Problems of analysis and forecasting of the level of technical equipment of agricultural enterprises (on the example of the Ryazan region)

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Elena Viktorovna Khudyakova ◽  
Mikhail Nikanorov ◽  
Vasilij Vladimirovich Butyrin
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Cluster Group ◽  
Near Future

Currently, the level of technical equipment of agricultural enterprises in the Russian Federation remains at a low level. On average, tractor availability in the country is 2–3 times less than in Kazakhstan and Belarus, and 20–30 times lower than in Western Europe and the United States. At the same time, agricultural production is faced with the task of achieving the level defined by the Food Security Doctrine in a number of industries, and increasing exports in a number of industries (production of cereals and industrial crops). In the Ryazan region, there is an appropriate resource potential for solving these problems. But the main factor constraining the increase in production is the insufficient development of the material and technical base. The dynamics of the number of major types of equipment over the past 10 years remains negative. At the same time, the region has a State program of the Ryazan region “Development of the agro-industrial complex until 2025”, which provides for a number of measures to maintain the level of technical equipment of agriculture. In this regard, the issue of scientific justification of the required amount of equipment and forecasting for the near future becomes relevant. On the regional scale, this is a difficult task, since traditional forecasting methods are not fully suitable for solving this problem due to the wide variety of production conditions in farms — soil fertility, climatic conditions, economic situation, specialization, etc. Therefore, we propose a method for determining the required amount of equipment and the amount of investment, based on the allocation of cluster groups and, then, the development of economic and mathematical models for the use of machine and tractor fleet for typical farms of each cluster group. This article analyzes the level of technical equipment of agriculture in the Ryazan region and identifies cluster groups of farms.

"Changing the guard": personnel reserve of Central Asian elite communities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Дарья Осинина ◽  
Darya Osinina
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Economic Elite ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Central Asian Republics

Central Asia is a region included in the circle of geopolitical interests of Russia, the importance of which is due to the long period of joint statehood. However, over the years of independence, the Central Asian States have significantly diversified their foreign policy guidelines: China, the United States, Turkey, and European States have "come" to the region. The interest of external players in the Central Asian republics increased after the transit of power in Kazakhstan started in March 2019. In the context of the above, Russia, as well as other players in the region, it is important to understand with whom it will work in the near future, who will become or has already become part of the political and economic elite, what are the ideological orientations of the young generation of the elite community of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. Accordingly, in the light of the intensification of political processes in the region, the analysis of the personnel reserve of the Central Asian elite communities, its composition, resource potential and worldview becomes particularly relevant. For students and teachers, as well as all those interested in the problems of international relations.

scholarly journals ADOPTION OF MANAGEMENT DECISIONS: MECHANISMS AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Гамлет Остаев ◽  
Gamlet Ostaev ◽  
Гузалия Клычова ◽  
Guzaliya Klychova ◽  
Елена Некрасова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Equipment ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Technological Potential

In modern agriculture with its own technical needs, it is practically impossible without effective management measures and attraction of borrowed capital. Sustainable development of agriculture, including the plant industry, of course, depends on the technical equipment of agricultural enterprises. The use of financial instruments and management mechanisms is an opportunity for agricultural producers to improve their potentials, including improving and maintaining agricultural equipment at the proper level, since the activity involves the implementation of a large amount of mechanized work in order to produce strategically important products. All this contributes to increasing the efficiency of the production system and provides for the renewal and formation of the technical and technological potential of the plant growing industry, and this in turn leads to the development of the agro-industrial complex as a whole.

scholarly journals Improving the operational efficiency of tractors by ensuring their ability to perform work

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00111
Author(s):  
Sergej Yahin ◽  
Fanil Gabdrafikov ◽  
Farit Khaliullin ◽  
Rail Khusainov ◽  
Insaf Naficov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Actual Volume ◽  
Design Documents ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Market Relations ◽  
The Given

Development of agriculture in conditions of market relations is accompanied by aggravation of the problem of efficiency of use of technics. In this connection, the task of scientists is to increase the actual volume of work performed by tractor units, reducing the cost per unit of production. The high cost of tractors, the lack of personnel, the reduction of technical equipment of farms and the increase in the volume of products produced in the agro-industrial complex, natural and climatic conditions impose special requirements on technical service to maintain tractors in working conditions. The working state of tractors is the state at which values of parameters, which characterize ability to execute the given functions, correspond to normative-reference and design documents. During the operation of tractors in agriculture under the influence of various factors, wear of their parts and knots. The indicator determining the value of wear is the residual resource of aggregates and knots of technics. In the article the questions of influence of residual resources of basic aggregates and systems of tractor on frequency of failures of various groups of complexity are considered. Experimental research on determination of dependencies of residual resources of tractor units and frequency of failures of different groups of complexity, on the basis of which the rules of replacement of the unit whose resource are exhausted, is carried out, i.e. is replaced with a full of the resource (new) or on the aggregate after overhaul.

scholarly journals Analysis of the efficiency of agricultural production

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 336-342
Author(s):  
A. A. Akbasheva ◽  
I. S. Dzakhmisheva ◽  
Y. V. Masalova
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
The North ◽  
Berry Crops

The scientific article presents the results of the analysis of the state of functioning of agricultural enterprises. The natural and economic situation in the region makes it possible to intensively develop the production of marketable products in all sectors of the agro-industrial complex, including fruit and vegetable growing in terms of profitability. Fruit and vegetable products are one of the most important types that are in high demand among the population and consumers outside the region. The Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is the largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the North Caucasus Federal District. Studies have shown that the main factors determining the growth of the gross production of vegetables and berries is the expansion of areas for fruit and berry crops by half by 2010. Based on the research carried out, it is confirmed that the use of intensive technologies in the production of fruits and berries provides a fairly high increase in yield. Due to the fact that fruit and berry crops are perishable food products, it is necessary to bring them to the end consumer in a presentable form as soon as possible. One of the problems often encountered for the further development of fruit and berry production is the incompletely established links between producers and various services that perform the functions of storage, transportation, processing and delivery of products to end consumers. Therefore, farms of all categories should take into account first and foremost when developing policies for managing production activities and forecasting. Increasing the efficiency of production of fruit and berry products and continuous saturation of the consumer market with high-quality fruit and berry products is possible in the context of the introduction of the introduction of intensive methods of agricultural technology, strengthening of state support measures in the context of the application of the results of analysis of the effectiveness of the activities of farms of all categories. An increase in the gross yield of fruits and berries can be achieved as a result of planting orchards using adapted varieties that are resistant to current climatic conditions.

scholarly journals RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN SEA PORTS IN THE LATE XIX - EARLY XX CENTURIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-71
Author(s):  
Marina Vladislavovna Sabaydash
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Port Area

The article dwells upon the slow development of the Russian seaports and low rates of the cargo turnover compared to the growth of industrial and agricultural production. The low purchasing power of the population, high competition of the Russian export commodities in the world markets held back the increase in imports and exports. The railway network that had government preferences competed with seaports and hindered from growing coastal shipping. The Russian ports lagged behind the largest ports in Western Europe in terms of cargo turnover and technical equipment. In the Russian ports cargo operations took a lot of time due to the lack of berthing places, equipment and warehouses in the port area. The high expenditures of ship and cargo owners in seaports caused increased the freight cost and price for goods for the end consumers, which in general negatively influenced the development of the Russian economy. The small (relative to investment needs) amounts of private and equity capital, as well as high inflation, did not allow financing the construction and modernization of ports at the expense of private investors. Attracting the private capital was hindered by the high centralization of the seaport management system. The historically built ownership system in the Russian ports has identified almost the only source of financing - the state budget burdened with huge debts, whose priorities did not include the development of seaports. Their financing was hundreds of times less than the amount of financing ports in Western Europe and the USA. There has been analyzed the volume and dynamics of the turnover in the Russian seaports in comparison with the similar indicators of the Western European ports and ports of the United States, property relations in the seaports have been studied, and the levels of technological development have been presented. The seaports management system in Russia has been analyzed. The level of development of seaports was compared with the level of industrial and agricultural development.

scholarly journals REGIONAL FEATURES OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE IN MODERN CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Sachovsky
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
The Individual

Agriculture, for many reasons, can be considered one of the most important sectors of the economic complex of Ukraine. Its significance is determined, in our opinion, in particular by the dynamics of growth of agricultural production, which, in turn, depends on many, to some extent, important factors. In particular, how perfect is the state policy on the agro-industrial complex, especially in terms of regulating the pricing of basic agricultural products, to what extent the state policy on agricultural development takes into account the specifics of a region (area), including climatic conditions, the nature of historical production, the age structure of the population, its worldview, etc., that is, ultimately, to what extent the state policy to support agriculture meets the interests of the individual producer. All this is directly reflected in the growth (decrease?) rate of agricultural production, which determines the relevance of the study. The main, most important provisions of the article are: firstly, the statistical information provided in the proposed article on the specifics of agricultural production in Ukraine, its detail in terms of areas in a more generalized form can give a holistic, complete picture of its features in each of the regions of the country, which in some cases took place; secondly, in the direct context of the above, we consider it appropriate to highlight separately that despite all its ambiguity, the advantage of the above statistical material on the peculiarities of agricultural production in Ukraine in 2020 (2019) in absolute terms is that if needed it can significantly expand the range of necessary calculated information, on what, actually, the offered article was based also; thirdly, taking into account the above, however, different, one of the most important features of the proposed article is that the structure of agricultural production was analyzed in terms of production ratios of the main groups of producers of this type, which, as practice shows, were agricultural enterprises and farms of the population, and, emphasizing, in each of the regions of Ukraine; fourthly, perhaps not least, the significance of the analysis of the ratio of production volumes of the main groups of agricultural producers in Ukraine is enhanced by its detailing given their main subspecies, such as crop and livestock, which, in a sense, can be the basis for not only few more global and cognitive conclusions. Regarding the purely conclusions, one of the most important components of the article, we even consider it necessary to consider two of them separately: firstly, agriculture is an integral part of the national economic complex of Ukraine and the efficiency of its functioning can be one of the most important indicators of the level of economic development of the country as a whole; secondly, we believe that the efficiency of agricultural production both in Ukraine as a whole and, in particular, in its individual regions is determined not so much by optimizing the ratio of major groups of producers, which, as practice shows, were agricultural enterprises and households, how perfect the economic mechanism of functioning of each of them in particular.

Regional measures of state support for increasing the technical equipment of machine and tractor fleet of agricultural enterprises

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
l’dar I. Gabitov ◽  
Salavat G. Mudarisov ◽  
Pavel A. Iofinov
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Regional Programs

The article analysis the dynamics of the technical equipment of the machine and tractor fleet of agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Authors analyzed the regional programs implemented in the Republic to support agro-industrial enterprises. The article proves the effectiveness of allocating subsidies for the organization of capital repairs and modernization of equipment in operation on the basis of specialized repair enterprises of the Republic. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in determining the effectiveness of regional state support measures aimed at improving the level of technical equipment of agricultural enterprises. (Materials and methods) The article shows the importance of using a scientifically based system of machines for the implementation of innovative technologies for the cultivation of major agricultural crops and production of livestock products in various soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. (Results and discussion) The article notes that the implementation of regional programs of support of agricultural enterprises in the Republic of Bashkortostan has increased the volume of works on repair of agricultural machinery repair shops up to 7 times, reduce the average aging of tractors and combines for the last 10 years (2010-2020) by 18 percent, increase the number of equipment above the standard lifetime of 34 percent. (Conclusions) To achieve the standard indicators of technical equipment of agricultural enterprises, it is necessary to increase their energy supply to 230-250 horsepower per 100 hectares of sown area, which will require the additional purchase of at least 1200 harvesters, more than 3000 tractors of various classes and 250 forage harvesters.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATE AND PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNICAL BASIS OF AGRICULTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Farit Mukhametgaliev ◽  
Fidaniya Sadrieva ◽  
Elmira Amirova ◽  
Elena Gubanova ◽  
Galina Zakharova
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Technical Base ◽  
Complex Mechanization ◽  
Production Economic ◽  
The Republic

Agriculture is the central link in the agro-industrial complex, an important source of income and an instrument for ensuring the country's food security. In modern research works, the fundamentals of the development of the technical base of the agricultural economy sector have not been practically revealed. Issues related to the formation and functioning of the agricultural machinery market remain unresolved. In this regard, the search for solutions to the problem of complex mechanization of agriculture is becoming especially relevant in modern conditions. The scientific novelty of the work is to justify the need to improve technical equipment and practical recommendations for the development of the innovative base of agriculture. Provisions that determine the scientific novelty of the study are: to identify the main trends in the changes in the elements of the material and technical base of agriculture in the Republic of Tatarstan and to reveal the necessary modernization and innovative development of the technical base. The practical potential of the research results is to increase the economic efficiency of the technical base of agriculture in the republic. Theoretical and practical results of the study can be recommended for use in the formation of programs for the development of technical equipment of the republican agrarian sector, planning of agricultural production, economic analysis of the economic activity of agricultural enterprises and organizations. Not only the development of the agro-industrial complex as a whole, but also the improvement of the quality of life of the population and its provision with food products depend on the efficiency of using the technical base. The most important agricultural sector in our country is crop production, which produces about 60% of this type of product. The priority area for agricultural development is stable technical support for business development. The solution to this problem largely depends on the use of structural elements of the technical base, on the conditions of its operation and reproduction, on susceptibility to various innovations and on high adaptability to a changing external environment.

scholarly journals Risk management of the agricultural enterprise in the conditions of supervision of external markets

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
Hanna SHARKOVA ◽  
Kseniia KOVTUNENKO ◽  
Yuliia PRODIUS
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise

Introduction. The agro-industrial complex consists of a complex system, using the power of all the main features of the system: the complexity of work, the complexity of efficient resources. The state of the agro-industrial complex is an important indicator of a sustainable national economy whenever needed as a whole. Given the economic and political instability of recent years, risk management of agricultural enterprises is becoming one of the most pressing issues. The purpose of this paper is to identify and study the main risks that manifest themselves in agriculture in the acquisition of foreign markets, to determine the characteristics of the manifestation of risk in the activities of agricultural enterprises in modern economic conditions. Result. Risks are possible adverse events that may occur and as a result of which there may be losses, property losses of participants in foreign economic activity. Entering a foreign market is always an introduction to competition. The main risks of an agricultural enterprise in mastering the foreign market: weather conditions; unsatisfactory production resources and products; undesirable changes in the quality and quantity of factors of production, reducing the quality of seed, fertilizers. Unpredictability of natural and climatic conditions and changes in harvest volumes, fluctuations in prices in domestic and foreign markets are the main factors influencing changes in incomes of agricultural producers. Conclusion. Risk is the probability of deviation of the real value of the studied process, phenomenon, event from the planned one, which leads to diversity in the decision-making process to improve the efficiency of agricultural production. It is necessary to develop a methodology for determining the nature of the risk in relation to agricultural production and highlight the main features of its manifestation in agriculture.

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF GOVERNMENT REGULATION IN THE FIELD OF INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY OF USING RESOURCE POTENTIAL IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-375
Author(s):  
Pavlo MATVIEIEV
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
The Law ◽  
Potential Use

Productive forces are defined as the most important component of the economic system. Increasing the productivity of the resource potential use of the country’s agricultural sector is possible through the implementation of proper state regulation. The purpose of the research is to generalize the experience of highly developed countries in relation to state regulation of the resource potential productivity in the agricultural sector. Results. The content of the law of saving time and the law of nationalization is described. The purpose of state regulation of productivity of resource potential use of the enterprises in agrarian sector is defined. The inconsistency of the traditional paradigm of agrarian policy with modern realities has been established. The need to harmonize economic interests between the links of the agro-industrial complex is emphasized. An analysis of the experience of the European Union, the United States and Japan in the field of effective agricultural policy has been conducted. The positions of scientists regarding the requirements for the new agrarian paradigm are considered. The own position concerning comparison of characteristics of traditional and new agrarian paradigm is proved. The inexpediency of determining the average indicators that characterize the agricultural sector is proved. The need for state support in the agricultural sector was emphasized. The necessity of strengthening state regulation of resource potential of the agricultural sector is substantiated through the following levers: antitrust policy, preservation and reproduction of resource potential, credit and financial mechanism, taxation system, regulation of foreign economic activity, special target programs, price regulation of agricultural production. The program of complex increase of productivity of resource potential use is offered as the main organizational mechanism. Conclusions. State regulation of increasing the productivity of the resource potential of the agricultural sector should be aimed at the development and harmonization of economic interests between the links of the agro-industrial complex. Key words: competition, resource potential, mechanism, agricultural enterprise, productivity, economic efficiency, state regulation, agricultural sector.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document