scholarly journals ERROR ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY SIX PUPILS IN WORD PROBLEMS INVOLVING FRACTIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Aliyu Alhaji Zakariyya ◽  
Adamu Barwa Beji ◽  
Unogwu Itodo
Keyword(s):  
Error Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Word Problems ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Mathematical Word Problems ◽  
Primary School Pupils

The purpose of this study was to analyze the errors made by primary school pupils in solving mathematical word problems in fraction using Newman’s Error Analysis procedure. The study used a qualitative research design and collected data using a diagnostic test and interview. The population of the study was primary six pupils in both public and private schools in Minna metropolis of Niger State, Nigeria. The samples were 105 primary six (6) pupils, 61 males and 44 females. The instruments used in the study are (a) a set of paper and pencil test consisting of 12 theory questions on fractions and (b) structured interview based on Newman’s theorem. The diagnostic test was administered to the pupils. Structured interview adopted from Rohmah and Sutiarso was also used to identify at which level students’ errors occur. The type of error was based on Newman Error Hierarchy Model that includes reading, comprehension, transformation, process skill, and encoding error. The data were analysed using inferential statistics of Chi-square (

scholarly journals ANALISIS KESALAHAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA MATEMATIKA BERDASARKAN LANGKAH PENYELESAIAN POLYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Nur Rofi'ah ◽  
Hidayah Ansori ◽  
Siti Mawaddah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Error Analysis ◽  
Word Problems ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Mathematical Word Problems

Soal cerita matematika seringkali dianggap sulit oleh para siswa, sehingga seringkali terdapat banyak kesalahan yang dibuat oleh siswa dalam menjawab soal cerita matematika. Tujuan dari penetian ini adalah menganalisis jenis kesalahan yang dibuat oleh siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika berdasarkan langkah penyelesaian Polya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri Se-Kecamatan Banjarmasin Tengah merupakan Populasi dari penelitian ini. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling sehingga diambil sampel dari lima sekolah dengan jumlah 422 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data memakai tes soal uraian serta dianalisis berdasarkan langkah penyelesaian Polya. Data dianalisis menggu­nakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Banjarmasin Tengah dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita materi Aritmatika Sosial berdasarkan langkah penyelesaian Polya yaitu kesalahan memahami masalah termasuk ke dalam kesalahan dengan kategori kecil. Sedangkan, kesalahan menyu­sun rencana, kesalahan menyelesaikan perencanaan, dan kesalahan memeriksa kembali termasuk ke dalam kesalahan dengan kategori cukup tinggi.Kata kunci: analisis kesalahan, soal cerita matematika,langkah penyelesaian Polya.Abstract: Mathematical word problems are often considered difficult by students, so there are many mistakes made by students in answering mathematical word problems. The research aim is to analyze the types of errors made by students in solving mathematical word problems based on Polya's completion steps. This research uses descriptive research method with quantitative approach. VII grade students of SMP Negeri in Central Banjarmasin District are the population of this study. Simple random sampling technique was used in the research so that five schools with a total 422 students had been choosen. Data collection techniques used test (essay questions) and it was analyzed based on Polya's completion steps. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that there were four types of errors made by VII grade students of SMP Negeri in Central Banjarmasin District in solving mathematical word problems about Social Arithmetic based on Polya's completion steps, namely error in understanding problems included in errors with small categories. Meanwhile, error in planning, error in completing plans, and error in re-checking are included in the errors with a fairly high category. Keywords: error analysis, mathematical word problems, Polya's completion steps

scholarly journals Analisis Kesalahan Newman (Newman Error Analysis-Nea): Perbandingan Ketelitian Antara Siswa Yang Menghafal Dan Tidak Menghafal Alqur’an

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Mukminah Mukminah ◽  
Riana Riana
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Error Analysis ◽  
Word Problem ◽  
Word Problems ◽  
Process Skills ◽  
Reading Error ◽  
Numeracy Skills ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mathematical Word Problems

Newman (1977) form Australia was defined five specific literacy and numeracy skills as crucial to performance on mathematical word problems: (1) reading error, (2) comprehension error, (3) transformation error, (4) process skills error, and (5) encoding error. The purpose of this study is to comparison Newman Error Analysis (NEA) between students are memorize and not memorize Al-Quran in solving word problem. This research is a qualitative research, and the subject of this research is students in grade 11th of MA in central lombok, with respectively six school in sub-district.. The result of this research is there are differences Newman’s Error Analysis (NEA) Between Students Are Memorize and Not Memorize Al-Quran in Solving Math Word Problems.

scholarly journals Australian Mathematics Literacy Perspectives: Assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-82
Author(s):  
Allan Leslie White
Keyword(s):  
Word Problems ◽  
International Student ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Mathematical Literacy ◽  
International Student Assessment ◽  
Effective Teaching Strategies ◽  
Mathematical Word Problems ◽  
Literacy Perspectives

This is a companion paper and should be read with the earlier one (White, 2017) that focused mainly on Australian governmental policies. In this paper, a more classroom and student focus will be adopted while summarising a few of the salient points of the first paper. A brief listing of five different types of mathematical literacy is provided. The definition used by the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is selected andsome brief remarks are provided on this program. PISA items are presented in the form of word problems. If a country such as Australia or Indonesia wants to improve their PISA results then it would demand that some class time is devoted to the development of the abilities of younger students to handle word problems before they turn fifteen and are subjected to PISA. To support classroom teachers, Newman (1977, 1983) defined five specific mathematical literacy levels as crucial to performance on mathematical wordproblems: reading, comprehension, transformation, process skills, and encoding. Newman's Error Analysis (NEA) provides a framework for considering the reasons that underlay the difficulties students experience with mathematical word problems and a process that assists teachers to determine where misunderstandings occur. NEA also provides directions for where teachers could target effective teaching strategies to overcome them. There is a brief discussion of strategies to assist students improve theirmathematical literacy.

The Role of Interpersonal Communication in Students’ Self-control to Avoid Substance Abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Ade Tuti Turistiati ◽  
Baby Poernomo
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Self Control ◽  
School Students ◽  
Qualitative Research Design

This study aims at answering the questions what causes many junior high school students fall into drug abuse, and what kind of treatment  must be done so that students have self-control and are not subject to drug abuse. This study employed a phenomenological approach of a qualitative research design.  In this study a semi-structured interview is used to understand how participants experienced the phenomenon. The research revealed that the interpersonal communication has a major role in students' self-control so as not to fall into drug abuse. This study contributes significantly to educational field particularly teachers in secondary schools so that it can be used as a reference to provide counseling to parents about the importance of interpersonal communication to build students’ self-control to prevent teens from falling into drug abuse.

scholarly journals Twelve Years of the Italian Program to Enhance Relational and Communication Skills (PERCS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Lidia Borghi ◽  
Elaine C. Meyer ◽  
Elena Vegni ◽  
Roberta Oteri ◽  
Paolo Almagioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Learner Centered ◽  
Difficult Conversations ◽  
Booster Sessions ◽  
Before And After

To describe the experience of the Italian Program to Enhance Relations and Communication Skills (PERCS-Italy) for difficult healthcare conversations. PERCS-Italy has been offered in two different hospitals in Milan since 2008. Each workshop lasts 5 h, enrolls 10–15 interdisciplinary participants, and is organized around simulations and debriefing of two difficult conversations. Before and after the workshops, participants rate their preparation, communication, relational skills, confidence, and anxiety on 5-point Likert scales. Usefulness, quality, and recommendation of the program are also assessed. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, repeated-measures ANOVA, and Chi-square were performed. A total of 72 workshops have been offered, involving 830 interdisciplinary participants. Participants reported improvements in all the dimensions (p < 0.001) without differences across the two hospitals. Nurses and other professionals reported a greater improvement in preparation, communication skills, and confidence, compared to physicians and psychosocial professionals. Usefulness, quality, and recommendation of PERCS programs were highly rated, without differences by discipline. PERCS-Italy proved to be adaptable to different hospital settings, public and private. After the workshops, clinicians reported improvements in self-reported competencies when facing difficult conversations. PERCS-Italy’s sustainability is based on the flexible format combined with a solid learner-centered approach. Future directions include implementation of booster sessions to maintain learning and the assessment of behavioral changes.

Perspectives of community members on homeless people with mental illness in Nsawam, Ghana

2020 ◽  
pp. 002076402098419
Author(s):  
Kwamina Abekah-Carter ◽  
George Ofosu Oti
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Homeless Persons ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Audio Data ◽  
Good Food

Background: Homelessness among people with mental illness has grown to become a common phenomenon in many developed and developing countries. Just like in any other country, the living conditions of homeless people with mental illness in Ghana are unwholesome. Despite the increased population of these vulnerable individuals on the streets, not much is known about the perspectives of the general public towards this phenomenon in Ghana. Aim: This research was conducted to explore the perspectives of community members on homeless people with mental illness. The main study objectives were (a) to find out the impacts of the presence of persons with mental illness on the streets and (b) to ascertain the reasons accounting for homelessness among persons with mental illness. Method: Utilizing a qualitative research design, twenty community members were sampled from selected suburbs in Nsawam and interviewed with the use of a semi-structured interview guide. The audio data gathered from the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results: Majority of the participants asserted that homeless people with mental illness had no access to good food, shelter, and health care. They further stated that some homeless people with mental illness perpetrated physical and sexual violence against the residents. Moreover, the participants believed that persons with mental illness remained on the streets due to neglect by their family members, and limited access to psychiatric services. Conclusion: This paper concludes by recommending to government to make mental health services accessible and affordable to homeless persons with mental illness nationwide.

scholarly journals Relationship between oral habits and spirometry maneuvers, in children

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Rafaela Coelho Minsky ◽  
Tayná Castilho ◽  
Roseane Rebelo Silva Meira ◽  
Tatiana Godoy Bobbio ◽  
Camila Isabel Santos Schivinski
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Children ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Oral Habits ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Thumb Sucking ◽  
Smirnov Test

ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze whether deleterious oral habits can influence the number of attempts of forced spirometry maneuvers performed by healthy children. Methods: this observational and cross-sectional analytical study included 149 healthy children aged 6-12 years attending public and private schools in Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. A validated protocol was applied for the analysis of deleterious oral habits. The children were grouped according to the number of spirometry maneuvers needed to achieve successful spirometry results, as follows: G1) children who needed 3 maneuvers; G2) 4 maneuvers; G3) 5-8 maneuvers. Data were analyzed with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to compare quantitative variables between the groups. The Chi-square test was used to assess the association between the groups and qualitative variables. Results: there was no association between the number of attempts and the qualitative variables evaluated by the protocol. There was also no difference between the groups regarding quantitative variables for breastfeeding time, breastfeeding occurrence, use of pacifiers, and thumb sucking. Conclusion: the presence of DOH did not influence the number of forced spirometry maneuvers, performed by the healthy children in this study.

Barriers and Supports in Empowering Parents Care for Children with Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Dina Rasmita
Keyword(s):  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Parent Empowerment ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Parental Characteristics ◽  
Depth Interview

Cancer that occurs in children does not only affect children, but also parents. Parents experience anxiety, stress, fear of losing their children, and helplessness in caring for their children, so that parents are less than optimal in caring for their children. Parent empowerment can increase parents' knowledge, confidence, and ability to care for their children. Previous research found several obstacles to parent empowerment carried out by nurses so that parent empowerment was not optimal in its implementation. Knowing barriers and supports in implementation of parent empowerment in caring for children with cancer can support implementation of parent empowerment to be more optimal. The purpose of this study was to explore barriers and supports in parent empowerment in caring for children with cancer based on the nurse's perception. The design of this study was qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach. The data was collected by in-depth interview method using semi-structured interview guidelines on six nurses who were selected by purposive sampling technique. The data analysis was carried out by thematic analysis with the analysis stage according to Colaizzi. The results of this study were resulted in four themes, namely parental attitudes, parental characteristics, attitudes of nurses, availability of nurses and facilities. This study concluded that implementation of empowering parents to care for children with cancer became more optimal by knowing the barrier and supports in empowering parents care for children with cancer and nurses could make more effective planning in caring for children with cancer.

scholarly journals Contamination and current practice in decontamination pof nebulisers in ventilated patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ellis ◽  
H. Van Aswegen ◽  
R. Ross ◽  
P. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ventilator Circuit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Sterile Drape ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Public And Private Sector

To examine the incidence of contamination and current practice of decontamination of nebulisers after use within a ventilator circuit, in public- and private sector intensive care units (ICUs) in Johannesburg; to assess the presence of and adherence to a decontamination protocol in these ICUs and to identify which practices were associated with lower or no bacterial growth. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used which included a semi-structured interview with the ICU manager and an audit of current nebuliser practice. Nebulisers that were identified in the interview were swabbed and streaked on blood agar plates (BAPs). BAPs were incubated and assessed for bacterial colonisation, number of colony forming units (CFUs) and number of different species of CFUs present. Results: Two hundred and sixty-nine ICU beds were surveyed over a two-month period resulting in 45 nebulisers used within a ventilator circuit that could be tested. The majority (93%) were single-use jet nebulisers, all were being re-used and 52% presented with contamination. None of the ICUs had a nebuliser decontamination protocol in place. Contaminated nebulisers that were stored in a sterile drape had significantly higher concentrations of bacterial growth (p=0.03). Conclusion: The rate of colonisation of re-used jet nebulisers is high. Nebuliser decontamination protocols are urgently needed.

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