scholarly journals Apart but not Alone? A cross-sectional study of neighbour support in a major UK urban area during the COVID-19 lockdown

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mat Jones ◽  
Amy Beardmore ◽  
Michele Biddle ◽  
Andy Gibson ◽  
Sanda Umar Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Support Groups ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Uk

Background: Evidence from a range of major public health incidents shows that neighbour-based action can have a critical role in emergency response, assistance and recovery. However, there is little research to date on neighbour-based action during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. This article reports on a survey of people engaged in supporting their neighbours in weeks three and four of the UK COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: Members of area-based and community of interest COVID-19 support groups in the Bristol conurbation were invited to complete an online survey. Of 1,255 people who clicked on the survey link, 862 responded; of these, 539 responses were eligible for analysis. Results: Respondents reported providing a wide range of support that went beyond health information, food and medical prescription assistance, to include raising morale through humour, creativity and acts of kindness and solidarity. A substantial proportion felt that they had become more involved in neighbourhood life following the lockdown and had an interest in becoming more involved in future. Neighbour support spanned all adult age groups, including older people categorised as being at-risk to the virus. With respect to most measures, there were no differences in the characteristics of support between respondents in areas of higher and lower deprivation. However, respondents from more deprived areas were more likely to state that they were involved in supporting certain vulnerable groups. Conclusions: As with previous research on major social upheavals, our findings suggest that responses to the viral pandemic and associated social restrictions may increase existing social and health inequalities, and further research should explore this issue in more depth.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on morbidity status among school going adolescents in Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5201
Author(s):  
Sathish Dev D. ◽  
Sugantha Valli M. ◽  
Gnana Sezhian M. ◽  
Suganya E.
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Adolescents represent about 21.8 percent of India’s population. Various health risks with potentially life-threatening consequences become prominent in this age group. This study was undertaken with the objective to determine the morbidity profile of school going adolescents in Tamil Nadu.Methods: This descriptive, cross sectional study was planned and conducted from January 2016 to August 2017. The study population included 987 adolescent boys and girls aged between 10 to 19 years studying in high and higher secondary Government schools of Thiruvallur district of Tamil Nadu. Semi-structured questionnaire was used as data collection tool.Results: The mean age groups of this school going adolescent are 14.2 yrs. In the present study 583 (59%) of the study participants were affected by one or more morbidity condition. Among them, 395 (67.7%) were in the age group 10-14 years and 188 (32.2%) in the age group 15-19 years. 122 (21%) and 461 (79.1%) of male and female were affected respectively. In the present study, fever (21%) was the commonest reported morbidity followed by acute respiratory infection (15.7%) and acute gastrointestinal disease (13. 4%).Conclusions: This study shows that adolescents are prone to a wide range of morbidity conditions. Apart from respiratory and gastro intestinal diseases, reproductive tract infections and sexual health problems are important morbidities affecting this age group. There is strong need to sensitize health care practitioners at all levels, in both government and private sectors towards health problems in adolescent age groups.

scholarly journals Political views of doctors in the UK: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 880-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate L Mandeville ◽  
Rose-Marie Satherley ◽  
Jennifer A Hall ◽  
Shailen Sutaria ◽  
Chris Willott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urgent Care ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundLittle is known about the political views of doctors in the UK despite doctors' importance in the functioning of the National Health Service (NHS).MethodsThis is a survey-based, cross-sectional study in which we asked questions about voting behaviour in 2015 and 2017 UK general elections and 2016 referendum on leaving the European Union (EU) (Brexit), and questions relating to recent health policies.Results1172 doctors (45.1% women) from 1295 responded to an online survey. 60.5% described their political views as ‘left-wing’ and 62.2% described themselves as ‘liberal’. 79.4% of respondents voted to remain in the EU in the 2016 referendum compared with 48.1% of voters as a whole (χ2=819.8, p<0.001). 98.6% of respondents agreed that EU nationals working in the NHS should be able to remain in the UK after Brexit. The median score for the impact of Brexit on the NHS on a scale of 0 (worst impact) to 10 (best impact) was 2 (IQR=1–4). Most respondents agreed with the introduction of minimum alcohol pricing in the UK (73.9%), charging patients who are not eligible for NHS treatment for non-urgent care (70.6%) and protecting a portion of national spending for the NHS (87.1%). 65.8% thought there was too much use of NHS-funded private sector provision in their medical practice. Specialty, income and grade were associated with divergent opinions.ConclusionsUK doctors are left-leaning and liberal in general, which is reflected in their opinions on topical health policy issues. Doctors in the UK voted differently from the general electorate in recent polls.

scholarly journals Survey of the effect of viewing an online e-cigarette advertisement on attitudes towards cigarette and e-cigarette use in adults located in the UK and USA: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e027525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Booth ◽  
Ian P Albery ◽  
Sharon Cox ◽  
Daniel Frings
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Acceptability ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Likert Scales ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Smoking Group ◽  
The Uk

ObjectivesThis study explored the potential for e-cigarette advertisements to (1) enhance attitudes towards cigarettes and/or (2) reduce barriers to e-cigarettes uptake. The study tested whether exposure to an online electronic cigarette advertisement changed attitudes towards cigarettes and e-cigarettes in smokers, non-smokers, e-cigarette users and dual users (smokers who also use e-cigarettes).DesignCross-sectional studySettingOnline surveyParticipantsAdults (n=964) aged 18 to 65 years old (M=36 years, SD=11.6) from the UK and USA. Participants were grouped into current non-smokers, e-cigarette users, dual users and smokers.InterventionsParticipants viewed 1 of 15 randomly assigned online e-cigarette advertisements.Primary measuresThree single seven-point Likert scales measuring health, desirability, social acceptability were completed pre and post advertisement exposure.ResultsPost exposure all smoking groups showed a decrease or no change in how socially acceptable or desirable they rated cigarettes. Paradoxically, dual users rated cigarettes as being significantly healthier after viewing the advertisement (p=0.01) while all other smoking group ratings remained the same. There was an increase or no change in how all smoking groups perceived the healthiness and desirability of e-cigarettesConclusionsWe observed no evidence that exposure to an e-cigarette advertisement renormalises or encourages smoking in smokers, non-smokers or e-cigarette users. However, there is some indication that viewing an e-cigarette advertisement may increase duals users’ perceptions of the health of smoking.

scholarly journals Global Imperative of Suicidal Ideation in 10 Countries Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teris Cheung ◽  
Simon Ching Lam ◽  
Paul Hong Lee ◽  
Yu Tao Xiang ◽  
Paul Siu Fai Yip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Uk

Background: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has had a detrimental impact on individuals' psychological well-being; however, a multi-country comparison on the prevalence of suicidal ideation due to the virus is still lacking.Objectives: To examine the prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation among the general population across 10 countries during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study which used convenience sampling and collected data by conducting an online survey. Participants were sourced from 10 Eastern and Western countries. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to measure the outcome variable of suicidal ideation. Ordinal regression analysis was used to identify significant predictors associated with suicidal ideation.Results: A total of 25,053 participants (22.7% male) were recruited. Results from the analysis showed that the UK and Brazil had the lowest odds of suicidal ideation compared to Macau (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, younger age, male, married, and differences in health beliefs were significantly associated with suicidal ideation (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusions: The findings highlight the need for joint international collaboration to formulate effective suicide prevention strategies in a timely manner and the need to implement online mental health promotion platforms. In doing so, the potential global rising death rates by suicide during the pandemic can be reduced.

scholarly journals Relationship between Quality of Nursing Work Life and Uniformed Nurses’ Attitudes and Practices Related to COVID-19 in the Philippines: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 9953
Author(s):  
Juneffer Villamen Navales ◽  
Amadou Wurry Jallow ◽  
Chien Yu Lai ◽  
Chieh Yu Liu ◽  
Shu Wen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Quality Of Nursing

(1) Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly worldwide. Uniformed nurses have played a critical role during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines; however, uptake of literature is limited. This study assessed the relationship between quality of nursing work life (QNWL) and nurses’ attitudes and practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Participants were recruited from four government hospitals in the Manila metropolitan area of the Philippines. Participants completed three questionnaires in an online survey: a demographic questionnaire, a QNWL questionnaire, and the attitude and practices toward COVID-19 questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, a one-way analysis of variance, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical linear regression were applied for data analysis. (3) Results: The mean age of the participants was 29 years. Most of the participants were single women who were not certified in their specialties. A total of QNWL scores were high, indicating that the participants displayed favorable attitudes and practices in relation to COVID-19. A statistically significant relationship was observed between QNWL, specialty certification, and practices related to COVID-19. Practices related to COVID-19 were a significant predictor of QNWL and one of its subscales, work design. (4) Conclusion: Young adult uniformed nurses in the Philippines have assumed numerous responsibilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Providing these frontline nurses with comprehensive specialized education and training is crucial.

scholarly journals The Daily Mile in practice: implementation and adaptation of the school running programme in a multiethnic city in the UK

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e046655
Author(s):  
Ash Routen ◽  
Maria Gonzalez Aguado ◽  
Sophie O' Connell ◽  
Deirdre Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
School Context ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
East Midlands ◽  
The Uk

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to generate new evidence on how The Daily Mile (TDM), a popular school-based running programme in the UK, is implemented in a diverse and multiethnic city in the UK and also the barriers faced by non-implementer schools.DesignMixed method cross-sectional study (including survey data collection and qualitative interviews).SettingPrimary schools in a multiethnic city in the East Midlands, UK.ParticipantsForty-two schools in Leicester city completed an online survey, and five teaching staff from five schools took part in follow-up semistructured qualitative interviews.ResultsOverall, 40.5% of schools who completed the survey reported having never implemented TDM, and 96.0% of implementer schools reported delivering TDM on three or more days per week. Reported barriers included space limitations and safety issues, timetabling and curriculum pressures, and pupil and teacher attitudes. Facilitators of implementation were teacher engagement and school culture/ethos, communication of the initiative and substantial delivery adaptations.ConclusionsThe findings from this study, based on data from schools in a multiethnic city in the UK, suggest that implementation of TDM is variable, and is influenced by a range of factors related to the school context, as well as the characteristics of TDM itself.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of COVID-19 in Al Qassim Province -Saudi Arabia: A Sociodemographic Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Wafa Ali ◽  
Amal Alqufly ◽  
Ibrahim Aljabr ◽  
Sharafaldeen Bin Nafisah
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Probable Case ◽  
Sociodemographic Risk ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND: The resurgence of COVID-19 cases in Saudi Arabia, despite ongoing control measures, warrants further analysis. AIM: We aimed to investigate the prevalence and sociodemographic risk factors of COVID-19 in Al Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia. We explored perceptions toward vaccination, social isolation and community adherence to social distancing measures. METHODS: We collected data reported by the Weqaya, Saudi Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, and conducted a cross-sectional study within the province. RESULTS: Up to 9 May 2021, 15 497 positive cases were detected, comprising a prevalence of 1.46%. Uyun Al-Jiwa and Riyadh Al-Khabra had the highest infection rate. Our sample of 511 participants revealed an exposure rate of 52.1% (n=266) with no specific sociodemographic risk factor. Self-isolation following exposure to a confirmed or probable case occurred less among older age groups and married participants, and was not influenced by the presence of underlying chronic diseases. The majority of participants perceived community compliance with social distancing measures to fall within the ‘sometimes’ category. Finally, the vaccination acceptance rate was 72.6% (n=371). CONCLUSION: The findings of the current study emphasise the need to adopt further measures to encourage adherence to social distancing and self-isolation, especially among vulnerable groups.

scholarly journals Interpersonal Violence during the COVID-19 Lockdown Period in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (230) ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin Ghimire ◽  
Sajan Acharya ◽  
Carmina Shrestha ◽  
Prabhat KC ◽  
Swarndeep Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

Introduction: The government issued a country-wide lockdown in Nepal as a measure to curb the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. This has resulted in various difficult experiences which includes financial loss, separation from loved ones, grief, uncertainty over disease status and loss of freedom. During these stressful situations, interpersonal violence is likely to be aggravated. To avoid the occurrence of adverse events such as impulsive acts, homicide, or suicide, it is important to identify high-risk individuals. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional, questionnaire-based, online survey by convenience sampling. The prevalence of different types of interpersonal violence with socio-demographic factors, substance use, and overall mental wellbeing was assessed by using descriptive statistical tests. Results: Out of total 556 participants included in the analysis, 50.9% (283) were male and 48.7% (271) were female. There were 100 (18.0%) participants who reported being a victim of interpersonal violence and 101 (18.2%) participants who reported being a perpetrator during the lockdown. The victims of violence were more likely to be living with their spouse alone. The victims and perpetrators were also more likely to have increased alcohol and tobacco use. More number of victims and perpetrators had lower mental wellbeing scores on the WHO wellbeing index. Conclusions: There was prevalence of interpersonal violence during the COVID-19 lockdown. In addition to the fear regarding pandemic, victims have to face domestic violence placing them at a double injustice. Identification of vulnerable groups and proper management of survivors must be prioritized given the unanimous consensus on the rise of interpersonal violence during periods of heightened stress.

scholarly journals Depression and anxiety during 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamad S Alyami ◽  
Abdallah Y Naser ◽  
Eman Zmaily Dahmash ◽  
Mohammed H Alyami ◽  
Osama T Al Meanazel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Wide Range

Background: COVID 19 outbreak in 2020 was associated with a high rate of depression and anxiety among individuals in the affected countries. The aim of this study is to explore the influence of the COVID 19 epidemic on the psychological distress of residents of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross sectional study using an online survey was conducted in Saudi Arabia between 27th of March and 27th of April 2020. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ 9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD 7) were used to assess depression and anxiety. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of depression and anxiety. Results: The prevalence of depression and anxiety among the entire study participants was 9.4% and 7.3%, respectively. Non-Saudi residents, aged 50 years and above, divorced, retired, university students, and those with income (2000 to 10,000 RS) were at higher risk of developing depression. Saudi individuals, married, unemployed, and those with high income (> 10,000 RS) were at higher risk of developing anxiety. Conclusions: There is a wide range of the Saudi residents who are at higher risk of mental illness during COVID 19 pandemic. Policymakers and mental healthcare providers are advised to provide continuous monitoring of the psychological consequences during this pandemic, and provide mental support.

scholarly journals Well-being during COVID-19 pandemic: A comparison of individuals with minoritized sexual and gender identities and cis-heterosexual individuals

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252356
Author(s):  
Pichit Buspavanich ◽  
Sonia Lech ◽  
Eva Lermer ◽  
Mirjam Fischer ◽  
Maximilian Berger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Support Groups ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
And Gender

Background Preliminary empirical data indicates a substantial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on well-being and mental health. Individuals with minoritized sexual and gender identities are at a higher risk of experiencing such negative changes in their well-being. The objective of this study was to compare levels of well-being among cis-heterosexual individuals and individuals with minoritized sexual and gender identities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Using data obtained in a cross-sectional online survey between April 20 to July 20, 2020 (N = 2332), we compared levels of well-being (WHO-5) across subgroups (cis-individuals with minoritized sexual identities, individuals with minoritized gender identities and cis-heterosexual individuals) applying univariate (two-sample t-test) and multivariate analysis (multivariate linear regression). Results Results indicate overall lower levels of well-being as well as lower levels of well-being in minoritized sexual or gender identities compared to cis-heterosexual individuals. Further, multivariate analyses revealed that living in urban communities as well as being in a relationship were positively associated with higher levels of well-being. Furthermore, a moderation analysis showed that being in a relationship reduces the difference between groups in terms of well-being. Conclusion Access to mental healthcare for individuals with minoritized sexual and gender identities as well as access to gender-affirming resources should be strengthened during COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare services with low barriers of access such as telehealth and online peer support groups should be made available, especially for vulnerable groups.

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