scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Foreign Trade: Approaches to Statistical Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
A. V. Shved
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Econometric Methods ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Republic

The purpose of the article is to present the results of the author’s research on best current practices in studying the effectiveness of the country’s foreign trade (on the example of the Republic of Belarus) and wording of proposals for improving approaches to its statistical assessment.The author analyzes the traditional methodology directions to evaluate the effectiveness of activities of the national economic authorities by the state. The article provides some modern approaches to assessing the efficiency of foreign trade at the state level. Current econometric methods for estimating the efficiency of foreign trade which are not quite popular with domestic authors but are extensively used by foreign researchers are examined in detail. Based on actual data, the author conducted the analysis of foreign trade efficiency for the EAEU member countries using gravity models of foreign trade with dummy variables and the stochastic frontier method. The results indicate a positive trend in increasing the efficiency of foreign trade activities of the Republic of Belarus and Russia for the period from 2011 to 2019 with the other EAEU, CIS member states, as well as with Lithuania, Latvia and Poland.In the final section of the article, are formulated the directions for improving national statistics of foreign trade based on international experience in terms of its segment, which reflects the effectiveness of foreign economic activity.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MARKETING IN THE CONTEXT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

2021 ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
S. Bunko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
World Community ◽  
Environmental Marketing ◽  
Responsible Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Republic

The article is devoted to the analysis of the inclusion of the Republic of Belarus in the processes of achieving the goals of sustainable development adopted by the world community. Environmental marketing is seen as a tool to achieve sustainable development goals in the area of responsible consumption. The essence of environmental marketing at the level of organizations and at the state level is determined. Directions for the development of environmental marketing in the Republic of Belarus have been identified in order to reduce the volume of non-decomposable waste and waste that cannot be recycled, including due to improper collection.

The integration of cultures: music of the people of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Gulmira Mussagulova ◽  
Zulfiya Kassimova
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Integration ◽  
Cultural Centers ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Republic

The article is devoted to the consideration and study of the creativity of the most prominent representatives of the musical art of national ethnic groups, the role of the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan, the identification of various criteria for the relationship of ethnic groups living in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the peculiarities of their life, way of life, spheres of life, their relationship and views on the modern State, created by the first President of the Republic of Kazakhstan – Nursultan Nazarbayev. The core of the projects completed in the period from 2012 to 2017 includes not only historical facts and materials found from the State Archives, Central Scientific Library and the National Library of the Republic of Kazakhstan, but also an overview of active participation in many events related to the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan, to the 20th and 25th anniversaries of the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan, associated with the considered ethnocultural centers and representatives of certain ethnic groups. Through the media, participation in international scientific and practical conferences, previously unknown facts of the studied ethnic groups were highlighted, and their relationship with the main population of the republic, their contribution to the multinational culture of Kazakhstan, which in turn confirms the prudent, orderly, and wise policy of Elbasy (The Head of the State). The authors use the following methods in the study: historical-chronological, source study, analytical, comparative, and interviewing. Since 2012, in Kazakh musicology, the musical heritage of ethnic groups inhabiting Kazakhstan has been studied. A unique opportunity for a full-fledged study of their work is presented thanks to the activities of the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan and systematic state policy, under the leadership of the First President. In 2017, the second book, entitled "The Historical Significance of the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan in Interethnic Cultural Integration", was published, which became a fruitful result of the research project in 2015–2017. This book is a kind of continuation of the series, which began in the previous collective monograph "The Musical Art of the People of Kazakhstan", which was published at the end of 2014 and has undergone extensive testing not only among professionals, but also among fans of the musical culture of multinational Kazakhstan. Such research projects, which were not previously carried out in the domestic humanitarian science, are significant and in demand, since before their appearance in domestic musicology there were only separate reports on the activities of cultural centers, articles in the media and on Internet sites, a brief analysis of the work of specific masters in publications devoted to the study of the history of musical art of numerous national cultures. They give only fragmentary ideas about the art of the ethnic groups in question. The relevance and insufficient elaboration of these problems served as the basis for the study "The historical significance of the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan in interethnic cultural integration", carried out by the Department of Musicology of the M. Auezov Institute of Literature and Art of the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The implementation of such a complex and significant topic for the national musical art, coverage of the activities of large cultural centers of different ethnic groups, and much more makes it possible to determine the contribution of each of them to the history of Kazakhstan's development and outline ways to preserve the traditional folklore heritage and identity. In this regard, these projects are relevant and socially and politically significant at the state level.

scholarly journals The Nature of Interethnic Relations in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) During the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-145
Author(s):  
Elena Shchegolkova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic

The article is devoted to the analysis of interethnic relations in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) against the background of the coronavirus pandemic. The study was conducted taking into account the methodology of monitoring studies implemented by the FADN of Russia. This material presents data that allow us to make comparisons with representative ethnosociological studies carried out in the RS(Ya) in different years, and to trace the patterns of development of interethnic relations. The article presents conclusions about the state of interethnic relations in the RS (Ya) in 2020. The results of the study allow us to speak about a benevolent interethnic climate in the republic: 75% of Yakuts assess interethnic relations in the republic as benevolent and normal. These indicators are close to the all-Russian ones. The analysis of assessments of interethnic relations in the settlements of the republic for the period 2015–2020 shows a positive dynamics. The interethnic attitudes of the respondents demonstrate a positive trend – 70–80% of the respondents expressed their readiness for interethnic interactions in the labor and informal spheres. The dynamics of measurements on the Bogardus scale demonstrates a steady reduction in the socio-cultural distance. The factors influencing the current trends in interethnic attitudes are highlighted. Negative assessments of the social well-being of the population affect the perception of interethnic relations. Those who are dissatisfied with their life and financial situation are more likely to assess the interethnic situation in their locality as tense.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT CONDITION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (391) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
A. Azimkhan ◽  
R.B. Sartova ◽  
А.К. Bakpayeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Social Stratum ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

This article has the aim to explore the policy of supporting of small and medium-sized businesses. Over the years, the independent states have managed the problems of the economy. The contribution of small businesses to the economy, the replenishment of revenue items in budgets of the different levels, and the creation of new jobs have become one of the decisive factors of the development in the states. Small and medium-sized businesses significantly contribute to the formation of the competitive environment and the establishment of market balance. Currently, small and medium-sized businesses represent fairly powerful social stratum of the society, real and serious economic force. At the present stage, the relationship between business and government has acquired the special role, improving the technology of their interaction; the problem of self-organization of the business community is relevant today as it was only few years ago. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the fundamental link that determines the state level of development in order to ensure sustainable economic growth. This sector of the economy has huge potential for solving many problems of the economic growth of the state, such as undeveloped competition, inefficient use of material and non-material resources, dependence of the domestic demand on imports, unemployment, poverty, etc. Issues of SMEs development in the Republic of Kazakhstan are among the most important and highest state level.

scholarly journals Perspectives and Problems of Inclusion Education in Kazakhstan during Covid 19

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Shynar Gabdrakhmanova ◽  
Gulaiym Turetayeva ◽  
Svetlana Doszhanova
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
State Level ◽  
Training System ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
The Republic

  The XXI century is characterized by the understanding that only individual self-realization is the primary goal of any social development. These changes in public consciousness have caused the emergence of a new paradigm of education based on approaches and concepts developed by modern practice. This includes the idea of "inclusive education." Inclusive education in Kazakhstan is in the formation process, therefore, establishing a system of inclusive education requires a solution at the state level. Coupled with the global pandemic which has affected every person especially the most vulnerable kids, the State Program for the Development of Education and Science in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2020-2025 raises an urgent problem of developing inclusive education. This study conducted a survey using an online poll with participants who are parents of kids with special needs. We asked what kind of challenges they met during Covid 19 pandemic time. Respondents ranked the following topics as the most complicated: lack of funding and resources reduced effectiveness of the educational staff training system, unregulated management and legislative framework, weak coordination of external services, and insufficient participation of the public and private sectors. The results of the research demonstrated that very few schoolchildren with special educational needs receive quality inclusive education.   Keywords: Covid 19; inclusive education; special needs, parents.

National festivals, the state and ‘protestant ascendancy’ in Ireland, 1790–1829

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (93) ◽  
pp. 30-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline R. Hill
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
National Symbols ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Single Set

One indication of Ireland's divided political culture is that there is no general agreement between most catholics and most protestants on a single set of national symbols. To take the case of a national festival, in the Republic of Ireland, where ninety-four per cent of the population is catholic, St Patrick's day (17 March) is celebrated at the popular level, the state level, and is a bank holiday. In Northern Ireland too St Patrick's day is celebrated, but chiefly by catholics (thirty-one per cent of the population), while the festival associated with the majority protestant population is Orangemen's day (12 July) when William III's victory at the battle of the Boyne(l July 1690 O.S.) is commemorated. Both these festivals are kept as bank holidays in Northern Ireland (though not in the rest of the United Kingdom); the Republic of Ireland, however, extends no recognition to 12 July.

scholarly journals Effects of ‘Digital’ Country’s Information Security on Political Stability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan Anh Nguyen ◽  
Kalybek Koblandin ◽  
Shukran Suleymanova ◽  
Vladimir Volokh
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Information Security ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
State Level ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Level

In this day and age, information security is becoming a priority not only in the system of international economic relations but also at the state level. This study aims to study the effect of a ‘digital’ country’s information security on its political stability through quantitative analysis. The study is a mixed research design with a focus on the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. Its methodological basis is represented by the collection and analysis of data on the level and nature of cybersecurity threats (Global Cybersecurity Index, the number of cyber incidents) and on the level of political stability (Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism indicator of the Worldwide Governance Index). The results of the study show that Russia with a GCI 2020 score of 98.06 and Kazakhstan with a GCI score of 93.15 have relatively low levels of political stability. This is evidenced by their 45.7 and 25.7 percentile ranks on Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism and a high frequency of offenses using information and communication technologies. Findings suggest that with a high level of commitment to information security, the growth in cyber incidents will not necessarily affect political stability. The obtained findings provide countries an insight into cybersecurity within the national system as well as present a great deal of data on best practices to work through gaps in the national culture of cybersecurity at the state level. The results and methodology of this study can be used by officials to develop information security strategies and tactics, as well as by other researchers for quantitative analysis of the relationship between information security and political stability of different countries and regions.

scholarly journals Improvement of the Regulatory Framework of Regulation of Transnational Business in Azerbaijan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1369-1379
Author(s):  
Muslumat Allahverdiyeva, Sekine Huseynova, Matanat Dadashova
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
State Level ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Business Regulation ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Negative Impacts

Though formation of the transnational business is based on common principles, this process appears in a specific form in various countries. Transnational business is different depending on the structure of the economy, the level of socio-economic development, organizational and management structure, national-ethnic characteristics, and the level of development of the state in various countries. At the same time, creating and justifying the fact that big, fast-growing and concentrated national companies are ranked in the rankings as TNB (transnational business) is one of the issues within the interest of state and economic science. Upon the Contract of the Century signed in September 1994, Azerbaijan has subsequently signed the production sharing agreements (PSAs) on “Garabakh”, “Dan ulduzu” and “Ashrafi” fields. The biggest TNBs, such as BP, Amoko, Penzoil and Unocal, have their share in oil fields from Azerbaijan. Up to 70% of all investments in the Azerbaijani economy are invested in the oil industry, about 80% of which is imposed by the foreign TNBs. This figure indicates that the TNB has a great role in the economy of Azerbaijan. TNB has both positive and negative impacts on the economy of Azerbaijan. As Azerbaijan’s transnational business develops, various problems also arise. For instance, the problems between the TNB and the Azerbaijan Trade Unions Department, the problems between Britis Petrolium and the Azerbaijan Government, etc. The problems they face with the host countries have begun to show itself in Azerbaijan too. Transnational business regulation is a very urgent issue over the world. The scientists have increasingly investigated the legal aspects of the TNB regulation. This article is dedicated to the actions that are being taken and important to be taken to regulate transnational business at the state level in the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the regulation methodology is proposed.

scholarly journals Trade العلاقات التجارية للدولة الصفوية مع الدول الخارجية

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 696
Author(s):  
دارا تؤفيق كاكةامين
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
The State ◽  
External Trade ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Third ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Import And Export

Trade relations of the Safavid state with foreign countries Trade is one of the most important economic activities, where the consumer gets to life through a point of communication between the producer and the consumer. Trade is divided into internal and external trade, where the internal trader's responsibility is to deliver and provide products and services within the geographical boundaries of the state. Foreign trade is the process of exchanging national economic products outside the country's geographical borders, as well as the transfer of ownership of products and resources to one another through the import and export process. Therefore, trade is the important areas of life, which have become important factors that affected the economy (Iran) in a record period in the Safavid era, which led to the expansion and development of trade relations with neighboring countries abroad, and in order to recognize the importance of this aspect, this research Shows the importance of trade and its impact on political treaties of that era. This research is divided into an introduction with three main sections, the first deals with domestic and foreign trade, while the second section highlights the attention on trade routes, either the third and last section was for the purpose of studying the commercial relations of Safavid with other Nations, which include the (Ottoman, The Portuguese, British, Dutch, French, and Russians).

scholarly journals Child protection measures during the Great patriotic war: from regional history.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
Rima N. Suleimanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Consideration ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Scientific Topic ◽  
Regional Historiography

The article is devoted to a topical scientific topic that has, first of all, social significance, which has not yet received special consideration in regional historiography - the topic of war childhood. Based on a large range of documentary materials and various sources, the support of children at the state level during the Great Patriotic War is considered on the example of one of the rear regions of the USSR - the Bashkir ASSR. Shows the adoption of legislative and regulatory acts on the protection of various categories of the child population and their implementation. Attention is drawn to the solution of the problem of child homelessness and neglect, aggravated in wartime conditions. The activity of power structures, public organizations of the republic to provide assistance to children and children's institutions, the existing difficulties and omissions are analyzed. A special place in the article is occupied by children's institutions that were evacuated in the republic from various regions of the Soviet country, including those with Spanish pupils. Introduction: The article examines the scientific topic of military childhood using a regional example. It should be noted that, in general, a lot has been done in the study of the history of the Great Patriotic War in Russian historiography: a large number of monographs, collections of articles, conference materials, documents and materials have been http://www.hist-edu.ru Историческая и социально-образовательная мысль. Toм 13 №3, 2021 Historical and Social-Educational Idea. Volume 13 #3, 2021 48 published. But this topic has not yet received special consideration. The same is typical for regional historiography. Methods: The content of the article is based on various research methods, first of all, on the method of historicism, a consistent presentation of the events of regional significance in close connection with all-Union events, which allows us to show the specific features of the development of these events in a given region. Methods of objectivity and scientificness were also applied, aimed at studying the main points of the topic in consistent dynamics, identifying objective information and facts. In the presentation of the article, the methods of comparative historical analysis, problem-chronological and logical ones were used. Results: The article is based on archival documents found in the National Archives of the Republic of Bashkortostan and the State Archives of the Russian Federation, as well as on various sources such as materials from periodicals, local museums and memories of war children. This made it possible to consider the provision of assistance to children in a specific region of the Soviet country during the war years, to identify difficulties and miscalculations. The documentary materials and various sources used in the article made it possible to draw the appropriate conclusion: the support of childhood at the state level was contradictory, which was associated with objective reasons.

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