TECHNOLOGY OF PRODUCTION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE PLANT COMPLEX: DETERMINATION OF REGULATED PARAMETERS, FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Technology Of Production

The technology of production of a biologically active phytocomplex in the form of a biologically active additive has been discussed. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the formulation, which forms the functional properties of a specialized product, has scientifically been determined. The main stages of production include the preparation and input control of the raw material, the preparation of a mixture for encapsulation, including the steps of dispensing, sieving, grinding and mixing at a rate of 100 kg / 1 h, encapsulation and deducting, packaging, packaging and storage. A description of the technology of ex-traction of plant raw materials has been given, which is of great importance in the formation of consumer properties of the product being developed. The extraction process includes: obtaining liquid recovery us-ing demineralized water with dissolved in it sodium bicarbonate in an amount of 8% of the dry feed con-tent. The extractant-raw ratio is 1:13, the extraction time is 4 hours for each time; thickening of the liquid extract. It is carried out by means of vacuum in a vacuum evaporator plant before obtaining an extract with a solids content of not less than 20%; obtaining a dry extract. It is carried out by spray drying at a temperature of 90-95 ° C. The advantage of the developed technology of dietary supplements is the possi-bility of combining several differently directed biologically active substances in one capsule. The gelati-nous membrane reliably protects the contents from various environmental factors. Functional properties of the formulation formula of a specialized product are aimed at the prevention and comprehensive treatment of infectious viral diseases, confirmed by the conclusion of experts from the Russian Federal Service for Consumer Rights and Consumer Protection and the results of clinical trials in a group of pa-tients with acute respiratory viral infections. The developed product has been approved and produced at the enterprises of the company «Art Life».

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTENT OF POLYPHENOLS IN BIOTECHNOLOGICAL RAW MATERIAL IRIS SIBIRICA L. STAR VARIETY IN COMPARISON WITH INTACT PLANTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Alekseevna Antipova ◽  
Lyudmila Evdokimovna Kudrikova ◽  
Lyudmila Ivanovn Tikhomirova ◽  
Natalya Grigoryevna Bazarnova ◽  
Marina Yurievna Cheprasova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Intact Plants ◽  
Growing Conditions

Cultivation of plant raw materials in artificial conditions will inevitably lead to a change in the qualitative and quantitative composition of secondary metabolites in comparison with the composition of plants obtained in soil conditions. The study of the metabolic profile of such plants is very important on the one hand for our understanding of temporal (ontogenetic) and spatial changes in the metabolome of plants, on the other hand in the applied plan to obtain an alternative quality medicinal plant raw materials. In this regard, the aim of this study was to study the content of phenolic compounds in biotechnological raw materials Iris sibirica Grade Стерх in comparison with intact plants. As objects of study used plants propagated mikrokanale (regenerants), which were further grown under conditions of hydroponics (hydroponic). Intact plants were harvested in the field at the age of six years. As a result of research in raw materials Iris sibirica Grade Стерх, grown under different conditions, were found following a group of biologically active compound (БАС), corresponding to the genus Iris L.: fenilpropionovoy acid (Komarova and ferulic acid and their derivatives), flavonoids (glycosides of apigenin, apigenin-7-O-glycoside), isoflavones, and phenolic acids (vanillic acid), neytralizuya flavonoids-glycosides (glycosides of kaempferol and apigenin), stilbene. The qualitative composition of biologically active compounds of Iris sibirica Стерх depended on the growing conditions, while the biotechnological raw materials (hydroponic plants) are the closest to intact plants in terms of the content of biologically active compounds.  This allows us to consider the biotechnology of obtaining the raw material Iris sibirica L. based on hydroponic cultivation coupled with the micropropagation in an alternative way.

scholarly journals Comparative GC-MS analysis of the composition of metabolites of aboveground and underground parts of Comarum palustre L

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
J. Strugar ◽  
A. A. Orlova ◽  
M. N. Povydysh
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Comarum Palustre ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Understanding the mechanisms of accumulation of individual groups of biologically active substances in promising types of plant raw materials and the possibility of predicting them is important for solving fundamental and applied problems of pharmaceuticals. To date, differences have been revealed in the qualitative and quantitative composition of secondary metabolites in the aboveground and underground of Comarum palustre L., however, the issue remains unstudied.Aim. Comparative metabolomic study of the composition of the primary metabolites of the aboveground and underground parts of Comarum palustre L.Materials and methods. The object of the study was the aboveground and underground parts of Comarum palustre L., harvested in the vicinity of the nursery of medicinal plants of the St. Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University (Leningrad Region, Vsevolozhsky District, Priozerskoe Highway, 38 km) in 2019 and dried. Metabolomic studies based on GC-MS method was perfomed. A statistical analysis based on the MetaboAnalyst 5.0 platform was used.Results and discussion. Analysis of the chromatograms obtained using the GC-MS method revealed the content of 933 primary metabolites in the aboveground and underground parts of Comarum palustre L., 120 of which were identified. Using a number of statistical methods, 10 metabolites from monosaccharides, acids and alcohols, making the greatest contribution to the manifestation of differences between the studied samples, were identified.Conclusion. The study revealed the relationship between the composition of primary and secondary metabolites in medicinal plant raw materials.

scholarly journals QUALITY AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF FREEZED SEA BUCKTHORN POWDER

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
O. M. Burmistrova ◽  
E. A. Burmistrov ◽  
N. L. Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Unique Trace

The use of phytopowders as food additives allows you to create highly nutritious mixtures with a pronounced taste and aroma of fresh fruits and berries. Fruit and berry powders are already used in the production of jelly, fruit drinks, drinks, juices and sauces based on domestic plant raw materials with a high proportion of biologically active substances. The most important phytonutrients of sea buckthorn fruits (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) are carotenoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, sugars, organic and amino acids, tannins and pectin substances, phospholipids, macro- and microelements. The aim of the research was to study the quality and nutritional value of freezedried sea buckthorn powder. Sublimated sea buckthorn was the object of study (TU 10.39.25-007-0111115841-2018) manufactured by IP A.N. Mazurina (Russia, Kaluga region, Borovsky district, Borovsk). The quality of packaging and labeling, as well as organoleptic characteristics, nutritional value and mineral composition of raw materials have been studied. It was determined that the marking of sublimated sea buckthorn does not comply with the regulated requirements of GOST R 51074-2003 and TR CU 022/2011. Organoleptic characteristics of phytopowder are identified as characteristic of this type of raw material. The actual protein and fat content of the test material does not correspond to the levels stated by the manufacturer. The studied raw materials are distinguished by a variety of chemical composition, namely, the content of protein, carotenoids, vitamins E and A, lipids, dietary fiber, unique trace elements – Al, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Ni, Ti, Zn.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the elemental composition in raw materials of plants of genus Geum L.

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
С. А. Козира ◽  
Т. М. Гонтова ◽  
С. І. Степанова ◽  
В. П. Гапоненко ◽  
В. В. Машталер ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Microelement Composition

Among the relevant for the modern pharmacy problems, there is a need for the rational complex use of known medicinal plants, as well as the search for new sources of natural biologically active compounds in order to expand the list of official medicinal plants and raw material base. Species of genus Geum L. contain a number of biological active substances and are promising sources of raw materials for the production of antimicrobial, astringent, anti-inflammatory, and hemostatic medicines. Pharmacological activity of these plants results from their multi-component chemical composition, including tannins, flavonoids, macro- and microelements and other compounds. The aim of thе study was to compare the elemental composition of herb and rhizomes with roots of G. urbanum L., G. aleppicum Jacq. and G. rivale L. of Ukrainian flora. The objects of the study were the samples of herb and rhizome with roots of G. urbanum L., G. aleppicum Jacq. and G. rivale L. (dried raw materials) which were collected in the Kharkiv region, Ruski Tishki village, in June-August 2018–2019. The determination of the qualitative composition and quantitative content of elements was carried out by atomic absorption spectroscopy with atomization in an air-acetylene flame using a spectrometer CAS 120 («Selmi», Sumy, Ukraine). In the studied samples, 19 elements were determined, including 5 macroelements and 14 microelements. The data about accumulation of elements in investigated herb of G. urbanum L., G. aleppicum Jacq., G. rivale L. can be arranged in descending order as follows: K > Ca > Si > Mg > P > Fe > Al > Na > Sr > Zn, and in rhizomes with roots as follows – K > Si > Ca > Mg > Fe > P > Al > Na > Sr > Zn. The content of toxic elements such as cobalt, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury was within the permissible limits for plant raw materials and food. For the first time, a comparative study of the macro- and microelement composition in herb and rhizomes with roots of G. urbanum L., G. aleppicum Jacq. and G. rivale L. has been carried out. Using the method of atomic absorption spectral analysis, 19 elements have been identified and their content has been determined, among which К, Ca, Mg, Si, P, Fe, Al, Na, Mn, Zn predominantly accumulate.

A new method for the production of compote from grapes in self-exgaustible glass jars 1-82-500

2022 ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Магомед Эминович Ахмедов ◽  
Мафият Магомедовна Рахманова ◽  
Амият Фейзудиновна Демирова
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Products ◽  
New Method ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Thermal Sterilization ◽  
Technology Of Production

Проблема повышения пищевой ценности консервируемых пищевых продуктов в герметически укупоренной таре может быть успешно решена на основе интенсификации процесса тепловой стерилизации. В работе представлены результаты исследований по совершенствованию технологии производства консервированного компота из винограда с использованием самоэксгаустируемой тары и интенсификации процесса тепловой стерилизации, являющейся наиболее широко используемым методом консервирования пищевых продуктов, совершенство которой во многом определяет пищевую ценность готового продукта. Известно, что продолжительность и температурный уровень стерилизационного процесса существенно могут изменить качественный и количественный состав витаминов, белков, углеводов, минеральных и органических кислот и других веществ, что зачастую приводит к снижению пищевой ценности продукта. На основе оценки традиционного стерилизационного режима разработаны и предложены новый способ и режимы стерилизации, которые обеспечивают сокращение продолжительности тепловой обработки более чем на 30 % и повышение пищевой ценности готовой продукции. Установлено, что предварительное повышение температуры продукта и использование самоэксгаустируемых стеклобанок обеспечивают сохранение витамина С в готовом продукте на 0,8 мг/% выше, чем по традиционной технологии. Полученные результаты представляют интерес для реализации на предприятиях по переработке растительного сырья. The problem of increasing the nutritional value of canned food products in hermetically sealed containers can be successfully solved by intensifying the process of thermal sterilization. The paper presents the results of research on improving the technology of production of canned compote from grapes using self-exgaustible containers and intensifying the process of thermal sterilization, which is the most widely used method of preserving food products and the perfection of which largely determines the nutritional value of the finished product. It is known that the duration and temperature level of the sterilization process can significantly change the qualitative and quantitative composition of vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates, mineral and organic acids and other substances, which often leads to a decrease in the nutritional value of the product. Based on the assessment of the traditional sterilization regime, a new method and modes of sterilization have been developed and proposed, which provide a reduction in the duration of heat treatment by more than 30 % and an increase in the nutritional value of the finished product. It was found that the use of a preliminary increase in the temperature of the product and the use of self-exgaustible glass jars ensures the preservation of vitamin C in the finished product by 0.8 mg/% higher than by traditional technology. The results obtained are of interest for implementation at plants processing plant raw materials.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMAL EXTRACTION CONDITIONS OF DANDELION HERB AND LARGE BURDOCK LEAF SPECIE BY METHODS OF MATHEMATICAL PLANNING OF A MULTIFACTORIAL EXPERIMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Chistova
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Mathematical Planning ◽  
Steep Ascent ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Multifactorial Experiment

Introduction. Use of medicinal species at home entails some inconvenience. Therefore, it is topical to obtain phytopreparations, in particular dry extracts, from medicinal plant raw materials. This ensures the maximum yield of a complex of biologically active substances, and simplifies the way of its application, dosing and storage. The department of pharmacy of the Altai State Medical University has developed a specie of the following composition: dandelion medicinal herb and large burdock leaf (1:1). On the basis of this species, a technology for obtaining the dry extract is being developed. Variety factors influence on the output of a complex of biologically active substances from plant raw materials: the technological properties of raw materials, the methods and conditions for carrying out the extraction process, and the equipment used. Aim. To determine the optimal conditions for extracting a specie of dandelion herb and a large burdock leaf. Materials and methods. To solve this problem, methods of mathematical planning of a multifactorial experiment have been used: simplex method of mathematical planning, incomplete factorial experiment of type 25-2 for compiling the equation of the response surface, the method of steep ascent (the Box – Wilson method) along the response surface. Based on the theoretical basis of extraction, parameters and factors of process optimization were chosen, intervals of their variation are indicated. Variable factors – shredding, the ratio of «raw materials : extractant», time of maceration, temperature and the number of maceration. The extraction was carried out by remaceration, aqua purificata serves as extractant. The parameter of optimization was the exhaustion of the specie of extractive substances. Results and discussion. As a result of the simplex method, a number of studies were carried out until the area of the supposed optimum was reached. To describe the experiment in the region of the optimum and to compose the equation of the response surface, an incomplete factor experiment of the type 25-2 were put. A linear equation of the extraction process were obtained and the adequacy of the work of the obtained mathematical model is proved. To refine the extraction conditions and establish the optimal extraction regime, the method of steep ascent on the response surface was used. Conclusion. As a result of the experiment, optimal extraction conditions were established: crushing – 2 mm, ratio «raw material : extractant» – 1:10, time of maceration – 30 minutes, number of maceration – 3, temperature – 100 °С. These results will be used in the development of technology and the technological scheme for obtaining the dry extract of the specie.

scholarly journals Modern research on the extraction of biologically active substances from plant raw materials using enzymes

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
A. A. Fabritskaya ◽  
S. O. Semenikhin ◽  
V. O. Gorodetsky ◽  
N. I. Kotlyarevskaya ◽  
E. P. Victorova
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Treatment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Treat Ment ◽  
Active Substances

The article overviews modern studies of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of extraction of biologically active substances from plant materials using enzymes. Extraction of biologically active substances using enzymes allows for controlled biotransformation of plant materials due to the precise specificity and selectivity of enzymes, which creates mild conditions that ensure the preservation of biologically active substances. It has been noted that the quality of the extractant used has a significant effect on the efficiency of the extraction process. Thus, raw materials treated with a combination of an electrolyte and an enzyme are extracted more efficiently by reducing the mass transfer barrier. The main advantage of using supercritical fluids as an extractant is a decrease in temperature or pressure that leads to the precipitation of the extractable substance. One of the main disadvantages of the process of extracting biologically active substances from plant materials using enzymes is their high cost. To eliminate this disadvantage, the following intensification methods are used: ultrasonic treatment, high pressure treatment and microwave treat- ment. The most promising methods for intensifying the process of extracting biologically active substances from plant materials using enzymes are methods of ultrasonic and microwave treatment. Ultrasonic treatment under optimal conditions allows increasing the activity of enzymes, and microwave treatment provides more efficient penetration of the extractant into the tissues of plant material, due to the destruction of cell walls.

STUDY OF MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ALDER LEAVES OF PHARMACOPOEIAL SPECIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Nesterov G.V. ◽  
Litvinova T.M. ◽  
Vasalatiy L.A.
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Promising Area

To expand the raw material base of medicinal plant raw materials, a promising area of research is the study of additional types of raw materials that can be harvested from already used medicinal and food plants. Given the complexity of harvesting alder seeds, researchers are interested in the leaves of this plant, a wide range of biologically active substances that cause anti-inflammatory, astringent and antioxidant effects. The first stage of standardization of raw materials is the definition of morphologically significant features, based on the generalization of which the section "External features" is developed. The analysis of morphological features of freshly harvested, dried and frozen leaves of gray alder (Alnus incana Moench) and black alder (A. glutinosa Gaerth) harvested from wild plants in mixed forests of the Moscow region revealed diagnostically significant features and found that the method of conservation does not affect the occurrence of the identified features. Since it is planned to use both types of alder for the preparation of a new type of raw material "Alder leaves", a generalized formulation is proposed for raw materials that are a mixture of species.

scholarly journals Investigation of Walnut Herbal Drug Raw Material

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
N. V. Chebyshev ◽  
A. V. Strelyaeva ◽  
D. I. Lezhava ◽  
A. N. Luferov ◽  
N. V. Bobkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Alcohol Extract ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances

Introduction. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a medicinal plant containing a large number of biologically active substances. A number of authors propose to use walnut leaves as medicinal raw materials, in which juglone, flavonoids, tannins, ascorbic acid and other substances are identified. Currently, a standardization technique for this type of raw material has been developed and proposed. However, the medicinal plant walnut can be a source of other types of raw materials, such as milky-waxed walnuts, walnut bark, and walnut partitions. These types of medicinal raw materials contain a large number of biologically active substances and have a great potential for pharmacological activity. Therefore, the study with the subsequent standardization of medicinal plant material of walnut fruits in the stage of milk-wax ripeness and walnut bark is relevant.Aim. The aim of the study is to study the external signs, microscopy of raw walnut bark and walnut fruit in the stage of milky-wax ripeness and chemical composition of alcohol extract from these types of raw materials.Materials and methods. Chromato-mass spectrometry and TLC were used in the work.Results and discussion. When describing external signs and microscopy, diagnostic signs of both whole and crushed raw materials, and powder of walnut bark, and fruits of walnut in the stage of milky-wax ripeness were revealed. Alcohol extract obtained from medicinal plant raw materials walnut bark is a clear brown liquid. Alcohol extract obtained from medicinal plant raw materials of walnut fruit at the stage of milky-wax ripeness is a transparent, green-brown liquid with a fragrant odor.Conclusion. Gallic acid was identified by TLC in walnut bark. Chromato-mass spectrometry in alcohol extraction from the fruit of walnut in the stage of milky-wax maturity was able to identify 17 compounds belonging to different classes of biologically active substances. Sugars, flavonoids, coumarin phenolic compounds, organic acids were identified. In alcoholic extraction from the bark of a walnut, marker compounds have been determined, the combination of which makes it possible to quickly identify this type of raw material using chromatography-mass spectrometry. 

scholarly journals Modeling the extraction process of medicinal raw materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
I.А. Khabarov ◽  
◽  
V.V. Zhurov ◽  
А.N. Zhabayeva ◽  
S.М. Adekenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Target Component ◽  
Extraction Processes

The review considers 26 mathematical models of the process of biologically active substances extraction from medicinal plant raw materials, taking into account factors affecting the extraction process: diffusion coefficient, particle size, layer porosity, extractant feed rate, raw material grinding method, pressure, temperature and duration of extraction, individual characteristics of raw materials (content of the target component) and technological equipment. In general, these models fall into four important groups: empirical models, models based on heat transfer analogies, a shrinking core model, and models based on differential mass bal-ance. Here were described problems that occur in the selection of mathematical models, first of all, associated with the imperfect behavior of the flows of extraction liquids, and the inhomogeneous cross-section of the extraction apparatus. It was shown that first of all the extraction process modeling requires mathematical models to describe the mass transfer inside solid particles. It is also important to take into account the solubility of the target substances when simulating. It is shown that for describing the extraction processes, the optimal models are Naik and Lentz, Esquivel, diffusion, H. Sovová mass transfer, damaged and undamaged cells for calculating the main factors of extraction processes.

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