scholarly journals Using Eye-tracking technique to design innovative learning material in Medical Education: Autonomic Pharmacology as an example

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Alshagga ◽  
Audrey Yan Li Lim ◽  
Hamzeh Kateb Nejad ◽  
Abdolkodose Alkebsi ◽  
Azli Shahril Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Knowledge Retrieval ◽  
Test Question ◽  
Tracking Technique ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Pharmacology Knowledge

Aim: A wide range of research has shown that knowledge retrieval practice results in improved retention. Does providing illustrations (containing an image and words) on a t-shirt enhance learning? And is this knowledge retained after a short(1 week) or long (1 year) delay?Method:A two-phase study was conducted, the initial phase used eye-tracking technique to compare the“image”and“word” attractiveness of two Autonomic nervous system (ANS) pharmacology learning materials on non-science students, the interventional phase used a pre, post and retention test to measure memory, application and lecture learning froma learning material printed on front and back of t-shirt. Results:Total Fixation Duration (TFD) on the 'Image' (3.96± 1.12 seconds) as the Area of interest (AOI) was longer compared to Design (2) (3.43±0.87), (t =36.52), p> 0.05. On the contrary, Design (2) had longer TFD (1.24±0.52) on the 'Words' AOI compared to Design (1) (0.99±0.64), t-test (t =37.48)p> 0.05. Design (2)attracted the students’ eye gaze for both “Image” and “ Word”, therefore, design (2) was selected as learning stimulus for the second interventional phase, students completed a pre-test knowledge test, they were then exposed to the t-shirt designs for a week before completing a post-test 1 week and retention 1-year later to see if there is evidence of better retention of ANS pharmacology knowledge. Repeated measures analysis demonstrated a significant recall of knowledge (F (1.987, 162.9) = 20.53,p< 0.01). Mean of recall pre-test question (2.12 ±0.15) , recall post-test (3.36 ±0.16) (p< 0.0001) and retention (1-year) (2.7 ±0.14) (p< 0.01). Application and lecture-related questions showed no significant differences at pre, post and retention tests. Conclusion:Eye-tracking is useful in designing learning material and ANS pharmacology knowledge retrieval outside the class was associated with a significant improvement of long-term memory as such this might be a promising method in medical education.

scholarly journals Preparing tutors for problem-based learning: An experience from B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Baral ◽  
BH Paudel ◽  
BKL Das ◽  
M Aryal ◽  
A Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Faculty Development ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Test Question ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Medical Teachers

Background: Problem based learning (PBL) has made major impact on curricular designing and practice in medical education for the last forty years. Incorporation of PBL approach in medical education has been a challenge and opportunity for both educationists on how to impart change and medical teachers on how to internalise the change. Objectives: This paper aimed to investigate experiences, achievement and responses of medical teachers at B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Nepal. Materials and methods: There were 25 heterogeneous groups of teachers, majority of them were entry level. Pre- and Post- test question were taken from various topics relevant to PBL such as learning strategy and principles of adult learning, PBL practice at BPKIHS, tutorial session and role of a tutor, making resource session interactive, designing PBL problems, planning educational objectives in PBL, formulation of problem for PBL. In addition to it participants' perception on development and dissemination of PBL manual and effectiveness of workshop were also included in the questionnaire. Results: There was significant gain in knowledge following the workshop (p<0.001). The perception of the teacher found quite relevant and useful for adopting new role as tutor. The respondent teachers noted that skills they learned during the training will be applicable to their job situation. They stressed for an additional training for reinforcement and update with new trends and tools in PBL. Conclusion: Therefore, such trainings for faculty development would be highly beneficial to inculcate new competencies in PBL. Key words: BPKIHS; Faculty Development; Problem Based Learning DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i1.3237 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2010), Vol. 8, No. 1, Issue 29, 141-145

scholarly journals The PEGASUS Games: Physical Exam, Gross Anatomy, phySiology and UltraSound Games for Preclinical Medical Education

POCUS Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Mary Hennekes ◽  
Sarah Rahman ◽  
Andrea Schlosser ◽  
Anne Drake ◽  
Tessa Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Traditional Learning ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Preclinical Medical Students

Introduction: Gamification engages learners and has successfully taught point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to residents and fellows. Yet ultrasound (US) curricula in undergraduate medical education remains limited. This study assessed a gamification model integrating US, anatomy, physiology, physical examination, and radiology created for preclinical medical students as compared with traditional didactic education. Methods: Twenty first-year medical students participated in a session on neck and thyroid material. Students were randomly assigned to a game or non-game group. Game students participated in games incorporating thyroid US with exam maneuvers, other imaging modalities, physiology, and pathology. Non-game students were taught the same material with an instructor. Students were assessed with a pretest and immediate and delayed post-tests. Group differences and scores were assessed using t-tests. A Likert scale evaluated learners’ opinions of the educational experience. Results: The game group performed better than the non-game group on the immediate post-test (p = 0.007, CI = [0.0305, ∞]). There was no significant difference between the groups on the delayed post-test (p = 0.726, CI = [-0.120, ∞]). Students in both groups felt more confident in their knowledge of the material, and all students in the game group agreed that the games encouraged teamwork. Most (9/10) stated the games allowed them to learn the material more effectively and would like to see more gamification (8/10). Conclusion: This US education model incorporating gamification for preclinical medical students promotes teamwork and is as effective for learning material than a traditional learning model. Students additionally convey a positive attitude towards gamification.

ORAL HISTORY SOURCES AS LEARNING MATERIALS: A CASE STUDY OF THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Gugulethu Shamaine Nkala ◽  
Rodreck David
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
National Archives ◽  
National University ◽  
Set Up

Knowledge presented by Oral History (OH) is unique in that it shares the tacit perspective, thoughts, opinions and understanding of the interviewee in its primary form. While teachers, lecturers and other education specialists have at their disposal a wide range of primary, secondary and tertiary sources upon which to relate and share or impart knowledge, OH presents a rich source of information that can improve the learning and knowledge impartation experience. The uniqueness of OH is presented in the following advantages of its use: it allows one to learn about the perspectives of individuals who might not otherwise appear in the historical record; it allows one to compensate for the digital age; one can learn different kinds of information; it provides historical actors with an opportunity to tell their own stories in their own words; and it offers a rich opportunity for human interaction. This article discusses the placement of oral history in the classroom set-up by investigating its use as a source of learning material presented by the National Archives of Zimbabwe to students in the Department of Records and Archives Management at the National University of Science and Technology (NUST). Interviews and a group discussion were used to gather data from an archivist at the National Archives of Zimbabwe, lecturers and students in the Department of Records and Archives Management at NUST, respectively. These groups were approached on the usability, uniqueness and other characteristics that support this type of knowledge about OH in a tertiary learning experience. The findings indicate several qualities that reflect the richness of OH as a teaching source material in a classroom set-up. It further points to weak areas that may be addressed where the source is considered a viable strategy for knowledge sharing and learning. The researchers present a possible model that can be used to champion the use of this rich knowledge source in classroom education at this university and in similar set-ups. 

Eye tracking and tourism research: A systematic literature review

2021 ◽  
pp. 135676672110533
Author(s):  
Georgiana-Denisse Savin ◽  
Cristina Fleșeriu ◽  
Larissa Batrancea
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Heat Maps ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
Dynamic Stimuli ◽  
Tracking Technique ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Practical Implications

In recent years, the number of studies in tourism using the eye tracking technique has increased and started generating valuable information for both academics and the industry. However, there is a gap in the literature concerning systematic reviews focused on recent articles and their findings. Thus, the aim of this study is to close this gap by systematically analysing 70 research papers tackling the subject of eye tracking in tourism and published in highly ranked tourism journals. The study identifies the most popular topics and trends for eye tracking research, as well as the most used types of visual stimuli, such as exhibitions, restaurant menus, promotional pictures or websites. The study also details on measurements specific for the analysis of eye tracking data, including fixations, saccades and heat maps. Results are emphasized along with their theoretical and practical implications. In addition, we highlight the lack of the use of dynamic stimuli in the existing literature and suggest further research directions using the eye tracking technique.

scholarly journals PENGARUH LAMAZE EXERCISE TERHADAP SKALA NYERI MENSTRUASI (DYSMENORRHOEA) PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI SMA BUDI MULIA JAKARTA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Yeni Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Menstrual Pain ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Pharmacological Method

Menstrual pain present as cramps (ranging from mild to severe), which may disturb dailyactivities. Lamaze exercise is non pharmacological method which use breathingrelaxation. This research was to analyze Lamaze exercise to reduction of menstrual pain.This study used pra experimental pre post test design. The population was the studentswith menstrual pain at Budi Mulia Senior High School Jakarta. The sampling techniquewas purposive sampling. Thirty one students participated in this study. The independentvariable was Lamaze exercise and the dependent variable was menstrual pain.Instrument which used to measure pain was Visual Analog Numeric Rating Scale. Datawere analyzed with Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with significance α ≤ 0.005. The resultshowed that Lamaze exercise decreasd menstrual pain. The result of statistical testshowed significance level p = 0.000 and the deviation between pre and post mean is2.32, which means that there was decreasing menstrual pain in student in pre test andpost test. It can be concluded that Lamaze exercise can influence menstrual pain indecrease respondent of the research. Lamaze exercise can provide a relaxing effect.Further experiment with different respondent characteristic to obtain more wide range ofresult.Keywords: menstrual pain, Lamaze, relaxing effect, non pharmacological method

scholarly journals Arabic Video Lyric Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Kosakata Bahasa Arab Siswa

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Kudsiyah Kudsiyah ◽  
Lailatul Mauludiyah ◽  
Murdiono Murdiono
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Online Game ◽  
Test Question ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Related Sample

Video song media was a medium that presents material in the form of text and images as well as monologue sound about the material so that students can watch and listen to videos in the learning process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the video song media in increasing understanding of Arabic vocabulary. This research was a quantitative research. This research was conducted at SD Muahmmadiyah 8 KH Mas Mansur Malang. The subjects taken from this study were the VA class, which amounted to 25 students from a population of 79 students using purposive sampling technique. In this study, data collection techniques were carried out in the form of interviews, questionnaires, tests and documentation. The instrument used in the interview is the interview sheet, while the questionnaire instrument sheet is a questionnaire sheet consisting of several questions related to the video song media, the instrument sheet used in the test is a test question in the form of an interactive online game, the tests used are pretest and posttest. To find out the results of the data in this study the researcher used the T test for the related sample, while to determine the effectiveness of the video media, the researcher used the N-gain formula. The collected research data is presented with descriptive statistics in the calculation of processing using SPSS 20.               As for the results and testing of the hypothesis, "the video song media was effective for improving understanding of Arabic vocabulary. This is evidenced by the results obtained from the pre-test value which is smaller than the post-test value or 85.08 <93.20. Based on the output table "Paired Samples Test" it is known that the Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.000 <0.05, meaning that the video song media can improve the understanding of Arabic vocabulary for the fifth grade students of SD Muhammadiyah 8 KH Mas Mansur Malang

scholarly journals Developing Android-Based Interactive Mobile Learning Software To Improve Students’ Analysis And Synthesis Abilities On Basic Electronics

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Toto Ruhimat ◽  
Tata Risdian Rosdiana
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Electronic Component ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Electronic Learning ◽  
Operational Testing ◽  
Engineering Department ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Learning Software

<p>This research aims to improve students' analysis and synthesis abilities on electronic component learning material using the Research and Development (R&amp;D) method. Data were obtained from tenth-grade students of the Industrial Electronic Engineering Department in Bandung Regency and analyzed using the pre-test and Post-test with normalized gain. The results showed that during the stages of limited and product operational testing, the developed product tends to improve students' analysis and synthesis abilities in basic electronic learning material with electronic component sub-materials. Therefore, Android-Based Interactive Mobile Learning has succeeded in creating new and effective ways for students to learn.</p>

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