scholarly journals Assessment of the level of allelic polymorphism of SSR markers and genetic distances of some grape varieties of the South of Russia of different ecological-geographical groups

2021 ◽  
pp. 330-335
Author(s):  
В.И. Рисованная ◽  
С.М. Гориславец ◽  
François Lefort
Keyword(s):  
Size Range ◽  
Dna Typing ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Allelic Polymorphism ◽  
The South ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
The Relationship

Представлены результаты оценки генетического разнообразия 24 местных сортов юга России, поддерживаемых на ампелографической коллекции ФГБУН «ВННИИВиВ «Магарач». ДНК-типирование сортов и оценка аллельного разнообразия выполнено с использованием 9 ядерных (nSSR) и 3 хлоропластных (cpSSR) микросателлитных локусов. Уровень полиморфизма nSSR локусов составил 100 %. Всего было идентифицировано 73 аллеля, в среднем 9.1 аллеля /локус. Минимальное количество аллелей идентифицировано в локусах ssrVrZAG64 и ssrZag83. Наибольшее количество аллелей выявлено в локусе ssrVvUCH29 (13 аллелей), диапазон размера которых составил 203 п.н. - 309 п.н. В результате анализа полиморфизма сpSSR-локусов идентифицировано 4 хлоротипа: А, В, С, D. Наиболее распростанен в группе изученных сортов хлоротип D (58 %). В статье обсуждается происхождение сортов на основе анализа их гаплотипов. По результатами анализа аллельного полиморфизма nSSR-локусов рассчитана матрица генетических дистанций, значения которой находились в диапазоне 0,33-0,94, построена дендрограмма, отражающая взаимоотношения между образцами. По степени генетического сходства выделились 3 основных кластера, в которых наблюдалась дифференциация или тенденция к дифференциации по эколого-географическим группам. The assessment results of genetic diversity of 24 local varieties of the South of Russia, maintained in the ampelographic collection of the FSBSI Institute Magarach are presented. DNA typing of cultivars and assessment of allelic diversity was performed using 9 nuclear (nSSR) and 3 chloroplast (cpSSR) microsatellite loci. The level of polymorphism of nSSR loci was 100%. A total of 73 alleles were identified with an average of 9.1 alleles per locus. The minimal number of alleles was observed in the ssrVrZAG64 and ssrZag83 loci. The biggest number of alleles was found in the ssrVvUCH29 locus (13 alleles), the size range of which was 203 bp-309 bp. As a result of polymorphism analysis of cpSSR loci, 4 chlorotypes were identified: A, B, C, D. Chlorotype D is the most widespread in the group of the studied cultivars (58%). The article discusses the origin of varieties based on the analysis of their haplotypes. Based on the results of the analysis of allelic polymorphism of nSSR loci, a matrix of genetic distances was calculated, the values of which were in the range of 0.33-0.94, and a dendrogram, reflecting the relationship between the samples, was constructed. According to the degree of genetic similarity, 3 main clusters were distinguished, in which differentiation or a tendency towards differentiation by ecological-geographical groups was observed.

ACCUMULATION OF PLASTIC FRAGMENTS AND MICROPLASTICS ON THE BEACHES IN THE SOUTH-EAST BALTIC SEA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilia Khatmullina ◽  
Lilia Khatmullina ◽  
Elena Esiukova ◽  
Elena Esiukova
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
The South ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Quantitative Distribution ◽  
Sediment Sampling ◽  
Beach Sediments ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
The Baltic

The sediment sampling from different areas of the beaches in the south-eastern part of the Baltic Sea (in Kaliningrad region) was executed for the purpose of studying the quantitative and qualitative composition of the microplastics particles (range 0.5-5 mm). Preference is given to those beaches that are exposed to maximum anthropogenic pollution. From June, 2015 to January, 2016, there were 14 expeditions along the coastline of the Baltic Sea (in Kaliningrad region) to collect experimental materials. The majority of samples were collected on the most recent flotsam deposited at “wracklines”, in the supralittoral zone. The primary examination of those samples revealed the presence of abundant microplastic particles of the required size range (0.5-5 mm). Quantitative distribution of microplastics in beach sediments was obtained in milligrams per gram of sediment and milligrams per m2: on average 0.05-2.89 (mg per gram of sediment) and 370-7330 (mg per m2), accordingly.

A RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO DA POBREZA MUNDIAL: NOVAS FORMAS DE TRATAMENTO

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 04
Author(s):  
Tatiani De Azevedo Lobo ◽  
Marli M. Moraes Da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Social Indicators ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Capital Social ◽  
The South ◽  
Sharp Rise ◽  
Contemporary Debate ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Network ◽  
The Relationship

Resumo: O presente ensaio busca apresentar e fomentar algumas questões pertinentes ao debate contemporâneo sobre a pobreza, demonstrando a importância do tema no cenário mundial. Para tanto, inicialmente discorre-se sobre a construção histórico-social da pobreza e suas características contemporâneas. Com efeito, aponta-se a limitação dos fatores tradicionalmente apresentados como causadores da pobreza, como cultura, genética, geografia etc. Além disso, apresentam-se as formas atuais de monitorar o fenômeno, como o coeficiente de Gini e o IDH. Posteriormente, aborda-se a distribuição mundial da pobreza. Nesse ponto, colaciona-se que a pobreza é um problema mundial. No entanto, é perceptível que o Sul ainda concentra maior número de indivíduos pobres do que o Norte. Na esteira dos últimos dados da pesquisa realizada pelas Nações Unidas, houve uma nítida ascensão do Sul, especialmente nos indicadores sociais ligados à educação. A seguir, trata-se do capital social e da Teoria das Capacidades, apresentando-se novas abordagens da pobreza. Assim, o capital social trata de uma ideia utilizada para verificar a rede de relacionamento dos indivíduos. Já a Teoria das Capacidades está ligada com a ideia de oportunidade da liberdade. Por fim, estuda-se as políticas públicas, bem como seu aspecto fragmentário. Conclui-se, assim, sobre a necessidade de implementação de políticas públicas elaboradas sob a égide de novos paradigmas, a fim de possibilitar o tratamento específico do fenômeno da pobreza, conforme as peculiaridades de cada local. Para tanto foi utilizado neste trabalho o método de abordagem hipotético-dedutivo, o método de procedimento monográfico e a técnica de pesquisa, operacionalizados por meio do emprego de vasta pesquisa bibliográfica. Abstract: This essay seeks to provide and foster some relevant to the contemporary debate on poverty issues, demonstrating the importance of the issue on the world stage. For this purpose, initially spoke about the historical and social construction of poverty and its contemporary features. Indeed, he pointed out the limitation of the factors traditionally presented as the cause of poverty, as a culture, genetics, geography, etc. Furthermore, we presented the current ways of monitoring the phenomenon, such as the Gini coefficient and the HDI. Subsequently addressed the global distribution of poverty. At this point, if collated that poverty is a worldwide problem. However, it is apparent that the South still more concentrated than the poor North individuals. In the wake of recent data from research conducted by the United Nations, there was a sharp rise in the South, especially in social indicators related to education. Next, we treated the capital and the Theory of Capabilities, presenting new approaches to poverty. Thus, social capital is an idea used to verify the relationship network of individuals. Already Capabilities Theory is linked with the idea of freedom of opportunity. Finally, we studied public policy, as well as its fragmentary appearance. Thus, it is concluded on the need to implement public policies prepared under the aegis of new paradigms to enable specific treatment of the phenomenon of poverty, according to the peculiarities of each site. For that was used in this work the method of hypothetical-deductive approach, the method of procedure and the monographic research technique, operationalized through the use of extensive academic research.

scholarly journals ACE Inhibitory and Antihypertensive Activities of Wine Lees and Relationship among Bioactivity and Phenolic Profile

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Raúl López-Fernández-Sobrino ◽  
Jorge R. Soliz-Rueda ◽  
Maria Margalef ◽  
Anna Arola-Arnal ◽  
Manuel Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Phenolic Profiles ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
The Relationship

Wine lees (WL) are by-products generated in the winemaking process. The aim of this study was to investigate the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory (ACEi) activity, and the blood pressure (BP) lowering effect of WL from individual grape varieties. The relationship among their activities and phenolic profiles was also studied. Three WL, from Cabernet, Mazuela, and Garnacha grape varieties, were firstly selected based on their ACEi properties. Their phenolic profiles were fully characterized by UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS. Then, their potential antihypertensive effects were evaluated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). BP was recorded before and after their oral administrations (2, 4, 6, 8, 24, and 48 h) at a dose of 5 mL/kg bw. Cabernet WL (CWL) exhibited a potent antihypertensive activity, similar to that obtained with the drug Captopril. This BP-lowering effect was related to the high amount of anthocyanins and flavanols present in these lees. In addition, a potential hypotensive effect of CWL was discarded in normotensive Wistar–Kyoto rats. Finally, the ACEi and antihypertensive activities of CWL coming from a different harvest were confirmed. Our results suggest the potential of CWL for controlling arterial BP, opening the door to commercial use within the wine industry.

Tectono-magmatic reactivation of Téfidet Cretaceous trough during Cenozoic (Aïr, Niger)

2016 ◽  
Vol 187 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yacouba Ahmed ◽  
Moussa Konaté ◽  
Moussa Harouna
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
The South ◽  
Lake Chad ◽  
Pan African ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Extension Period

AbstractThe Téfidet trough (eastern Niger) belongs to the Ténéré megasystem set of Cretaceous rifts N130°E to N170°E oriented, corresponding to the direction of the Lake Chad-Hoggar tectonic axis.The study of the relationship between the structure of the trough and alkaline fissural volcanism that developed there from the Oligocene to Plio-Quaternary shows the uniqueness of the Téfidet trough compared to the neighboring contemporary volcanic areas of Hoggar, Cameroon, and southern Aïr.The tectono-magmatic reactivation of the Cretaceous Téfidet trough developed in two steps: – a period contemporaneous with the Tuareg shield bulging (Aïr, Hoggar, Iforas);– a subsequent extension period generally N060°E, which has persisted since the opening of the South Atlantic (upper Jurassic to Plio-Quaternary).The fissural volcanism, due to the reactivation of Pan African and Cretaceous faults evolved concomitantly with the N060°E extension (syn-magmatic micro-fractures with basaltic filling), in several steps, from Oligocene to Plio-Quaternary.This study highlights the existence of periods of quietness and recovery of volcanic activity, for which two assumptions can be made: – no enough absolute datings,– apolyphased extension of the rift.The latter hypothesis seems to be supported by three periods of volcanic quietness, 28–24 m.y., 20–14 m.y. and 8–5 m.y., observed in the northern and the southern Aïr, Gréboun and Todgha, respectively.

scholarly journals Trains of African Easterly Waves and Their Relationship to Tropical Cyclone Genesis in the Eastern Atlantic

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 599-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdou L. Dieng ◽  
Saidou M. Sall ◽  
Laurence Eymard ◽  
Marion Leduc-Leballeur ◽  
Alban Lazar
Keyword(s):  
West African ◽  
Dynamical Structure ◽  
African Easterly Waves ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
Easterly Waves ◽  
West African Coast ◽  
African Coast ◽  
Tropical Depressions ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, the relationship between trains of African easterly waves (AEWs) and downstream tropical cyclogenesis is studied. Based on 19 summer seasons (July–September from 1990 to 2008) of ERA-Interim reanalysis fields and brightness temperature from the Cloud User Archive, the signature of AEW troughs and embedded convection are tracked from the West African coast to the central Atlantic. The tracked systems are separated into four groups: (i) systems originating from the north zone of the midtropospheric African easterly jet (AEJ), (ii) those coming from the south part of AEJ, (iii) systems that are associated with a downstream trough located around 2000 km westward (termed DUO systems), and (iv) those that are not associated with such a close downstream trough (termed SOLO systems). By monitoring the embedded 700-hPa-filtered relative vorticity and 850-hPa wind convergence anomaly associated with these families along their trajectories, it is shown that the DUO generally have stronger dynamical structure and statistically have a longer lifetime than the SOLO ones. It is suggested that the differences between them may be due to the presence of the previous intense downstream trough in DUO cases, enhancing the low-level convergence behind them. Moreover, a study of the relationship between system trajectories and tropical depressions occurring between the West African coast and 40°W showed that 90% of tropical depressions are identifiable from the West African coast in tracked systems, mostly in the DUO cases originating from the south zone of the AEJ.

scholarly journals Novel Comprehensive Molecular and Ecological Study Introducing Coastal Mud Shrimp (Solenocera Crassicornis) Recorded at the Gulf of Suez, Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Eman M. Abbas ◽  
Fawzia S. Ali ◽  
Mohammed G. Desouky ◽  
Mohamed Ashour ◽  
Ahmed El-Shafei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Gulf Of Suez ◽  
Commercial Catch ◽  
Monthly Total ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
The Relationship

Solenocera crassicornis is a commercially important shrimp of the Solenoceridae family. The current study investigated the morphology, molecular identification, phylogenetic relationships, and population dynamics of S. crassicornis in Egypt. Samples were collected monthly (total, 1722; male = 40.19%, wet weight, 0.89–10.77 g; female = 59.81%, wet weight, 1.55–19.24 g) from Al-Attaka commercial catch in the Gulf of Suez in the Red Sea. Two barcode markers, 18S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), were used for molecular identification. COI partial sequences were used to construct the phylogenetic relationships among different species of genus Solenocera and to infer the origin of the studied Solenocera crassicornis. The applied molecular markers successfully identified the studied species to the species level. The genetic distances among S. crassicornis sequences from different countries revealed the Indo-West Pacific origin of S. crassicornis. The relationship between total length (TL) and total weight (TW) was TW = 0.035TL2.275 and r2 = 0.805 for males and TW = 0.007TL3.036 and r2 = 0.883 for females, indicating that females were heavier than males. Despite its social and economic relevance in the area, information on the hatching, larval rearing, and farming of S. crassicornis is scarce and requires future studies under Egyptian conditions.

Ampelographic characterization of white grapevine cul-tivars (Vitis vinifera L.) grown in Palestine

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rezq Basheer-Salimia
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Similarity Matrix ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Synonymies And Homonymies

Abstract: In Palestine, grape culture consists of ecotypes and cultivars (also called local varieties), for which a large number of homonymous and synonymous designations exist as well as misnaming of cultivars. The present study is the first report using detailed ampelographic characterizations (39 informative traits) to assess genetic diversity and detect similarities among sixteen accessions collected from putative diverse grape genotypes In general, 30 descriptors presented highly and satisfactory divergent genotypes, whereas the remaining traits showed no or very little ampelographic variation. Based on the similarity matrix and the resulting dendrogram of these ampelographic data, distinguishable genotypes as well as some cases of synonymies and homonymies clearly exist. A synonymy case seemed to be in four genotypes including Jandali-Mfarad, Jan-dali-Mrazraz, Jandali, and Hamadani-Mattar, which indeed showed genetic distances of less than 0.5, sug-gesting their relatedness, and the possibility that they are the same genotype, but with different names. In addition, homonym cases also occur in the following pairs of “Marawi’s, Hamadani’s, and Zaini’s genotypes, in which each pair seems to be two distinctive genotypes. Finally, among the 16 examined genotypes, the Zaini-Baladi genotype tended to show the highest genetic distance values from the others and thus could be potentially incorporated into any further local or regional breeding programs as well as germplasm conservation.

Unraveling the South African Breast Cancer Story: The Relationship of Patients, Delay to Diagnosis, and Tumor Biology With Stage at Presentation in an Urban Setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Sarah Rayne ◽  
Kathryn Schnippel ◽  
Surbhi Grover ◽  
Kirstin Fearnhead ◽  
Deirdre Kruger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
South African ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
The South ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship
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