scholarly journals The Content of Essential and Toxic Metals in the Hair of Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cr Concentration

The aim of this study was to assess the possible relationship between the content of essential and toxic metals in the hair samples with the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Taking into account the age and gender of the child, in the study and control group, the samples were divided into three subgroups (1-5 years; 6-9 years; 10-14 years). Altered profiles of the values of the Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb in the study group were observed in comparison with the control group children with typical neuromotor development. Higher values of toxic metal concentrations (Co, Ni, Cd, Pb) were found in boys, compared to the girls in the study group. The content of Pb in the study group was higher in all three ages compared to their controls, with the difference being especially pronounced in the age group 1-5 years (6.64 mg/kg; 1.89 mg/kg). A strong correlation between the content of Pb and Cd (0.93) was confirmed. Lower values of Cr concentration and higher of Ni, Cu and Fe were recorded in the study group. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were found in Zn concentrations (6-9 years; 10 -14 years) between the control and study groups. The findings help highlight the role of heavy metals as environmental factors in the etiology of ASD.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of use of triamcinolone and placebo in treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
A. Kh. Nazanyan ◽  
◽  
S. L. Manasyan ◽  
A. A. Avakyan ◽  
A. K. Shukuryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Persistent Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Better Than

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of triamcinolone monotherapy on the quality of life of patients with persistent allergic rhinitis. The study was placebo-controlled, randomized and double-blinded. The study included 46 patients in the study group and 24 patients in the control group, all were diagnosed with persistent allergic rhinitis for at least two years. Patients were examined twice after diagnosis was made. The study group was administered intramuscularly with 40 mg of triamcinolone once, while the control group was given placebo. To estimate the quality of life in both groups, a specially designed questionnaire was used, according to which the final scores were calculated. The triamcinolone group had a lower overall score on the questionnaire compared with the placebo group (p < 0.001). The difference between the scores at the beginning of the study and at the end of the first month for all indicators was statistically significant (p < 0,001). The difference in changes from the start of the study to the end of the first month (difference in treatment) between placebo and the study groups was statistically significant, in favour of the study group. Triamcinolone is a drug that improves the quality of life of patients treated for persistent allergic rhinitis, better than placebo.

The effects of information platform-based nursing on preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with hip fractures (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Xiaojie Fu ◽  
Mingxing Lei ◽  
Pengbin Yin ◽  
Qingmei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Drug Compliance ◽  
Information Platform ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Length Of Hospitalization

BACKGROUND Mobile apps are becoming increasingly relevant to health care. Apps have been used to improve symptoms, quality of life, and adherence for oral drugs in patients with cancers, pregnancy, or chronic diseases, and the results were satisfying . OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop an information platform with the help of a mobile app and then evaluate whether information platform-based nursing can improve patient’s drug compliance and reduce the incidence of VTE in patients with hip fractures. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed hip fracture patients performed with traditional prevention and intervention of VTE (control group) between January 2008 and November 2012, and prospectively analyzed hip fracture patients conducted with nursing intervention based on the information platform (study group) between January 2016 and September 2017. The information platform can be divided into medical and nursing care end and the patient’s end. Based on the information platform, we could implement risk assessments, monitoring management and early warnings, preventions and treatments, health educations, follow-up and other aspects of nursing interventions for patients. We compared basic characteristics, outcomes including drug compliance, VTE occurrence, and mean length of hospitalization between the two groups. Besides, a subgroup analysis was performed in the study group according to different drug compliances. RESULTS Regarding baseline data, patients in the study group had more morbidities than those in the control group (P<0.05). The difference of drug compliance between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001): 64.7% of the patients in the control group had poor drug compliance and only 6.1% patients had poor drug compliance in the study group. In terms of VTE, 126 patients (10.7%) in the control group had VTE, while only 35 patients (7.1%) in the study group had VTE, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.024). Moreover, the average length of hospitalization in the study group was also significantly lower than that in the control group (10.4 d vs. 13.7 d, P=0.000). Subgroup analysis of the study group showed that the incidence of VTE in patients with non-compliance, partial compliance, and good compliance was 56.7%, 5.8% and 2.8%, respectively (P=0.000). CONCLUSIONS Poor drug compliance leads to higher VTE occurrence. The information platform-based nursing can effectively improve the compliance of patients with hip fracture and thus significantly reduce the incidence of VTE.

Analysis of the Impact of Personalized Nursing Service and Hospice Care on the Quality of Life of Elderly Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-473
Author(s):  
Ting Fang ◽  
Nian Wang ◽  
Meng Chen ◽  
Hongmei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Hospice Care ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Objective Explore the impact of personalized nursing services and hospice care on the quality of life of elderly patients with advanced cancer. Method We selected 80 elderly cancer patients admitted to our hospital from September 2020 to May 2021, and divided these patients into a study group and a control group using a random number table method. The patients in the control group used conventional nursing methods to treat and care for the patients, and the patients in the study group used hospice care measures and combined personalized nursing measures. The quality of life and pain treatment effects of the two groups of patients before and after treatment were compared. Result Before treatment, the quality-of-life scores of the two groups of patients were low, and there was no statistical difference (P>0.05); After treatment, the quality of life of the two groups of patients improved, but compared with the control group, the improvement was more obvious in the study group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In terms of pain treatment effect, the total effective rate of pain treatment in the study group was 87.5%, which was significantly better than the 62.5% in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Personalized nursing services and hospice care are conducive to improving the survival and treatment of elderly patients with advanced cancer, and can be used as a clinical application program for the care of advanced cancer patients.

Cellular Bioenergetic and Metabolic Changes in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gevezova ◽  
Danail Minchev ◽  
Iliana Pacheva ◽  
Yordan Sbirkov ◽  
Ralitsa Yordanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
And Gender

Background: Although Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is considered a heterogeneous neurological disease in childhood, a growing body of evidence associates it with mitochondrial dysfunction explaining the observed comorbidities. Introduction: The aim of this study is to identify variations in cellular bioenergetics and metabolism dependent on mitochondrial function in ASD patients and healthy controls using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We hypothesized that PBMCs may reveal the cellular pathology and provide evidence of bioenergetic and metabolic changes accompanying the disease. Method: PBMC from children with ASD and a control group of the same age and gender were isolated. All patients underwent an in-depth clinical evaluation. A well-characterized cohort of Bulgarian children was selected. Bioenergetic and metabolic studies of isolated PBMCs were performed with a Seahorse XFp analyzer. Result: Our data show that PBMCs from patients with ASD have increased respiratory reserve capacity (by 27.5%), increased maximal respiration (by 67%) and altered adaptive response to oxidative stress induced by DMNQ. In addition, we demonstrate а strong dependence on fatty acids and impaired ability to reprogram cell metabolism. The listed characteristics are not observed in the control group. These results can contribute to a better understanding of the underlying causes of ASD, which is crucial for selecting a successful treatment. Conclusion: The current study, for the first time, provides a functional analysis of cell bioenergetics and metabolic changes in a group of Bulgarian patients with ASD. It reveals physiological abnormalities that do not allow mitochondria to adapt and meet the increased energetic requirements of the cell. The link between mitochondria and ASD is not yet fully understood, but this may lead to the discovery of new approaches for nutrition and therapy.

scholarly journals Effect of Tooth Agenesis on Mandibular Morphology and Position

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11876
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Jurek ◽  
Dariusz Gozdowski ◽  
Ewa Monika Czochrowska ◽  
Małgorzata Zadurska
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Tooth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tooth Agenesis ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Mandibular Position ◽  
Mandibular Body ◽  
Dental Abnormality ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Tooth Buds

Congenital missing teeth (OMIM #106600) is the most common dental abnormality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of tooth agenesis on the total mandibular length, length of the mandibular body and alveolar process, and the mandibular anteroposterior position. The material was obtained from the Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Warsaw. The study group included 116 patients aged 9–18 years with a congenital absence of at least two permanent tooth buds in the maxilla and/or mandible (mean: 6.2 teeth missing/patient). All patients were Caucasians: 68 (59%) females and 48 (41%) males. The control group included 115 patients without tooth agenesis matched with the age and gender of the study group. A cephalometric analysis was performed, and it was focused on assessing anteroposterior mandibular measurements. This assessment was based on 17 measurements (12 linear and 5 angular). Statistical analysis of the cephalometric measurements between the study group and the control group showed significant changes regarding selected mandibular measurements. Tooth agenesis does not affect the total length of the mandible and the length of the mandibular body, but it might reduce the length of the mandibular arch length and result in a more retrusive mandibular position.

scholarly journals True and Pseudo Cholinesterase levels in short and long-term of pesticides exposures

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdul Rahman ◽  
Raghunatha Rao D ◽  
Vasantha L
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Cholinesterase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chronic Poisoning ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

The present study is aimed to study and analyze the true and pseudo Cholinesterase levels in the subjects exposed to pesticides during short term by intentional or accidental intake and long term exposure due to their occupation were studied at Department of Biochemistry, SVS medical college and hospital mahbubnagar district. Whole blood cholinesterase levels and Pseudo cholinesterase levels were estimated. 150 people were taken as controls who had no medical illness and a total number of 300 cases of pesticide poisoning were selected, aged between 20 to 55 years, which consist of 150 acute poisoning and 150 chronic poisoning subjects in Mahbubnagar district, were taken as case study, the detailed case history and the type of organophosphorus pesticide taken were recorded. Mean and standard deviation (S.D) of all variables were calculated and compared with those of controls. Statistical significance was assessed and P-value <0.05 were considered significant.           During acute poisoning the mean value of Whole blood cholinesterase/True cholinesterase (U / L) in acute poisoning cases on first day was 1.267± 0.612 on 3th day was 1.651±0.647, on 7th day was 2.221±0.684 and at the end of 6 months was 3.970±0.404.The difference between the study group and control group (4.0 ± 0.39) was found to be statistically significant in1st, 3rd, 7th day but not significant at the end of 6 months. The mean value of serum cholinesterase/pseudo cholinesterase (U/L) in acute poisoning cases on first day was 2213.05 ± 1749.81, on 3th day was 2862.3 ± 2025.6, on 7th day was 4008.4 ± 2355.9 and at the end of 6 months was 7708.34 ± 880.72.The difference between the study group and control group (7991.97 ± 1276.5) was found to be statistically significant in1st, 3rd, 7th day but not significant at the end of 6 months. During chronic poisoning (exposure) the mean value of Whole blood cholinesterase (U/L) in controls is 4.0 ± 0.39 as compared to 3.019 ± 0.848 in cases of chronic poisoning. The difference between the study group and control group was found to be statistically significant. The mean value of serum cholinesterase/pseudo cholinesterase (U/L) in controls was 7991.97 ± 1276.5 as compared to 6214 ± 1189 in cases of chronic poisoning. The difference between the study group and control group was found to be statistically significant.

scholarly journals A randomised, open label comparative study of hydroxychloroquine with betamethasone oral mini pulse in the management of patients with alopecia areata

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Jeyasudha Jambusayee ◽  
Kulur Mukhyaprana Sudha
Keyword(s):  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Pulse Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder causing patchy hair loss on scalp and other parts of the body and leading to poor self-esteem and anxiety in patients. Treatment with topical or systemic drugs like steroids or other immunosuppressants is associated with adverse effects. Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug, with T cell modulating function. This study was undertaken to assess the safety, efficacy and tolerability of Hydroxychloroquine in Alopecia areata compared to betamethasone oral mini pulse (OMP) therapy. Methods: 60 patients with alopecia areata were randomized into two groups of 30 each. Control group received tab. betamethasone 5 mg/day on two consecutive days of week for 12 weeks and Study group received tab. hydroxychloroquine 200 mg/day for 12 weeks. They were followed-up for further 12 weeks. Scale of alopecia tool, dermatology life quality index and global assessment at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks were used to assess the outcome.Results: 94 patients were screened and 60 patients were included. All patients completed the study. At the end of 12 weeks, there was a statistically significant reduction in SALT and DLQI scores in both control and study groups. But at the end of 24 weeks, the study group showed an increase in the scores. Relapses were more in the study group. No significant difference in the incidence of adverse events was noted between the two groups.Conclusions: Hydroxychloroquine 200 mg/day is less efficacious in the management of alopecia areata in comparison to betamethasone oral mini pulse therapy.

scholarly journals The Role of P53 in Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Peter Michael Reil ◽  
Teodor Traian Maghiar ◽  
Karlheinz Seidl ◽  
Claudia Teodora Judea Pusta ◽  
Ciprian Borza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Septic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Septic cardiomyopathy remains a difficult medical problem to manage in critically ill patients. With all currently available therapeutic options, the mortality rate in these patients remains high. Our study included 29 patients diagnosed clinically with sepsis. A control group was used to compare the results. In all patients, p53 expression was assessed in cardiac tissue obtained from these patients and a statistical correlation was made with clinical data. The different expression rates of p53 do not correlate with patient’s age, having appropriate means in years, but with an increasing tendency with increasing expression (p=0.2110). The pulmonary infections are responsible for the majority of the septic state in the study group (over 55%). The difference between the infection sites is statistically significant (p<0.0001).

scholarly journals The thickness changes of retina in high myopia patients during the third trimester of pregnancy: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenchen Liu ◽  
Puying Wei ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Average Thickness ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives To observe and compare the difference in retinal thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT) between patients with high myopia (HM) during the third trimester of pregnancy and age-matched HM non-pregnant women. Methods A case-control study. A total of 39 eyes from 39 HM women in the third trimester (study group) and 50 eyes of 50 age-matched non-pregnant women with HM (control group) were included. All subjects underwent SD-OCT examination. The built-in software was used to measure the retinal thickness in macular region. The data from two groups were compared using independent-samples t test. Results Among the 89 subjects in this study, the mean gestational age of the study group was 35.09 ± 2.44 weeks, and the average age was 32.24 ± 3.75 years. The average age of the control group was 34.04 ± 7.19 years old. Compared with the control group, the average thickness of parafoveal area, and the average thickness of parafoveal superior, inferior, temporal quadrants of the superficial retina and the average thickness of the foveal and parafoveal of the superficial retina were significantly decreased in the study group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the average thickness of all quadrants of the retina in the parafoveal area except the nasal quadrant were significantly decreased in the study group (P < 0.05). Conclusions In this observational study, the retinal thickness of patients with high myopia during the third trimester of pregnancy was thinner than that of non-pregnant women with age-matched high myopia.

A Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate Attached Hamstring Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Maturity With Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1143-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohua Liu ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Hongyue Tao ◽  
Yaying Sun ◽  
Shiyi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Hamstring Tendon ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Tibial Insertion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Background: The hamstring tendons are commonly harvested for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with detachment of the tibial insertion. Retaining the insertion may help to preserve vascularity and viability of the graft and bypass the stages of avascular necrosis and revascularization, which might be beneficial to graft maturity. Purpose: To investigate and compare graft maturity by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after ACL reconstruction with preservation or detachment of hamstring tendon tibial insertion at up to 2 years. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Forty-five patients (age range, 18-45 years) undergoing isolated ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendon were enrolled and randomized to 2 groups. The tibial insertion of the hamstring tendon was preserved in the study group (n = 21) and detached in the control group (n = 24). Patients had follow-up at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months, which consisted of the following: (1) clinical examination and (2) MRI evaluation of graft signal intensity based on signal/noise quotient (SNQ) values. Finally, 18 patients in the study group and 19 in the control group received full follow-up evaluation (ie, at all 4 time points). Results: All knees acquired full range of motion at 24 months without significant laxity. At each time point, the KT-1000 arthrometer revealed no significant difference between groups; the clinical scores significantly improved in both groups, although the difference between groups was not significant. In the control group, the SNQ value increased from 3 months, peaked at 6 months, and then decreased (3 months, 21.4 ± 12.7; 6 months, 25.6 ± 12; 12 months, 18.3 ± 7.7; 24 months, 15.3 ± 6.3). However, the insertion-preserved graft in the study group maintained relatively lower and unchanged signal intensity throughout all time points (3 months, 15.0 ± 11.2; 6 months, 14.9 ± 6.3; 12 months, 12.6 ± 7.0; 24 months, 14.6 ± 7.0). Between groups, there was no significant difference at 3 or 24 months ( P = .11 and .75, respectively), while the SNQ values were significantly lower in the study group versus the control group at 6 and 12 months ( P = .002 and .02, respectively). Conclusion: The insertion-detached hamstring tendon grafts underwent a significantly increasing change in signal intensity during the first 2 years after ACL reconstruction, while the insertion-preserved grafts kept a relatively lower and unchanged signal intensity. The difference was most significant at 6 and 12 months postoperatively.

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