immune pathway in patients with COPD of varying severity. Material and Methods — The study included 112 patients with stable COPD (mild, moderate and severe grade) and 32 healthy volunteers (control group). We investigated serum cytokine levels (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A) and the percentage of circulating Th cells (CD4+) expressing membrane receptor to IL-6 (IL-6R or CD126+), using flow cytometry. The levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and IL-21 were detected by ELISA. The direction of immune response in COPD patients was determined depending on the prevalence of cytokines playing a crucial role in the formation of certain Th cells type (Th1, Th17). Results — Th1-associated cytokine profile was expressed at the initial stage of COPD; the Th17-associated cytokine profile begins to prevail at severe COPD. Among COPD patients with Th1-associated cytokine profile, a statistically significant increase in the number of CD4+CD126+ cells in comparison with the control group was identified only in severe COPD. In the group of COPD patients with Th17-associated cytokine profile, an increase in the number of CD4+CD126+ cells were observed at all severity stages of the pathology. Conclusion — Moderate and severe COPD are characterized by the predominance of Th17-associated cytokine profile leading to chronic inflammation. The increase in IL-6R expression levels in circulating CD4+ cells serves as the mechanism for enhancing Th17-associated response in COPD.

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The state of systemic immunity under the influence of polarized light and an immunomodulator in patients with HPV-associated cervicitis

Russian Journal of Physiotherapy Balneology and Rehabilitation ◽

10.17816/1681-3456-2020-19-5-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 286-292

Author(s):

Gulnara. G Moseshvili ◽

Natalia B. Korchazhkina ◽

Madina Z. Dugieva ◽

Anna A. Mikhailova ◽

Vadim V. Portnov

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Blood ◽

Carotid Arteries ◽

Polarized Light ◽

Relative Content ◽

The State ◽

Control Group ◽

Positive Trend ◽

Incoherent Light ◽

Systemic Immunity ◽

Significant Difference

Background. According to current epidemiological studies, 94.9% of women suffering from sexually transmitted infections are diagnosed with the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA during the examination. Aims. The aim of the study was to study the effect of combined exposure to blue monochromatic polarized incoherent light and polychromatic visible and infrared polarized light in combination with imihimod 5% cream for external use on the state of systemic immunity in patients with HPV-associated cervicitis. Materials and methods. The study included 60 patients aged 2035 years with an HPV-associated cervicitis with a history of at least 1 year, who were randomly divided into 3 groups: in the main group (n=20), course effects of blue monochromatic polarized incoherent light on the projection of the carotid arteries and polychromatic visible and infrared polarized light on the cervix in combination with imihimod 5% cream for external use (complex 1); in the comparison group (n=20) exposure to polychromatic visible and infrared polarized light on the cervix in combination with imihimod cream for external use 5% (complex 2); in the control group (n=20) a course of local exposure to the cervix with imihimod cream 5%. The data of the survey of 20 healthy women of the same age were taken as the values of the norm. The state of systemic immunity in patients with HPV-associated cervicitis before treatment and after the course was evaluated by the indicators of mature T-lymphocytes (CD3+), CD4+, CD8+, immunoregulatory index (IRI = CD4+/CD8+), CD16+ (natural killer cells) and CD20+ (B-mature lymphocytes) in peripheral blood. Results. Before the start of treatment, the patients showed low levels of CD3+-lymphocytes and a decrease in the immunoregulatory index, which is the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ against the background of an increase in the relative content of CD16+ and CD20+, which indicates an imbalance in the cellular immunity. After the course of treatment, the most pronounced results were obtained under the influence of complex 1: a significant increase in the relative content of CD3+ and normalization of IRI against the background of a decrease to the reference values of the initially elevated levels of CD16 (%) and CD20 (%) in both the percentage and absolute ratio of these populations in peripheral blood. Patients treated with complex 2 also showed a positive, but less pronounced, trend towards an increase in CD3+ and IRI and a decrease in elevated CD16+ levels after the course of treatment. In the control group, there was no statistically significant difference between the indicators before and after treatment, and only a slight positive trend was observed for some of them. Conclusion. The combined use of blue monochromatic polarized incoherent light on the projection of the carotid arteries in combination with polychromatic visible and infrared polarized light and imihimod 5% cream for external use on the cervix in patients with chronic cervicitis associated with papillomavirus infection, to a greater extent than the local use of polarized light in combination with imihimod 5%, has a pronounced immunocorrective effect on the cellular link of immunity.

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Experience in the use of physical factors during the recovery of the renal parenchyma after percutaneous nephroscopy

Fizioterapevt (Physiotherapist) ◽

10.33920/med-14-2108-07 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 68-71

Author(s):

V. N. Gornostaev ◽

R. A. Gurtskoy ◽

V. V. Shulzhenko

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Period ◽

Recovery Period ◽

Polarized Light ◽

Early Postoperative Period ◽

Main Group ◽

Renal Parenchyma ◽

Control Group ◽

Physical Factors ◽

Ozone Therapy ◽

Combined Use

The article reflects the results of the use of physical factors to restore the renal parenchyma in the early postoperative period after percutaneous nephroscopy in patients with urolithiasis. Material and methods: the study included 80patients with concretions of the renal pelvis after percutaneous nephroscopy (45men and 35women, average age — 46 years), who were divided into 2 comparable groups: groupI (main group) — 40 patients who underwent intravenous laser blood irradiation (ILBI) and ozone therapy — 6 procedures in the preoperative period, and polarized light and ILBI — 6 procedures in the early postoperative period; groupII (control group), which served as a background in the main group, were prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs after the surgery, taking into account bacterial urine culture. Inclusion criteria: patients with urolithiasis aged 28 to 62 years; indications for percutaneous nephroscopy. Exclusion criteria: concomitant diseases; compliance; pregnancy; acute inflammatory kidney diseases; abnormalities of the upper urinary tract. Results: The combined use of ILBI, ozone therapy and polarized light in the pre- and early postoperative period in patients with urolithiasis after percutaneous nephrolithotripsy allowed improving clinical, laboratory, subjective and objective indicators, as well as shortening the recovery period of the renal parenchyma, which was confirmed by the data of ultrasound studies in the dynamics in the form of a significant reduction in the recovery period of the index of renal vessels resistance and reduction of edema of the renal parenchyma. As a result of the application of the developed complex, the total bed-day of patients’ stay in the hospital decreased, and there was a rapid recovery of capacity to work. Conclusion: The developed method of the combined use of ILBI, ozone therapy and polarized light in the pre- and early postoperative period in patients with urolithiasis after percutaneous nephrolithiasis is pathogenetically justified and highly effective, which allows us to recommend it for wide use in urological practice.

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Evaluation of the cytokin status of women with miscarriage

HEALTH OF WOMAN ◽

10.15574/hw.2019.140.59 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 59-63

Author(s):

N. Skrypchenko ◽

◽

I. Vorobyova ◽

T. Mazur ◽

V. Tkachenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽

Cervical Mucus ◽

Enzyme Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Inflammatory Reactions ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Anti Inflammatory

During pregnancy, a unique new equilibrium state appears between the systems of the specific and nonspecific mothers immunity. Besides, the cytokine cascade is launched, which includes proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors of influence. The balance between these two groups of mediators determines the nature of the course and outcome of the gestation process. The objective: to determine the role of mediators of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory reactions of gestation intercourse in patients with miscarriage. Materials and methods. The main group (the first group) was made up of 153 pregnant women with miscarriage. The control group (the second group) consisted of 25 relatively healthy women with a physiological course of pregnancy and a complcated obstetric and gynecological anamnesis, with one and more physiological births in anamnesis. The concentration of cytokines IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF- α in the blood and their content in cervical mucus by solid-phase immune-enzyme analysis was determined. Results. Consequences of previous pregnancies having a background of inflammatory complications of genital and extragenital genesis create conditions for long-term persistence of latent infection, including in the uterine cavity and cervical canal, followed by infection of the fetus, and contribute to the development of immune imbalance during gestation, which leads to a cascade of homeostasis disorders with the development of complications of the pregnancy intercourse and perinatal pathology. Thus, the presence of clinical symptoms of the threat of premature abortion occurs in the context of an increase in the concentration of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF- α and IL-1 β) in serum.Reducing the concentration of IL-10 in non-pregnant women, relative to such in control group, throughout the entire pregnancy in the blood and its content in cervical mucus indicates a violation of the balance of pro– and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the direction of pro-inflammatory reactions and violation of the local immune response. Conclusions. In women with a loss in the first trimester there is a pro-inflammatory activity of the immune response, which is an important pathogenetic factor in the development of abortion in different gestational periods. Key words: miscarriage, proinflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines.

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Combined effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser and casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate on the prevention of enamel demineralization:

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/032819-238 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 90 (3) ◽

pp. 369-375

Author(s):

Samar M. Adel ◽

Eiman S. Marzouk ◽

Nadia El-Harouni

Keyword(s):

Calcium Phosphate ◽

Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽

Polarized Light ◽

Group Iv ◽

Control Group ◽

Lesion Depth ◽

Enamel Demineralization ◽

Combined Use ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Casein Phosphopeptide

ABSTRACT Objectives To compare the effect of use of laser, casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP–ACP), and their combination on prevention of enamel demineralization using polarized light microscopy to assess lesion depth. Materials and Methods Eighty premolars were randomly allocated to four equal groups (n = 20): Group I: Control group, no preventive measures. Group II: CPP–ACP. Group III: Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Group IV: Er,Cr:YSGG laser followed by CPP–ACP. Specimens were subjected to thermocycling and brushing protocols equivalent to 1 year intraorally. Then, all teeth were subjected to acid challenge. Teeth were then sectioned longitudinally and examined under a polarized light microscope and lesion depth was measured. Results Group IV resulted in the least lesion depth with a significant difference between it and all other groups. CPP–ACP alone and laser alone also showed a significant difference in white spot lesion (WSL) depth compared to the control group; however, no significant difference was found between them. Conclusions The combined use of laser and CPP–ACP showed the best prevention against WSL development. The use of CPP–ACP or laser alone also resulted in a significant reduction in lesion depth but was significantly less than their combined use, with no significant difference between them.

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