INTERRELATION OF microRNAS AND TRANSPOSONS IN AGING AND CARCINOGENESIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 516-529
Author(s):  
Р.Н. Мустафин
Keyword(s):  
Transposable Elements ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Physiological Aging ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

Активация мобильных генетических элементов играет роль в канцерогенезе и физиологическом старении человека, которое ассоциировано с развитием злокачественных новообразований. В данной статье представлены результаты анализа данных о наличии единых эпигенетических изменений при старении и канцерогенезе, обусловленных динамикой экспрессии происходящих от транспозонов микроРНК. Было выявлено, что при старении нарушается экспрессия происходящей от транспозонов 21 специфической микроРНК, уровень которых меняется также при злокачественных новообразованиях. Ранее подобных свидетельств о взаимосвязи механизмов старения и канцерогенеза на эпигенетическом уровне не было представлено. Полученные результаты позволяют предположить, что одним из ключевых механизмов старения является дисбаланс в запрограммированной активации мобильных генетических элементов, что отражается на изменении эпигенетической регуляции организма и приводит к повышенному риску развития рака. Так как прекурсоры микроРНК могут транслироваться с образованием функциональных молекул, применяемые в геронтологии пептиды могут быть рассмотрены как потенциальные противоопухолевые препараты. Dysregulation of transposable elements plays a key role in human carcinogenesis. Physiological aging in humans is also caused by deregulation of transposons. Moreover, aging is associated with the development of cancer. We presented the results of an analysis of data on the presence of common epigenetic changes during aging and carcinogenesis, associated with changes in the expression of microRNAs derived from transposons. We found that aging is characterized by changes in the expression of 21 specific transposon-derived microRNAs associated with the development of malignant neoplasms. Before us, evidence similar to ours on the relationship between the mechanisms of aging and carcinogenesis at the epigenetic level has not been presented. We hypothesized that one of the key mechanisms of aging is an imbalance in the programmed activation of mobile genetic elements, which is reflected in changes in the body’s epigenetic regulation and leads to an increased risk of cancer. Since miRNA precursors can be translated with the formation of functional molecules, peptides used in gerontology can be considered as potential anticancer drugs.

scholarly journals The Association of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation and Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mengxia Zhang ◽  
Lin-ling Li ◽  
Qian-qian Zhao ◽  
Xiao-dong Peng ◽  
Kui Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Incident Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Onset Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
New Onset

Background. There are distinct results for the relationship between new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) and subsequent incident cancer. To date, no systematic analysis has been conducted on this issue. This study aims to explore the relationship between NOAF and the risk of developing cancer through a meta-analysis with a large sample size. Methods. Electronic databases, such as PubMed and EMBASE, were searched for published relevant studies on NOAF patients diagnosed with cancer after and during follow-ups, including reported records of baseline information and the statistical result of morbidity. Two investigators independently reviewed the articles and extracted the data using uniform standards and definitions. The meta-analysis was conducted using the Cochrane Program Review Manager. Results. This meta-analysis consisted of five cohort studies and one case-control study, which comprised 533,514 participants. The pooled relative risk (RR) for incident cancer was 1.24 (95% CI: 1.10–1.39, P=0.0003). The temporal trend analysis demonstrated that an increased risk of cancer was observed during the initial 90 days (RR: 3.44, 95% CI: 2.29–5.57, P<0.00001), but not after that. Lung cancer (RR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.47–1.55, P<0.00001) was associated with NOAF, but not colorectal cancer and breast cancer. Conclusion. This meta-analysis provides evidence that NOAF is associated with increased risk of cancer. The risk of incident cancer particularly increases within 90 days after NOAF diagnosis, but not after that.

scholarly journals A Meta-Analysis on the Relations between EGFR R521K Polymorphism and Risk of Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinsheng Wang ◽  
Lidan Zha ◽  
Dan Liao ◽  
Xiaozhi Li
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

The EGFR R521K polymorphism has been shown to reduce the activity of EGFR; however, the association between EGFR R521K polymorphism and the risk of cancer remains inconclusive; therefore we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between EGFR R521K polymorphism and susceptibility to cancer. Our results suggest that the EGFR R521K polymorphism is not associated with risk of cancer, but the different chemosensitivity to anticancer drugs may need further investigation.

scholarly journals PSORIASIS AND CANCER: A SYSTEMIC REVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Fiallos Castro María Belén ◽  
Armijos Romero Noella Lisbeth ◽  
Rodríguez Lema Andrea Carolina ◽  
Araujo Saa Alvaro Paul ◽  
Rivera García Soraya Maricela
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Ultraviolet A ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Large Heterogeneity ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Melanoma Skin

The relationship between psoriasis and increased cancer risk is debated.The aim of this study was to evaluate if there is an increase in the background risk of cancer in psoriasis patients compared with the general population.There was a large heterogeneity in studies assessing cancer risk in psoriasis preventing from including all studies in meta-analysis. This systematic literature review shows a small increased risk of some solid cancers in psoriasis,especially those linked to alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking. A higher risk of non-melanoma skin cancers, especially squamous cell carcinoma, is shown, mainly due to previous exposure to 8-methoxypsoralen-ultraviolet-A (PUVA), ciclosporin and possibly methotrexate

scholarly journals The Relationship between Pre-miR-3131 3-bp Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and Susceptibility and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Patients with Breast Cancer

MicroRNA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-223
Author(s):  
Mahsa Azizi ◽  
Nahid Rahimi ◽  
Gholamreza Bahari ◽  
Seyed Mehdi Hashemi ◽  
Mohammad Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Aims: This study aimed at examining the effect of 3-bp pre-miR-3131 insertion/deletion (ins/del) polymorphism on Breast Cancer (BC) risk. Objectives: Totally 403 women including 199 BC patients and 204 women who have no cancer were included in this case-control study. Genotyping of miR-3131 3-bp ins/del polymorphism was performed by mismatch PCR-RFLP method. Methods: The findings expressed that the pre-miR-3131 3-bp ins/del variant was not related to the risk of BC in all genetic tested models. While, the ins/del genotype was related to late onset BC (OR=2.53, 95%CI=1.27-4.84, p=0.008). Results: Pooled results from the meta-analysis indicated to that the pre-miR-3131 ins/del is related to with an increased risk of cancer in heterozygous (OR=1.26, 95%CI=1.06-1.51, p=0.01), dominant (OR=1.33, 95%CI=1.14-1.54, p=0.0002), and allele (OR=1.24, 95%CI=1.06-1.45, p=0.006) genetics models. Conclusion: It is concluded that, our findings did not support a relationship between pre-miR-3131 ins/del polymorphism and the risk of BC. While, this variant was significantly related to late onset BC. Combined results of this study with previous studies indicated that this polymorphism increased the risk of cancer. More studies in a study with larger population with variety of ethnicities are required to verify our findings.

scholarly journals Pharmacotherapy for Behçet’s Disease and the Risk of Malignancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao-Xin Huang ◽  
Cai-Yun Wang ◽  
Jin-Yan Guo ◽  
Jian-Hao Li ◽  
Xiao-Hong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Behçet’S Disease ◽  
Behcet’S Disease ◽  
Behçet's Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Behcet's Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Behçet’s disease (BD) is associated with an increased risk of cancer. Few reports have been published on the relationship between drug exposure and the risk of cancer in patients with BD. Herein, we explored the relationship between pharmacologic interventions for BD and the risk of cancer.Methods: we carried out a retrospective nested case-control study in a cohort of BD patients from attending our institution. Among 1,148 patients, 22 cancer patients were individually 1:2 matched to 44 cancer-free controls. The following biochemical indicators were evaluated: routine blood analysis, liver and kidney function tests, inflammatory indexes, blood gas analysis, blood electrolyte and previous pharmacologic interventions to manage BD including systemic glucocorticoids, methotrexate, cyclosporine-A, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide (CYC), and thalidomide, which are considered the primary medicines used for the management of BD.Results: Among the 22 BD patients with cancers, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (22.72%) was the most common type. Furthermore, CYC administration was significantly higher in BD patients with cancer compared with the cancer-free matched control group. Further, we observed that complement 4 (C4) (odds ratio [OR] = 0.0001, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.001–0.065) and hemoglobin (Hb) (OR = 0.891, 95% CI: 0.795–0.998) levels were independent protective factors for predicting cancer risk in BD patients on multivariate analyses.Conclusion: Our study revealed that CYC was associated with a high risk of cancer in BD patients. Furthermore, C4 and Hb are independent protective factors for oncogenesis in BD patients. These findings may provide references and suggestions for clinicians to select appropriate treatments and for the early recognition of high-risk patients to reduce cancer incidence in BD patients.

scholarly journals SYSTEMIC THERAPY AND PHOTOTHERAPY OF PSORIASIS - THE POTENTIAL RISKS OF CANCER

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 172-176
Author(s):  
D. S Kulbiy ◽  
E. S Ponich ◽  
Larisa Sergeevna Kruglova
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Systemic Therapy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

The relevance of studying psoriasis and its treatment is conditioned by the ever increasing incidence of this condition and frequency of its severe forms. The recent studies on the complications of both psoriasis itself and its treatment have demonstrated the increased risk of associated carcinogenesis. The analysis and systematization of information accumulated to date gives evidence of the relationship between the development of cancer and the application of modern methods for the treatment of psoriasis Moreover, the available data suggest the enhanced risk of cancer in the patients suffering from this disease compared with that in the general population.

Factors Influencing the Health Condition of the Adult Population Residing in the Activity Area of Atomic Industry Enterprise

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
D. Kalinkin ◽  
T. Takhauova ◽  
A. Karpov ◽  
Yu. Samoilova ◽  
M. Plaksin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Activity Zone ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Siberian Group

Purpose: Development of the basic directions of a modern strategy for protecting the health of the adult population living in the activity zone of nuclear industry enterprises (using the example of the Seversk population). Material and methods: The object of the study was the population of the city of Seversk, formed around the Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises. The subject of the study was demographic indicators; disability; incidence of malignant neoplasms, diseases of the circulatory system, injuries and accidents); socio-economic, behavioral and technological risk factors affecting the occurrence of major diseases. Results: It was established that by the end of the study period (1970–2017), the studied population was in a state of natural population decline due to a decrease in the birth rate and an increase in mortality, while the mortality rate exceeded the birth rate. During the period under review, the primary incidence of malignant neoplasia significantly increased; at the same time, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, as well as the frequency of injuries and poisoning, decreased. Among the adult population of Seversk, behavioral factors (the habit of smoking, regular use of alcohol, a sedentary lifestyle, lack of regular physical activity) are more common than socio-economic (living conditions, financial situation) risk factors. Important risk factors are incorrect assessment by citizens of their own health and the reasons for its violation. Among Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises workers exposed to tekhnogenic risk factor (long-term occupational exposure), there is an increased risk of cancer death of all localizations taken together, respiratory and digestive organs; bones, joints, mesothelium, soft tissues and genitals. At the same time, the risk of oncological mortality during irradiation was not exceeded in the range of small doses of (up to 100 mSv), and for any of the localization of malignant neoplasms this effect is not dose-dependent. Conclusion: The data obtained made it possible to specify and substantiate the basic directions of the modern strategy for protecting the health of the adult population living in the activity zone of nuclear industry enterprises (using the example of the Seversk population).

scholarly journals Redox Imbalances in Ageing and Metabolic Alterations: Implications in Cancer and Cardiac Diseases. An Overview from the Working Group of Cardiotoxicity and Cardioprotection of the Italian Society of Cardiology (SIC)

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Mercurio ◽  
Alessandra Cuomo ◽  
Christian Cadeddu Dessalvi ◽  
Martino Deidda ◽  
Daniela Di Lisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cancer Risk Factors ◽  
Established Risk Factor ◽  
Lv Dysfunction ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
High Calorie

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a well established risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) diseases. In addition, several studies indicate that MetS correlates with the increased risk of cancer in adults. The mechanisms linking MetS and cancer are not fully understood. Several risk factors involved in MetS are also cancer risk factors, such as the consumption of high calorie-food or high fat intake, low fibre intake, and sedentary lifestyle. Other common aspects of both cancer and MetS are oxidative stress and inflammation. In addition, some anticancer treatments can induce cardiotoxicity, including, for instance, left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and heart failure (HF), endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. In this review, we analyse several aspects of MetS, cancer and cardiotoxicity from anticancer drugs. In particular, we focus on oxidative stress in ageing, cancer and CV diseases, and we analyse the connections among CV risk factors, cancer and cardiotoxicity from anticancer drugs.

scholarly journals Swedish snus use is associated with mortality: a pooled analysis of eight prospective studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Lisa Byhamre ◽  
Marzieh Araghi ◽  
Lars Alfredsson ◽  
Rino Bellocco ◽  
Gunnar Engström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Shared Frailty ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Swedish Snus

Abstract Background The health consequences of the use of Swedish snus, including its relationship with mortality, have not been fully established. We investigated the relationship between snus use and all-cause and cause-specific mortality (death due to cardiovascular diseases, cancer diseases and all other reasons, respectively) in a nationwide collaborative pooling project. Methods We followed 169 103 never-smoking men from eight Swedish cohort studies, recruited in 1978–2010. Shared frailty models with random effects at the study level were used in order to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of mortality associated with snus use. Results Exclusive current snus users had an increased risk of all-cause mortality (aHR 1.28, 95% CI 1.20–1.35), cardiovascular mortality (aHR 1.27, 95% CI 1.15–1.41) and other cause mortality (aHR 1.37, 95% CI 1.24–1.52) compared with never-users of tobacco. The risk of cancer mortality was also increased (aHR 1.12, 95% CI 1.00–1.26). These mortality risks increased with duration of snus use, but not with weekly amount. Conclusions Snus use among men is associated with increased all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, with death from other causes and possibly with increased cancer mortality.

scholarly journals A Dynamic Simulation of the Immune System Response to Inhibit And Eliminate Abnormal Cells

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 572 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Alharbi ◽  
A. S. Rambely
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
System Response ◽  
Recovery Stage ◽  
Food Pyramid ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Abnormal Cells ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

Diet has long been considered a risk factor related to an increased risk of cancer. This challenges us to understand the relationship between the immune system and diet when abnormal cells appear in a tissue. In this paper, we propose and analyze a model from the point of view of a person who follows a healthy diet, i.e., one correlated to the food pyramid, and a person who follows an unhealthy diet. Normal cells and immune cells are used in the design of the model, which aims to describe how the immune system functions when abnormal cells appear in a tissue. The results show that the immune system is able to inhibit and eliminate abnormal cells through the three following stages: the response stage, the interaction stage, and the recovery stage. Specifically, the failure of the immune system to accomplish the interaction stage occurs when a person follows an unhealthy diet. According to the analysis and simulation of our model, we can deduce that dietary pattern has a significant impact on the functioning of the immune system.

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