scholarly journals Pelatihan Kader Posyandu di Wilayah Kelurahan Kersanegara Kecamatan Cibeureum Tasikmalaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Ai Cahyati ◽  
Sofia Februanti ◽  
Unang Arifin Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Pretest Score ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Training Modules ◽  
Counseling Practices

Purpose of this community service activity is to improve the empowerment of the community in transferring information and skills from officers to the community and among fellow citizens and to bring basic health services especially related to the reduction of maternal mortality rate (MMR), infant mortality rate (IMR) and under-five mortality rate and to achieve the goals of Healthy Cities. The target to be achieved is that cadres can increase their knowledge and skills in carrying out posyandu activities independently. The method used is to provide cadre training with the number of hours of training for 3 days @ 5 hours of training (45 minutes per hour of training). The participants were posyandu cadres in the area of ​​Kersanagara Village, Cibeureum District, Tasikmalaya City, as many as 22 people. Cadres are given a pretest at the beginning of the meeting and post-test at the end of the meeting as an evaluation of the activities carried out. Facilities and infrastructure to be used LCD, laptop, mic, TOA, posyandu cadre training modules & materials, posyandu props, sphygmomanometer, stethoscope, weighing scales, dacin scales, metlines. The results of cadre refresher activities were an increase in knowledge after training with an average pretest score of 68, post-test 80, so that the average increase in knowledge was 11 points. Cadres can also practice blood pressure measurement, weighing using dacin, system posyandu 5 table practices, counseling practices and recording reporting. The output of this community service activity is the production of modules and the publication of the results of community service activities. Facilities and infrastructure so that they can be equipped so that posyandu services can be optimized. Posyandu cadres further increase motivation to conduct counseling.

scholarly journals MANAJEMEN PELAYANAN GIZI BURUK BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI DI KECAMATAN SUGIH WARAS KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Falih Suaedi ◽  
Putu Aditya Ferdian Ariawantara
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Child Deaths ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Service Activity

Half of all child deaths worldwide result from malnutrition (malnutrition). East Java Province provides the largest contribution from malnutrition in Indonesia and Sugih Waras District, Bojonegoro Regency, is one of the biggest contributors to malnutrition cases. Problems at the lower level often occur because there are still many posyandu that record data manually by writing it in the posyandu administration book or Kartu Menuju Sehat (KMS), which results in speed of decision making. This community service is about technology-based malnutrition service management including the creation of software (application), counseling, and demonstrations of how to use applications. The purpose of this community service activity is to provide practical knowledge to posyandu health cadres by means of counseling and villages in Sugih Waras Subdistrict, Bojonegoro Regency regarding the importance of posyandu management based on prevention technology that can reduce the number of malnutrition in Sugih Waras District, Bojonegoro Regency. The results of the pre-test and post-test on the capacity of the cadres showed an average increase of 65 percent. With this activity it helps posyandu cadres in providing fast and responsive health services and produces real time data.abstrakSetengah dari kematian anak-anak di seluruh dunia akibat dari adanya kekurangan nutrisi (malnutrition). Provinsi Jawa Timur memberikan kontribusi terbesar malnutrition di Indonesia dan Kecamatan Sugih Waras Kabupaten Bojonegoro menjadi salah satu daerah terbesar penyumbang kasus malnutrition. Problematika pada level bawah sering terjadi karena masih banyak posyandu yang melakukan pencatatan data secara manual dengan ditulis di buku administrasi posyandu atau Kartu Menuju Sehat (KMS), yang berakibat pada kecepatan pengambilan keputusan. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini tentang manajemen pelayanan kesehatan berbasis teknologi meliputi pembuatan software (aplikasi), penyuluhan, dan demonstrasi penggunaan aplikasi. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan praktis kepada para kader-kader kesehatan posyandu dengan cara penyuluhan dan demonstrasi di Kecamatan Sugih Waras Kabupaten Bojonegoro mengenai pentingnya manajemen posyandu berbasis teknologi sebagai upaya preventif yang dapat menekan angka malnutrition di Kecamatan Sugih Waras Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Hasil pre-test dan post-test terhadap kapasitas para kader menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 65 persen. Dengan kegiatan ini dapat membantu para kader posyandu dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang cepat dan responsif serta menghasilkan data bersifat real time. 

scholarly journals Upaya Peningkatan Status Kesehatan Pada Ibu Hamil Melalui Deteksi Dini Pre Eklamsi (Program Penyuluhan Rawat Jalan) Di Puskesmas Mojosari Kecamatan Mojosari Kabupaten Mojokerto

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Dhonna Anggreni ◽  
Ika Yuni Susanti ◽  
Dyah Siwi Hety
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Counseling Program ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Outpatient Counseling

The maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR) in East Java (Jatim) are still high. Based on 2018 data, MMR in East Java reached 91.45 percent per 1,000 births, while for IMR, it was 13.4 percent per 1,000 births. To support the efforts to reduce MMR and IMR, health service activities for pregnant women have been carried out at various levels of health services. The purpose of this community service activity is to provide experience and increase knowledge of pregnant women about pre-eclampsia, change the attitudes and behavior of pregnant women so that they can prevent pre-eclampsia during pregnancy and the establishment of an Outpatient Counseling Program (Penyuraja) about pre-eclampsia. This activity was carried out at the Mojosari Health Center, Mojosari District, Mojokerto Regency. The target of this activity is pregnant women who have their pregnancy checked at the Mojosari Health Center. This activity is carried out by providing counseling methods and giving leaflets to mothers. The result of this activity is an increase in the knowledge of pregnant women about pre-eclampsia and the establishment of an outpatient counseling program about pre-eclampsia.    

EFEKTIFITAS KONSELING LAKTASI PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN MENYUSUI

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Heni Purwaningsih ◽  
Umi Aniroh ◽  
Eko Mardiyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Emotional Bonding ◽  
Post Test

Program pembangunan kesehatan di Indonesia masih berfokus pada upaya peningkatan derajat kesehatan ibu dan anak terutama pada masa prenatal. Hal ini disebabkan masih tingginya Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB). ASI yang diberikan sejak usia dini dan dilanjutkan dengan ASI eksklusif selama 6 bulan dapat menurunkan angka kesakitan dan angka kematian bayi serta meningkatkan tumbuh kembang bayi secara optimal.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas pemberian konseling laktasi terhadap pelaksanaan menyusui pada ibu hamil trimester III. Desain penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan One Group Pre-test dan  Post-test Desain. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil trimester III dan sampel yang diambil adalah 18 ibu hamil. Alat penggumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi BREAST (body position, respons, emotional bonding, anatomy dan sucking time). Analisis data menggunakan wilcoxon.Hasil penelitian didapatkan pelaksanaan menyusui sebelum dilakukan konseling laktasi dalam kategori kurang (72,2%) sedangkan pelaksanaan menyusui setelah dilakukan konseling laktasi (77,8%) dalam kategori baik. Konseling laktasi efektif dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pelaksanaan menyusui denganp-value 0,003 (p<0,005).Konseling laktasi seharusnya diberikan pada masa prenatal sehingga pada saat postpartum, ibu sudah mampu memberikan asi secara maksimal. Pendampingan terhadap ibu hamil juga berperan dalam pelaksanaan pemberian ASI.   Kata kunci : Konseling laktasi, ASI, pelaksanaan menyusui   THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LACTATION COUNSELING IN THE 3rd TRIMESTER PREGNANT WOMEN ON BREASTFEEDING IMPLEMENTATION   ABSTRACT Indonesia's health development program still focuses on improving mother and child health, especially at the prenatal stage. It is due to the high maternal mortality rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR). Breastmilk given from an early age and continued with exclusive breastfeeding for six months can reduce infants morbidity and mortality rate and increase their optimal growth. The purpose is to investigate the effectiveness of lactation counseling to the implementation of breastfeeding in third-trimester. The study design used quasi experiments with one group pre-test and post-test. Population was the 3rd-trimester pregnant mothers, and the samples were 18 mothers. The data collection tool used BREAST observation sheets (body position, response, emotional bonding, anatomy and sucking time). Data analysis used Wilcoxon. The result of the research shows that breastfeeding before lactation counseling is in less category (72,2%) while breastfeeding after lactation counseling (77,8%) is in a goodcategory. Effective lactation counseling is performed to improve the implementation of breastfeeding with p-value 0.003 (p <0.005). Lactation counseling should be given during the prenatal period so that at the time of postpartum, the mother has been able to give breastmilk maximally. Mentoring for pregnant women also plays a role in the implementation of breastfeeding Keywords: lactation counseling, breast milk, breastfeeding implementation

Penyuluhan tentang Bullying dan pencegahannya di SMK Negeri 1 Lelogama Kecamatan Amfoang Selatan, Kabupaten Kupang

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-329
Author(s):  
Arman Rifat Lette
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Health Counseling ◽  
Full Support ◽  
Service Activities ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Bullying In Schools

Abstrak: Praktik bullying ataupun kekerasan di sekolah masih sering terjadi hingga saat ini. Sudah banyak kasus Bullying yang terungkap dan bahkan menyebabkan kematian bagi korban. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman kepada siswa tentang bullying dan cara pencegahannya. Bentuk kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan yaitu Penyuluhan kesehatan tentang bullying dan pencegahannya serta diskusi bersama. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan pada hari Sabtu, tanggal 08 Februari 2020 pukul 09.20-11.00 WITA. Peserta kegiatan penyuluhan ini adalah siswa-siswi SMK Negeri 1 Lelogama, Kecamatan Amfoang Selatan, Kabupaten Kupang kelas XI-XII. Peserta penyuluhan sebanyak 68 peserta. Penyuluhan Kesehatan dapat berjalan dengan baik dan lancar. Pihak sekolah juga memberikan dukungan penuh dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini. Pengetahuan dan pemahaman siswa semakin bertambah terkait bullying dan cara pencegahannya, dibuktikan dari hasil pre-test dan post-test dimana terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan sebesar 30% setelah diberikan penyuluhan. Perlu dilakukan pengabdian lanjutan dengan waktu yang lebih lama untuk advokasi aturan/kebijakan terkait pencegahan dan penanganan bullying di sekolah.Abstract: The practice of bullying or violence in schools was still common today. There have been many cases of bullying that have been revealed and have even caused death to victims. The purpose of this service was to provide knowledge and understanding to students about bullying and how to prevent it. The form of service activities carried out was health counseling about bullying and its prevention and discussion together. This community service activity was held on Saturday, February 8, 2020 at 09.20-11.00 WITA. The participants of this counseling activity were students of SMK Negeri 1 Lelogama, Amfoang Selatan District, Kupang Regency in class XI-XII. There were 68 extension participants. Health education can run well and smoothly. The school also provides full support in this service activityStudents' knowledge and understanding is increasing regarding bullying and how to prevent it, as evidenced by the results of the pre-test and post-test where there is an increase in knowledge of 30% after being given counseling. Further service needs to be done with a longer time for advocating for rules / policies related to the prevention and handling of bullying in schools. 

scholarly journals EDUKASI LANSIA SEHAT DAN BAHAGIA (SMART) PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PUSKESMAS TEMPINO MUARO JAMBI

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Mila Triana Sari ◽  
Daryanto Daryanto
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Community Service ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Keywords Education

Lanjut usia (Lansia) merupakan kelompok yang paling beresiko terkena Covid-19, dikarenakan lansia umumnya memiliki beberapa penyakit komorbid serta tingginya angka mortalitas pada lansia. Salah satu upaya untuk pencegahan penularan Covid-19 pada lansia ialah dengan langkah promotif dan preventif, antara lain dengan pemberian edukasi pada lansia. Selain itu, perlu juga diperhatikan agar lansia tetap sehat dan bahagia di masa pandemi Covid-19 sehingga kualitas hidup lansia tetap terjaga dan resiko tertular Covid-19 pada lansia dapat dikurangi. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap lansia tentang protokol kesehatan dan upaya lansia sehat dan bahagia di masa pandemi Covid-19, dengan jumlah lansia sebanyak 20 orang. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini diawali dengan pendampingan para lansia untuk berkumpul diruang aula, pemberian kuesioner untuk pre-test, penyampaian informasi dilakukan dengan slide power point tentang protokol kesehatan dan upaya lansia sehat dan bahagia, video, kartu SMART, demonstrasi teknik relaksasi nafas dalam serta diakhiri dengan sesi tanya jawab, post-test, dan pemberian makanan tambahan sehat untuk lansia. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini diharapkan menambah pengetahuan para lansia tentang pencegahan terjadinya infeksi Covid-19, meningkatkan kewaspadaan terhadap bahaya penularan serta menjadi lansia yang SMART. Kata Kunci: Edukasi, Lansia, Sehat, Bahagia, SMART, Covid-19 ABSTRACT Elderly is the group most at risk of contracting Covid-19, because the elderly generally have several comorbid diseases and high mortality rates in the elderly. One of the efforts to prevent Covid-19 transmission in the elderly is by promoting and preventive steps, including providing education to the elderly. In addition, it should also be noted that the elderly remain healthy and happy during the Covid-19 pandemic so that the quality of life for the elderly is maintained and the risk of contracting Covid-19 in the elderly can be reduced. The purpose of this community service activity is to increase the knowledge and attitudes of the elderly about health protocols and efforts for healthy and happy elderly people during the Covid-19 pandemic, with 20 elderly people. The method of implementing this community service activity begins with the assistance of the elderly to gather in the hall, giving questionnaires for pre-test, delivering information with power point slides about health protocols and efforts for healthy and happy elderly people, videos, SMART cards, demonstrations of deep breathing relaxation techniques. and ended with a question and answer session, post-test, and providing healthy supplementary food for the elderly. The results of this community service activity are expected to increase the knowledge of the elderly about preventing the occurrence of Covid-19 infection, increase awareness of the dangers of transmission and become SMART elderly. Keywords: Education, Elderly, Healthy, Happy, SMART, Covid-19

scholarly journals Edukasi virtual obat dexamethasone bukan penangkal COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Hendera Hendera ◽  
Laila Eka Pratiwi ◽  
Memin Tri Ethik ◽  
Dina Ahsana
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Educational Method ◽  
Educational Methods ◽  
Pathogenic Virus ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Service Activity

The coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) outbreak is an infection caused by the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which are a pathogenic virus and highly contagious. The drug dexamethasone is only beneficial for patients infected with COVID-19 and has no effect on patients who are infected with mild symptoms nor can it prevent the entry of the COVID-19 virus. Taking dexamethasone without a doctor's prescription can trigger infection of the COVID-19 virus and have detrimental effects on the body. The purpose of this community service activity is to provide education that can increase understanding of dexamethasone which can not prevent us from getting infected by the COVID-19 and to inform the dangers of using dexamethasone that is not from a doctor's prescription. This is a quantitative research with a Pre-Experimental method using One Group Pretest-Posttest Design and the collecting data instruments used are multiple choice question types. The results of 30 participants complete data were analyzed using statistics with the Wilcoxon test with a P-value of 0,000 (P 0.05). The results showed that there was a significant effect on the use of educational methods in increasing participants' understanding of this drug. Furthermore, the N-Gain test was carried out with a result of 75.389%, so it concluded that the use of the educational method in the activity entitled "dexamethasone drug not an antidote to COVID-19" was considered quite effective in increasing the knowledge of participants who were facilitated by the pre-test and post-test.

scholarly journals Pengenalan HIV/AIDS melalui Kosakata Bidang HIV/AIDS di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Kota Bandung

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Perla Yualita
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
The World ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Vocabulary Recognition ◽  
Hiv Aids

The number of people with HIV/AIDS in the world is increasing. The introduction of HIV/AIDS in the early adolescent phase needs to be done with a language approach that is easy to be understood and remembered. One of them is the approach to vocabulary recognition in the field of HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this community service activity was to discover the application of HIV/AIDS introduction through HIV/AIDS vocabularies. The method used was pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design which began with pre-test, the provision of HIV/AIDS vocabulary materials through power points and distribution of HIV/AIDS vocabulary sheets. This experiment was ended by doing post-test. The final results showed an increase in the average score of 26.71% with significancy 0,00&lt;0,05.. Thus, the introduction of HIV/AIDS through HIV/AIDS vocabularies is an effective effort to facilitate the early introduction of HIV/AIDS on to students in their early adolescent to avoid the dangers of HIV/AIDS.<br /><br />

scholarly journals Karakteristik Hasil Ultrasonografi Payudara pada Program Deteksi Dini Kanker Payudara di Kota Solo

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rachmi Fauziah Rahayu ◽  
Rospitasari Rospitasari ◽  
Adam Prabata ◽  
Luths Maharina
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Service Program ◽  
Breast Ultrasonography ◽  
Cancer Early Detection ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Node Involvement

<p>Breast cancer is the most common cancer found in women worldwide, including Indonesia. Breast cancer was the most second cancer-related death in Indonesia with 22,000 mortality cases in 2018. The high mortality rate is worsened by the fact that 80% breast cancer cases in Indonesia was detected when its already in advanced stage, so the morbidity and mortality rate will be high. In response to those problems, we held a community service activity which comprises counselling of breast self-examination (BSE) methods and free breast ultrasonography examination. Counselling was held to improve knowledge and awareness regarding breast cancer, whereas free breast ultrasonography examination was held to give access of one of breast cancer early detection method for community. We found 9 people (16.4% of all participants) who had breast lesion and 11 people (20.0% of all participants) who had lymph node involvement. The mean of age of the community service participants was 47.4 years old, so our community service program is right on the target, matching with the riskiest age group of breast cancer. Improving knowledge and awareness regarding the importance of early detection for breast cancer, then contributing to add breast ultrasonography examination data in Indonesia, especially at Solo, were the aim for this community service program.</p>

scholarly journals Training of Gluten and Casein Free Snack Processing for Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Novriani Tarigan ◽  
Ginta Siahaan ◽  
Dini Lestrina
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Purple Sweet Potato ◽  
Made In

The gluten and casein-free (GCF) diet is one alternative ways in handling children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The aim of this community service activities was to improve the attitudes, motivations and skills of the mothers in order to be able to prepare GCF diet that are safe for consumption by ASD children. The target participants of this community service activity were 25 mothers of ASD children from the Pondok Peduli Autis Foundation in Medan. Stages of implementation consisted of socializing the activities, pre-test, and counseling on a GFC diet, training and demonstrations on processing of GCF snacks, as well as evaluating activities in the form of a post-test. The GCF products made in the training activities were purple sweet potato pudding, pumpkin pudding, hunkwe pudding, corn bakwan, cassava omelette, cassava pastel, and cassava croquette with vegetables. The average pre-test results on the participants' knowledge about GCF diets was 45.6. After counseling twice by using a "Booklet" tools and training on the processing of GCF products, there was an increase in knowledge to 81.9. Furthermore, after regularly consuming the GCF foods prepared based on this program, more than 50% participants found their autis children improvement in learning concentration and no longer hyperactive.

scholarly journals Community Empowerment for Self-sufficiency in Herbal Plants to Face The Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Novera Herdiani ◽  
Satriya Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Community Group ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Dried Fruit ◽  
Method Of Planting

Indonesia is famous for its rich herbs. Typically, these herbs are used as flavoured vegetables, medicinal plants, dried fruit and medicinal plants that are packed in the form of herbs. Some herbs are very good for curing and healing. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for spices is getting higher, but prices are also high. This has an impact on the cost of community needs. Community service aims to use herbs to improve the immune system in the face of COVID-19. Besides, for the use of the house yard by planting herbs as traditional medicinal plants with community empowerment. The methods used were counselling about spice plants, dividing spice plant seeds, and practising directly growing spices. The community service subjects were 41 residents Taman District on Provinsi of Sidoarjo, especially in a community group on 25 in Citizens Association of 10 Bohar Village, Taman Sidoarjo District. According to the results of the evaluation of the participant's knowledge assessment, according to the results of the pre-test and post-test evaluations, it was found that most of the participants experienced an increase in knowledge of spices (56.1%). Most residents (85%) prefer the direct practice method of planting spices because it is easier to understand right away. The conclusion indicated the effectiveness of the introduction and use of spices in increasing knowledge and direct cultivation practice. The next community service activity is to provide assistance and train residents in environmental cadre formation activities and the formation of TOGA plants. The output of this community service activity is a report that has been submitted in a journal and an increase in public understanding and awareness by planting spices.  

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