Drinking water contaminants as risk factors for the health of the Ulyanovsk region population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Ermolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Chronic Effects ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Iron And Manganese

The main goal of health risk analysis is to obtain and generalize information about the possible influence of environmental factors on human health. As a result of hydrochemical analysis of drinking water supply sources in the Ulyanovsk region, a list of main contaminants has been established. It includes ammonium, iron, copper, phosphates, sulfates, chlorides, nitrates, zinc, manganese and chromium. Among them three pollutants - iron, manganese and sulfates – had surpassed maximum permissible concentration. The concentration of iron at the level of threshold chronic effects was found in drinking water of Baryshsky (0.13), Melekessky (0.16), Sengileevsky (0.13) districts. Severe chronic effects can be caused by the concentration of iron and manganese in the drinking water of the Staromainsky (0.4 and 0.3) and Cherdaklinsky (0.9 and 0.27) districts. Assessment of health risks led us to the conclusion that drinking water can serve as an additional risk factor and provoke disease development. Key words: risk factors, morbidity, maximum permissible concentration, pollutants, relative conditional risk, average daily dose.

Prevalence and prognostic impact of left ventricular systolic dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T.J Jernberg ◽  
E.O Omerovic ◽  
E.H Hamilton ◽  
K.L Lindmark ◽  
L.D Desta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Reperfusion Therapy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Additional Risk

Abstract Background Left ventricular dysfunction after an acute myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with poor outcome. The PARADISE-MI trial is examining whether an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor reduces the risk of cardiovascular death or worsening heart failure (HF) in this population. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and prognosis of different subsets of post-MI patients in a real-world setting. Additionally, the prognostic importance of some common risk factors used as risk enrichment criteria in the PARADISE-MI trial were specifically examined. Methods In a nationwide myocardial infarction registry (SWEDEHEART), including 87 177 patients with type 1 MI between 2011–2018, 3 subsets of patients were identified in the overall MI cohort (where patients with previous HF were excluded); population 1 (n=27 568 (32%)) with signs of acute HF or an ejection fraction (EF) <50%, population 2 (n=13 038 (15%)) with signs of acute HF or an EF <40%, and population 3 (PARADISE-MI like) (n=11 175 (13%)) with signs of acute HF or an EF <40% and at least one risk factor (Age ≥70, eGFR <60, diabetes mellitus, prior MI, atrial fibrillation, EF <30%, Killip III-IV and STEMI without reperfusion therapy). Results When all MIs, population 1 (HF or EF <50%), 2 (HF or EF <40%) and 3 (HF or EF <40% + additional risk factor (PARADISE-MI like)) were compared, the median (IQR) age increased from 70 (61–79) to 77 (70–84). Also, the proportion of diabetes (22% to 33%), STEMI (38% to 50%), atrial fibrillation (10% to 24%) and Killip-class >2 (1% to 7%) increased. After 3 years of follow-up, the cumulative probability of death or readmission because of heart failure in the overall MI population and in population 1 to 3 was 17.4%, 26.9%, 37.6% and 41.8%, respectively. In population 2, all risk factors were independently associated with death or readmission because of HF (Age ≥70 (HR (95% CI): 1.80 (1.66–1.95)), eGFR <60 (1.62 (1.52–1.74)), diabetes mellitus (1.35 (1.26–1.44)), prior MI (1.16 (1.07–1.25)), atrial fibrillation (1.35 (1.26–1.45)), EF <30% (1.69 (1.58–1.81)), Killip III-IV (1.34 (1.19–1.51)) and STEMI without reperfusion therapy (1.34 (1.21–1.48))) in a multivariable Cox regression analysis. The risk increased with increasing number of risk factors (Figure 1). Conclusion Depending on definition, post MI HF is present in 13–32% of all MI patients and is associated with a high risk of subsequent death or readmission because of HF. The risk increases significantly with every additional risk factor. There is a need to optimize management and improve outcomes for this high risk population. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Novartis

scholarly journals Pneumonia hospitalisation and case-fatality rates in older Australians with and without risk factors for pneumococcal disease: implications for vaccine policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dirmesropian ◽  
B. Liu ◽  
J. G. Wood ◽  
C. R. MacIntyre ◽  
P. McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Non Invasive

AbstractCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) results in substantial numbers of hospitalisations and deaths in older adults. There are known lifestyle and medical risk factors for pneumococcal disease but the magnitude of the additional risk is not well quantified in Australia. We used a large population-based prospective cohort study of older adults in the state of New South Wales (45 and Up Study) linked to cause-specific hospitalisations, disease notifications and death registrations from 2006 to 2015. We estimated the age-specific incidence of CAP hospitalisation (ICD-10 J12-18), invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) notification and presumptive non-invasive pneumococcal CAP hospitalisation (J13 + J18.1, excluding IPD), comparing those with at least one risk factor to those with no risk factors. The hospitalised case-fatality rate (CFR) included deaths in a 30-day window after hospitalisation. Among 266 951 participants followed for 1 850 000 person-years there were 8747 first hospitalisations for CAP, 157 IPD notifications and 305 non-invasive pneumococcal CAP hospitalisations. In persons 65–84 years, 54.7% had at least one identified risk factor, increasing to 57.0% in those ⩾85 years. The incidence of CAP hospitalisation in those ⩾65 years with at least one risk factor was twofold higher than in those without risk factors, 1091/100 000 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1060–1122) compared with 522/100 000 (95% CI 501–545) and IPD in equivalent groups was almost threefold higher (18.40/100 000 (95% CI 14.61–22.87) vs. 6.82/100 000 (95% CI 4.56–9.79)). The CFR increased with age but there were limited difference by risk status, except in those aged 45 to 64 years. Adults ⩾65 years with at least one risk factor have much higher rates of CAP and IPD suggesting that additional risk factor-based vaccination strategies may be cost-effective.

scholarly journals Fatores de risco adicionais à Escala de Braden: um risco para úlceras de pressão

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-225
Author(s):  
Marisa Hans ◽  
Júlia Valéria De Oliveira Vargas Bitencourt ◽  
Flaviana Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pressure Ulcers ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Madre De Dios ◽  
Braden Scale ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Immunosuppressive Diseases

Estudo quantitativo que tem por objetivo analisar a presença de fatores de risco de úlceras de pressão (UPs), adicionais à Braden, com 134 clientes internados no CTI do Hospital Mãe de Deus, em maio/ junho de 2010 com aprovação dos comitês institucionais: 39/2010; 353/10. Realizou-se coleta de informações do prontuário dos clientes, com instrumento estruturado. Dos 134 clientes, 43 desenvolveram UP, com fator de risco adicional à Braden: infecção, sepse, corticoides, noradrenalina, ventilação mecânica, edema, diabetes mellitus, insuficiência respiratória aguda, doenças inflamatórias, respectivamente com um p <0,001 e neoplasias e doenças imunossupressoras com p <0,05, assim, com significância estatística. Entretanto, sem possibilidade de comparação significativa, considerando o reduzido quantitativo de estudos, tratando da problemática. Portanto, na avaliação do risco das UPs devem ser agregados outros fatores, visando a otimização das medidas de prevenção e qualificação assistencial, além de haver mais estudos permitindo a comparação.Descritores: Úlcera de Pressão, Escala de Braden, Prevenção.Additional risk factors related to Braden Scale: a risk for pressure ulcersThis is a quantitative study that aims to analyze the presence of risk factors for pressure ulcers (UPs), in addition to Braden, with 134 clients admitted to the ICU of the Mother of God Hospital in May / June 2010 with the approval of institutional committees: 39 / 2010, 353/10. We carried out data collection from medical records of clients with structured instrument. Of the 134 clients, 43 developed UP, with the additional risk factor Braden: infection, sepsis, corticosteroids, noradrenaline, mechanical ventilation, edema, diabetes mellitus, acute respiratory failure, inflammatory diseases, respectively with p <0.001 and immunosuppressive diseases and cancers p <0.05, thus statistically significant. However, without the possibility of meaningful comparison, considering the small quantity of studies, dealing with the problem. Therefore, the risk assessment of UPs must be added other factors in optimizing the prevention and care skills, and be more studies allowing the comparison.Descriptors: Pressure Ulcers, Braden Scale, Prevention.Factores de riesgo adicionales a la escala Braden: un riesgo para las úlceras por presiónSe trata de um estudio cuantitativo que tiene por objectivo analizar la presencia de factores de riesgo de úlceras por presión (UP), además de Braden, con 134 pacientes admitidos a la UCI del Hospital de la Madre de Dios en mayo / junio de 2010 con la aprobación de los comités institucionales: 39 / 2010, 353/10. Se llevó a cabo la recopilación de datos de los registros médicos de los clientes con instrumentos estructurados. De los 134 clientes, 43 desarrollaron UP, con la Braden factores de riesgo adicionales: infección, sepsis, los corticosteroides, la noradrenalina, la ventilación mecánica, edema, diabetes mellitus, insuficiencia respiratoria aguda, enfermedades inflamatorias, respectivamente, con p enfermedades <0,001 e inmunosupresores y cánceres p <0,05, por lo tanto estadísticamente significativa. Sin embargo, sin la posibilidad de comparación significativa, considerando la pequeña cantidad de estudios, para tratar el problema. Por lo tanto, la evaluación del riesgo de UPS hay que añadir otros factores en la optimización de la prevención y técnicas de atención y ser más estudios que permitan la comparación.Descriptores: Las úlceras por Presión, Escala de Braden, La Prevención.

Cross-National Comparison of Breastfeeding, Malnutrition and Associated Risk Factors among Mexican-Origin Children Living in Mexico and the US

2021 ◽  
pp. 106939712110215
Author(s):  
Ana Paola Campos ◽  
Mireya Vilar-Compte ◽  
Summer Sherburne Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
National Health ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Mexican Origin ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Us

To examine breastfeeding, individual and household risk factors for malnutrition (i.e., overweight and stunting) among Mexican-origin children aged 6 to 35 months living in Mexico and the US. We ran logistic regression models using subsamples of the 2012 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey, and four waves (2007-2014) of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We found evidence for a protective effect of any breastfeeding on stunting in Mexico. Risk factors for overweight and stunting across countries were high- and low-birthweight, correspondingly. An additional risk factor for overweight was introducing complementary foods before 6 months; while being male, living in Mexico and moderate-severe household food insecurity were additional risk factors for stunting. To prevent malnutrition among Mexican-origin children, pre- and post-natal culturally-sensitive policies and interventions in both countries should be aimed toward preventing high- and low-birthweight, and promoting positive maternal health behaviors such as appropriate child feeding practices.

Hospitalization Earlier than 1 Year Prior to Admission as an Additional Risk Factor for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (05) ◽  
pp. 538-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura McAllister ◽  
Robert P. Gaynes ◽  
David Rimland ◽  
John E. McGowan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Mrsa Colonization ◽  
Control Study

Our case-control study sought to identify risk factors for colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at hospital admission among patients with no known healthcare-related risk factors. We found that patients whose most recent hospitalization occurred greater than 1 year before their current hospital admission were more likely to have MRSA colonization. In addition, both the time that elapsed since the most recent hospitalization and the duration of that hospitalization affected risk.

scholarly journals Postcesarean Thromboprophylaxis with Two Different Regimens of Bemiparin

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milagros Cruz ◽  
Ana M. Fernández-Alonso ◽  
Isabel Rodríguez ◽  
Loreto Garrigosa ◽  
Africa Caño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Placental Abruption ◽  
Pulmonary Thromboembolism ◽  
Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Emergency Cesarean ◽  
Study Population

Objectives. To compare the effectiveness of postcesarean thromboprophylaxis with two different regimens of bemiparin.Material and Methods. The study included 646 women with cesarean delivery in our hospital within a 1-year period, randomly assigned to one of two groups for prophylaxis with 3500 IU bemiparin once daily for 5 days or 3500 IU bemiparin once daily for 10 days.Results. There was one case of pulmonary embolism (first day following cesarean). An additional risk factor was present in 98.52% of the women, most frequently emergency cesarean, anemia, or obesity. The only risk factors for thromboembolic disease significantly related to pulmonary thromboembolism were placental abruption and prematurity. There were no differences in thromboembolic events among the two thromboprophylaxis regimens.Conclusions. Cesarean-related thromboembolic events were reduced in our study population due to the thromboprophylactic measures taken. Thromboprophylaxis with 3500 IU bemiparin once daily for 5 days following cesarean was sufficient to avoid thromboembolic events.

Use of Iron- and Manganese-Oxidizing Bacteria for the Combined Removal of Iron, Manganese and Arsenic from Contaminated Groundwater

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis A. Katsoyiannis ◽  
Anastasios I. Zouboulis
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Abstract The problem of groundwater contamination with arsenic has been under extensive discussion, especially in recent years, because of its adverse effects on human health and its widespread presence in groundwater throughout the world. Large drinking water plants in developed countries normally find alternative and arsenic-free water resources, or they apply conventional arsenic removal methods, such as coagulation/filtration, activated alumina and ion exchange. Smaller towns, communities and individual users in rural areas often rely on local water resources and the respective removal methods developed mainly for larger water treatment plants are not easily applicable, because of high operational and capital costs, or they are simply too complicated and their use is sometimes limited by the specific water composition. Consequently, small drinking water systems face the difficult challenge in providing a safe and sufficient supply of drinking water at a reasonable cost. Alternative treatment methods have been developed for application in these cases. In the present paper, the simultaneous removal of arsenic during biological iron and manganese oxidation is reviewed. The method relies on the use of indigenous non-pathogenic iron- and manganese-oxidizing bacteria. Dissolved iron and manganese species often coexist with arsenic in groundwater. Therefore, the application of this method could provide consumers with water of high quality, which is practically free of iron, manganese and arsenic, complying with the respective legislative limits. In this paper the biological oxidation of iron and manganese has been reviewed and recent findings regarding the removal of arsenic have been summarized. Arsenic(III or V) can be removed efficiently from a wide range of initial concentrations with practically limited operational cost, apart from the capital costs for the installation of treatment units. As a result, the use of chemical reagents for the oxidation of trivalent arsenic can be avoided, because As(III) was efficiently oxidized to As(V) by these bacteria (acting as catalysts) under similar conditions, which are usually applied for the removal of iron and manganese by biological means.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Thrombosis in Adults with Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia. a French Nationwide Cohort Study

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 3745-3745
Author(s):  
Guillaume Moulis ◽  
Bérangère Baricault ◽  
Charlotta Ekstrand ◽  
Margaux Lafaurie ◽  
Christian Fynbo Christiansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Discharge Diagnosis ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is associated with an increased risk of venous and arterial thrombosis (VT and AT, respectively) as compared with the general population. However, the impact of thrombosis risk factors and of ITP treatments, particularly of thrombopoietin-receptor agonists (TPORAs), is not well known in the routine clinical practice. Aim: The objective of this cohort study was to assess the risk factors of VT and AT in adults with primary ITP, including ITP treatments. Methods: The population was the cohort of all incident primary ITP adults in France during 2009-2015 built within the national health insurance database (French Adult Immune Thrombocytopenia - FAITH - cohort; NCT03429660). Incident ITP patients were identified using a validated algorithm combining drug exposures and diagnosis codes according to the international classification of diseases, version 10 (ICD-10). Risks of first hospitalization with a validated primary discharge diagnosis code of VT and AT (coded with the ICD-10) were assessed separately. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Variables included in multivariable models were: age, sex, history of AT and of VT, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, cancer; exposures to antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, antiplatelet, anticoagulant drugs and ITP treatments including splenectomy were modeled as time-dependent variables. Results: The cohort included 7225 adult patient with incident primary ITP: 3807 (52.7%) were ≥60 year-old, 3199 (44.3%) were males, 692 (9.6%) had a history of cardiovascular disease, 937 (13.0%) had diabetes. During the follow-up, 5737 (79.4%) were exposed to corticosteroids, 3364 (46.6%) to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), 995 (13.8%) to TPORAs, and 755 (10.4%) were splenectomized. During the follow-up (23 852 patient-years in total; mean follow-up: 39.5 months), 174 patients had a hospitalization with a primary discharge diagnosis of VT and 333 of AT, leading to incidences of 7.4 (95% CI: 6.4-8.6) and 14.4 (95% CI:12.9-16.0)/1000 patient-years, respectively. In multivariable Cox models, the most important risk factors for VT were higher age (≥60 years vs. <40 years: HR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.39-3.53), a history of VT (HR: 4.38, 95% CI: 1.07-18.02), splenectomy (HR: 3.22, 95% CI: 2.06-3.03), exposure to IVIg (HR: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.41-3.75), corticosteroids (HR: 3.29, 95% CI: 2.39-4.53) and TPORAs (HR: 3.16, 95% CI: 2.04-4.88). All classical baseline cardiovascular risk factors listed above as covariables were associated with the risk of AT. The HRs for AT were 0.97 (95% CI: 0.59-1.61) for splenectomy, 1.05 (95% CI: 0.80-1.40) for corticosteroids, 2.35 (95%CI: 1.58-3.50) for IVIg, 1.25 (95%CI: 0.46-3.37) for danazol and 1.31 (95%CI: 0.84-2.06) for TPORAs. It is of note that among the 25 patients who had a VT while treated by TPORA, 18 (72.0%) were>50 year-old, 14 (56.0%) were women, 6 (24.0%) were splenectomized, 9 (36.0%) were concomitantly exposed to corticosteroids and 3 (12.0%) to IVIg; only 3 women aged<50 years had no additional risk factor. Among the 21 patients who had an AT while treated by TPORA, 18 (85.7%) were>50 year-old, 15 (71.4%) were men, 8 (38.1%) were splenectomized, 5 (23.8%) were concomitantly exposed to corticosteroids and one to IVIg; only one 48-year-old man had no additional risk factor for AT. Conclusions: Baseline risk factors for VT and AT were highly associated with VT and AT occurrence in adults with primary ITP. Splenectomy, corticosteroids, IVIg and TPORAs were risk factors for VT. Most patients who had a thrombosis while treated by TPORA had additional risk factors. These findings help choosing a tailored treatment strategy for a given patient depending on his/her risk profile for VT and AT. Disclosures Christiansen: Amgen: Research Funding. Bahmanyar:Amgen: Research Funding.

Hypercoagulable State Indicates an Additional Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis in Werner’s Syndrome

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (04) ◽  
pp. 576-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Goto ◽  
Yasukazu Kato
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
Werner’S Syndrome ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Werner's Syndrome ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen ◽  
Thrombin Antithrombin Iii Complex

SummaryTo assess the risk factors for atherosclerosis in Werner’s syndrome (WS), coagulation/fibrinolytic system parameters and lipid levels were investigated in 9 non-smoker patients with WS and compared with normal control values (N). The levels of thrombin antithrombin III complex (p <0.05), D-dimer (p <0.05), tissue plasminogen activator (p <0.005) and PA inhibitor 1 (p <0.01) were significantly increased, while the level of thrombomodulin (p <0.005) in the fasting plasma was significantly decreased in the WS cases compared with N. Lipid profiles confirmed that 8 of the 9 patients were of hyperlipidemia type IIb, 7 had hyperinsulinemia and 5 fulfilled the criteria for clinical diabetes mellitus. The hypercoagulable condition suggested the existence of multiple risk factors for atherosclerosis in WS in addition to the previously reported hyperinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia.

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