scholarly journals HEALTH AND SAFETY IN THE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING WORKPLACE

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-730
Author(s):  
Anica Milosevic ◽  
Gordana Bogdanovic ◽  
Masa Milosevic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Health Damage

Risk assessment is the systematic recording and evaluation of all factors in the work process that can cause occupational injuries, illnesses or health damage. It can identify the options, ways of preventing, eliminating and reducing risks.The risk assessment considers the work organization, work processes, raw materials and materials used in technological and work processes, personal protective equipment and equipment at work, as well as other elements that may cause risk of personal injury, health damage or illness of the employee.The primary objective of occupational risk assessment is the protection, safety and health of employees.Risk assessment helps to minimize the risk of employees being compromised during work process activities. It also helps to maintain the efficiency of the business activity.A risk assessment act is an act containing a description of the work process with an assessment of the risk of injury and / or damage to workplace health in the work environment and measures to eliminate or reduce risks in order to improve safety and health at work.This act determines the possible types of hazards and harms in the workplace, assesses the risk of injury at work or health damage of the employee, determines ways and measures to eliminate them, or reduce their risk to minimum.Mechanical engineers design machines and tools, organize their production and handle their exploitation. They are experts for propulsion engines, vehicles and vessels, process and power plants, load-bearing structures. As designers, they design a product or manufacturing process so it can best meet the requirements and functions they need. In a process of designing a product, they take available raw materials and available production technology, and if they design the production process, they are guided by the type of input material and processing technology. Mechanical engineers in manufacturing plan, manage and supervise the production of machinery and plant. They systematically test the manufactured components, because they depend on the efficiency, reliability and safety of the whole system. For quality assurance, they constantly carry out tests and measurements of input materials and finished products with measuring instruments.This work is based on an analysis of the position of a mechanical engineer in the company named "Flamma-Systems Ltd." based in Nis. The company employs mechanical engineers and it deals primary with manufacturing of high-power boilers for heating greenhouses and buildings. The main market for this company is Sweden.

scholarly journals RISK ASSESSMENTIN THE WORKPLACE IN OIL INDUSTRY

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebojša Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Personal Protection ◽  
Work Processes

The risk assessment is based on the systematic recording and evaluation of all factors in the workprocess, the possible dangers and hazards in the workplace and in the working environment that maycause occupational injury, damage to health or illness of the employee.Risk assessment focus is on work organization, work processes, tools, raw materials and materials usedin technology and work processes, tools and equipment for personal protection at work, as well as otherelements that can cause the risk of occupational injuries, damage health or illness of the employee.The paper will give a few examples of risk assessment in the workplace in an oil refinery Brod andstatistical indicators of accidents which occurred in the reporting workplace and on the intensity ofrepetition assess the risk of accidents and recommend measures to ensure his impairment, but also toprevent injury at work.

Characteristics of forklift accidents in korean industrial sites

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kwan Woo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Industrial Accidents ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Intensive Education ◽  
And Training ◽  
Insurance Compensation

BACKGROUND: Although using forklifts in industrial sites contributes to productivity, many workers have been injured or killed owing to industrial accidents caused by forklifts. OBJECTIVE: This study analyzed the characteristics of forklift accidents by employment type and work process, thereby identifying the factors contributing to industrial accidents and providing recommendations to prevent accidents. METHODS: Data on 1,061 industrial forklift accidents occurring in 2018 collected from the national injury insurance compensation database were analyzed. In addition to analyzing the accident characteristics, this study performed a risk assessment per forklift work process. RESULTS: Many accidents were associated with older workers, those employed for <  6 months, and workplaces with ≤49 workers. The risk was the highest for accidents involving caught-in objects in the loading/unloading step and collision accidents in the forward- and backward-driving steps. CONCLUSIONS: Measures are needed to prevent industrial forklift accidents. First, forklift and worker movement routes must be strictly separated or controlled by a work supervisor. It is necessary to secure a time margin for workers to avoid collapsing cargo by using an appropriate tool/jig during loading/unloading. Second, guidance, inspection, and support are needed to promote employers’ safety and health awareness in workplaces with <  50 workers. Lastly, intensive education and training concerning health and safety is required for workers with less than six months of experience.

Risk assessment of educational support staff’s work in schools

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dong Hwan Ko ◽  
Myoung Hwan Park ◽  
Byung Yong Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Sick Leave ◽  
School Safety ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Prevention Policy ◽  
Risk Matrix ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Educational Support ◽  
Educational Staff

BACKGROUND: Educational support staff (educational staff) in schools perform widely distinctive activities according to their occupation and work process. OBJECTIVE: This study analyzes the possible incidents for each occupation and work process, and suggests a risk matrix prioritizing the risks of educational staff’s work. METHODS: A total of 1,566 injuries of educational staff, registered for occupational injuries and illnesses between 2015 and 2016, were used to develop the risk matrix considering injuries, sick leave days, and disabilities. RESULTS: Among the 1,566 injuries, ‘Cook-cooking/serving: Burn’ (8.5%) was the most frequent incident. ‘Cook-manual materials handling (MMH): musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs)’ (241.6 sick leave days) was the most severe incident, and the number of disabilities was high in the forms of ‘Cook-cooking/serving: MSDs.’ According to risk assessment results, possible incidents predicted as ‘High’ level of risk management were in the forms of ‘Cook-cooking/serving: MSDs,’ ‘Cook-MMH: Slip and trip,’ ‘Cook-cleaning/repairing: Fall from a height,’ ‘Cook-walking: Slip and trip,’ ‘Cook-MMH: MSDs,’ ‘Cook-cooking/serving: Burn,’ ‘Cook-cleaning/repairing: Slip and trip,’ ‘Custodian-cleaning/repairing: Fall from a height,’ and ‘Instructor-walking: Slip and trip.’ CONCLUSIONS: The results can be used to develop an effective injury prevention policy, and to allocate resources for risk management in ensuring school safety.

scholarly journals Analisa Potensi Bahaya dan Upaya Pencegahan Kecelakaan Kerja Dengan Job Safety Analisys (JSA) Pada Divisi Pencucian di PT “X”

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Siti Rohmah ◽  
Kuswinarti Kuswinarti
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Risk Rating ◽  
Chemical Hazards ◽  
Job Safety

The work process in the washing division of the "X" Company consists of three kinds of processes: washing, squeezing and drying. All of these work processes involve interactions between workers, raw materials, equipment and the environment. These interactions can create hazards and risks to both health and accident risks if they are not carried out according to the correct procedures and steps. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential hazards and risk rating in order to provide recommendations for their control in the washing division of the "X" Company. The research method is observational, which is only observing objects without controlling any variables. The steps taken are to identify and analyze the existing hazards and the risks that may occur so that analysis of potential hazards, types of accidents that may occur and recommendations for their control is needed. The research results show that the potential hazards in the washing division are 52, consisting of 46 ergonomic hazards and 6 chemical hazards. On this basis, recommendations for control have been prepared to prevent accidents that must be carried out.

Glossary of terms used in developmental and reproductive toxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2016)

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 713-830
Author(s):  
John H. Duffus ◽  
Michael Schwenk ◽  
Douglas M. Templeton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Assessment ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Systems ◽  
Teratogenic Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Medical Practitioners

Abstract The primary objective of this glossary is to give clear definitions for those who contribute to studies relevant to these disciplines, or who must interpret them, but are not themselves reproductive physiologists or physicians. This applies especially to chemists who need to understand the literature of reproductive and teratogenic effects of substances without recourse to a multiplicity of other glossaries or dictionaries. The glossary includes terms related to basic and clinical reproductive biology and teratogenesis, insofar as they are necessary for a self-contained document, particularly terms related to diagnosing, measuring, and understanding the effects of substances on the embryo, the fetus, and on the male and female reproductive systems. The glossary consists of about 1200 primary alphabetical entries and includes Annexes of common abbreviations and examples of chemicals with known effects on human reproduction and development. The authors hope that toxicologists, pharmacologists, medical practitioners, risk assessors, and regulatory authorities are among the groups who will find this glossary helpful, in addition to chemists. In particular, the glossary should facilitate the worldwide use of chemical terminology in relation to occupational and environmental risk assessment.

scholarly journals Biological risk assessment: A challenge for occupational health and safety practitioners during the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) Pandemic

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Carlos Carvalhais ◽  
Micaela Querido ◽  
Cristiana C. Pereira ◽  
Joana Santos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Biological Risk ◽  
Occupational Risks ◽  
Qualitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Medium Risk

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 global pandemic brought several challenges to occupational safety and health practice. One of these is the need to (re)assess the occupational risks, particularly, biological risks. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work is to promote guidance to occupational safety and health practitioners when conducting a biological risk assessment in this context. METHODS: The main steps of the biological risk assessment are explained with some inputs regarding the novelty posed by SARS-CoV-2 and an example of a qualitative risk assessment method is presented. Also, its application to two different activities was exemplified. RESULTS: In both cases, the assessment considered that vulnerable workers were working from home or in medical leave. The results showed low or medium risk level for the assessed tasks. For medium risk level, additional controls are advised, such maintain social distancing, sanitize instruments/equipment before use, use proper and well-maintained PPE (when applicable), and promote awareness sessions to spread good practices at work. Employers must be aware of their obligations regarding biological risk assessment and OSH practitioners must be prepared to screen and link the abundance of scientific evidence generated following the outbreak, with the technical practice. CONCLUSIONS: This paper could be an important contribution to OSH practice since it highlights the need to (re)assess occupational risks, especially biological risk, to ensure a safe return to work, providing technical guidance.

Occupational injuries in underground coal mining in Serbia: A case study

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ivana Ilić Krstić ◽  
Danijela Avramović ◽  
Snežana Živković
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Underground Coal Mining ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Employee Safety ◽  
Injury Data ◽  
Safety And Health

BACKGROUND: Mining, especially underground coal mining, has always been a hazardous occupation. Injuries, including those that are fatal, are a major occupational risk that all miners have to face. OBJECTIVE: Despite the fact that all workers are aware of the risks, efforts must be made to increase their safety through the implementation of preventive measures. METHODS: This retrospective study includes injury data from all nine Serbian coal mines over a 16-year period, from 2000 to 2016. All injury data were collected from employee safety and health records. RESULTS: In the analyzed period, a total of 9,273 occupational injuries were recorded at Resavica. The highest number of occupational injuries (over 600) were recorded in 2008 (669), 2004 (651), and 2005 (603). The data shows that almost one fifth of the total number of occupational injuries, or 20.74%, occurred during the said three years. On average, 493.06 minor, 51.12 severe, and 1.29 fatal injuries occurred each year. Every day there were 1.29 minor occupational injuries and every seven days there was one severe injury. CONCLUSIONS: Despite indications that there is a connection between some of the variables and the number of injuries, the general conclusion is that injuries are accidental and unpredictable. The high percentages of injuries are due to the organization of work and the age or qualification structure of the staff and, of course, are the consequence of likelihood –the greater the number of workers, the greater the likelihood of injury. However, the present study showed that some measures can be taken to increase occupational safety and reduce the number of injuries.

ANALISIS KESELAMATAN KESEHATAN KERJA (K3) TERHADAP RISIKO BAHAYA LINGKUNGAN FISIK DENGAN METODE “HIRARC” DI RUMAH POTONG HEWAN KOTA PEKANBARU TAHUN 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-224
Author(s):  
Diana Putri ◽  
Asril Asril ◽  
Beny Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Administrative Control ◽  
Engineering Control ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Work Shifts

ABSTRAK Rumah Potong Hewan merupakan suatu bangunan yang memiliki desain dan konstruksi khusus digunakan sebagai tempat pemotongan hewan. Aktivitas kerja di RPH memiliki potensi bahaya yang dapat mengancam keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja. Berdasarkan observasi awal, RPH Kota Pekanbaru ini tidak memiliki laporan bulanan maupun tahunan mengenai data kecelakaan, dan juga belum pernah melakukan identifikasi, dan penilaian terhadap bahaya yang ada. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis keselamatan kesehatan kerja (K3) terhadap risiko bahaya lingkungan fisik di tempat kerja dengan metode “HIRARC” (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control). Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif analitik. Lokasi penenlitian dilakukan di rumah potong hewan Kota Pekanbaru, penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2020. Informan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 6 orang, sebagai informan utama yaitu Kepala UPTD, 2 orang informan pendukung yaitu koordinator lapangan dan dokter hewan, dan informan kunci yaitu pekerja, metode yang digunakan peneliti yaitu wawancara mendalam dan observasi langsung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan potensi bahaya tingkatan risiko “Ekstrim” seperti diseruduk sapi pada proses penggiringan sapi menuju killing box, tertimpa katrol dan sapi pada proses penggantungan dan pemindahan sapi menggunakan katrol. Rumah Potong Hewan belum pernah melakukan identifikasi bahaya, penilaian risiko akan tetapi untuk pengendalian risiko sudah dilakukan beberapa upaya di rumah potong hewan, seperti SOP, Shift kerja, dan juga APD. Rekomendasi yang diberikan yaitu diharapkan sebaiknya RPH memiliki fasilitas yang berhubungan dengan kesehatan pekerja. Perlu adanya upaya pengendalian risiko secara engineering control, contohnya, membuat kerangkeng sapi. administrative control, seperti, memberikan sosialisasi, maintenance, housekeeping dan inspeksi, terhadap alat, mesin dan pekerja. ABSTRACTSlaughterhouse is a building having the design and construction specifically used as animal slaughterhouse. Slaughterhouse’s work activities have potential of hazards which can cause harm to workers’ safety and health. Based on pre observation, the slaughterhouse in Pekanbaru does not have any monthly and annual report about the data of accident. This livestock production also has no doing identification and assessment of hazard. The purposes of this study are to analyze occupational health and safety toward risk of danger physical environment at work, this study uses Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control “HIRARC” method which using likelihood and severity level of each hazard as references to define a risk value. There are 6 informants the maininfromants is a UPTD head, 2 supporting informants are the field coordinator and venetarian, and the key informant is a worker, The methode that use in this study is interview And observation. The study shows that the most extreme are getting hit by a cow in cattle herding to killing box, falling of a cow hoist material from conveyor railing in shackling and hoisting process. Slaughterhouse has never done hazard identification and risk assessment. However, for risk control have done several attempts in slaughterhouse, such as Standard Operating Procedures, work shifts, and Personal Protective Equipment. Recommendation is given that the slaughterhouse should has facilities related to health of workers. It needs an effort to risk control through engineering control such as making cow cages, administrative control, such as giving socialization, maintenance, housekeeping and inspection of tools, machines and workersKeywords : Slaughterhouse, Hazard, Risk, Physical Environtmen, HIRARC.

Influence of the synthesis method of tert-butylated triphenyl phosphates on the operational properties of fire-resistant fluids

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
A.S. Medzhibovskiy ◽  
◽  
A.S. Kolokolnikov ◽  
A.O. Savchenko ◽  
G.A. Poldushova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Phosphorus Oxychloride ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Hydrolytic Stability ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Triphenyl Phosphate ◽  
Prolonged Contact

Three substituted aryl esters of orthophosphoric acid are the base component of fire-resistant fluids used in the lubricating and electro-hydraulic control system at steam and gas turbines of power plants. In this paper, we studied the possibility of improving the physicochemical and performance properties of phosphates, which are made of the raw materials available in the Russian Federation: phenol and 4-tert-butylphenol by reducing the content of an undesirable component - unsubstituted triphenyl phosphate, which is particularly vulnerable towards water. According to the results of the work, the conclusions were made: - a decrease in the content of triphenyl phosphate to a level of 1% and below leads to some improvement (reduction) of the air release time and an increase in the hydrolytic stability (represented as reducing the change in acid number after prolonged contact with water) of the fire-resistant fluid based on mixed esters. The degree of change of these properties is quantified. - it is possible to achieve the minimum content of triphenyl phosphate by changing the phosphorylation technology. By carrying out the process stepwise, the possibility of the interaction of phosphorus oxychloride with unsubstituted phenol is substantially eliminated, that is why there is almost no probability of an undesirable component formation in the resulting mixture of esters.

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