scholarly journals Methodology of speed qualities development of police officers for actions in extreme situations of operational activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Stanislav Naumenko ◽  
Mikhail Kulikov
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
External Signal ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Speed Of Response ◽  
Service Activities ◽  
Operational Activities

The article considers the scientific foundations of the pedagogical approach to the study and development of speed qualities, in particular, the reaction speed and functional capacities of a person who provides professional training of police officers and athletes. During the research, the features of the speed qualities development, in particular the speed of reaction, were studied by means of physical training, with the help of which it is possible to achieve maximum speed of response, and, on this basis, to form stable skills for counteraction in emergency situations related to service-applied activities. A set of factors determining the speed of response to an external signal is considered. Methods for the growth of speed in the training process serve as the basis for the progress of this quality in relation to the operational and service activities of police officers. The article presents the most effective methods of speed development, aimed both at improving this physical quality, and contributing to the formation of the necessary motor skills for the successful fulfillment of operational-service tasks and for competing. Speed qualities are complex in their structure, including the time of the motor reaction, the speed of a single movement, the frequency of movements, etc. These complexity and diversity should be taken into account during the training of high-speed abilities of police officers for actions in extreme situations of operational and service activities, and a special emphasis on the acquisition and development of new motor skills and abilities should be made.

Police Officer Interactions with In-vehicle Technologies: An On-Road Investigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1976-1980
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Shahini ◽  
Maryam Zahabi ◽  
Ben Patranella ◽  
Ashiq Mohammed Abdul Razak
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Short Exposure Time ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Simulated Environment ◽  
Vehicle Technology ◽  
Vehicle Technologies

Police motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of officers’ fatalities in line of duty. These crashes have been attributed not only to driving at high speed in emergency situations but more importantly to interaction with different in-vehicle technologies. Prior studies in this domain have been limited to specific equipment and short exposure time and were typically conducted in laboratory settings with simulated environment or tasks which limit their generalizability to actual police operations. The objective of this study was to identify the most frequently used and cognitively demanding in-vehicle technologies for police officers while driving. Ten officers participated in a three-hour ride-along study. Findings suggested that the mobile computer terminal is the most frequently used and visually and cognitively demanding in-vehicle technology for police officers. Other factors such as work shift, duration, and average time spent in the vehicle per shift can also affect workload. The results indicated the need for improvements in in-vehicle technology design and implementation, officer training protocols, and departmental policies in order to reduce officers’ mental workload and improve safety in police operations.

scholarly journals Practice-oriented tasks as a means of teaching mathematics to cadets of fire-technical specialties

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Aleksandra S. Grebеnkina
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Mathematical Basis ◽  
Mathematical Skills ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Service Activities ◽  
Mathematical Problems

The article is devoted to the problem of mathematical training of future fire safety engineers. In the process of training, cadets should have developed mathematical thinking, focused on the problems of civil protection. The basis for the formation of such thinking is the implementation of practice-oriented teaching of mathematics. Practice-oriented mathematical problems are an effective teaching tool. In the process of training specialists in fire-technical specialties, such tasks ensure the assimilation of mathematical concepts in the context of their interpretation in the professional field of activity of rescue engineers; creation of the mathematical basis necessary for studying the disciplines of the professional training cycle; development of the skill of constructing mathematical models of processes and phenomena in the field of protection of the population and territories. In this work, the author's definition of a practice-oriented mathematical problem is given, reflecting the real conditions of the service activities of specialists of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Requirements for the content of such tasks for cadets of fire-technical specialties are formulated. A classification of practice-oriented tasks is proposed, taking into account the specifics of the future service activities of fire and technosphere safety engineers. Mathematical skills and abilities are indicated, the formation of which presents each type of problem, the corresponding practice-oriented mathematical skills necessary in the practical activities of civil protection specialists. Examples of tasks of all considered types are given.

scholarly journals Key factors for improving the effectiveness of professional training of police officers to use firearms

KANT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-379
Author(s):  
Evgeny Svetlichny ◽  
Olga Panova ◽  
Nadezhda Nefedova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Universal System ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Operational Activities

The article considers the issues of determining the factors affecting the quality of the performance of their professional functions by the police. The necessity of creating a flexible universal system of professional training for law enforcement officers of Russia, taking into account the peculiarities of their operational activities, is substantiated. Gaps in the organization of vocational training are noted and ways to address them are indicated.

scholarly journals Specific Absolute Velocity Thresholds during Male Basketball Games Using Local Positional System; Differences between Age Categories

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4390
Author(s):  
Carlos Sosa ◽  
Alberto Lorenzo ◽  
Juan Trapero ◽  
Carlos Ribas ◽  
Enrique Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Large Effect Size ◽  
Moderate Effect Size ◽  
Positional System ◽  
Moderate Effect ◽  
Distance Zone

The aim of this study was (I) to establish absolute specific velocity thresholds during basketball games using local positional system (LPS) and (II) to compare the speed profiles between various levels of competitions. The variables recorded were total distance (TD); meters per minute (m·min); real time (min); maximum speed (Km h−1), distance (m), percentage distance, and percentage duration invested in four speed zones (standing–walking; jogging; running; and high-speed running). Mean and standard deviation (±SD) were calculated, and a separate one-way analysis of variance was undertaken to identify differences between competitions. TD (3188.84 ± 808.37 m) is covered by standing–walking (43.51%), jogging (36.58%), running (14.68%), and sprinting (5.23%) activities. Overall, 75.22% of the time is invested standing–walking, jogging (18.43%), running (4.77%), and sprinting (1.89%). M·min (large effect size), % duration zone 2 (moderate effect size); distance zone 4 (large effect size), and % distance zone 4 (very large effect size) are significantly higher during junior than senior. However, % distance zone 1 (large effect size) and % duration zone 1 (large effect size) were largely higher during senior competition. The findings of this study reveal that most of the distance and play time is spent during walking and standing activities. In addition, the proportion of time spent at elevated intensities is higher during junior than in senior competition.

High-Speed End Milling Using a Feedforward Control Architecture

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Tung ◽  
M. Tomizuka ◽  
Y. Urushisaki
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Feedforward Control ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Phase Error ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Frequency Domain Analysis ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Drive Control ◽  
Machining Errors ◽  
Feedforward Controller

Experiments are performed for end milling aluminum at 15,000 RPM spindle speed (1,508 m/min cutting speed) and up to 3 m/min table feedrate using an experimental machine tool control system. A digital feedforward controller for feed drive control incorporates the Zero Phase Error Tracking Controller (ZPETC) and feedforward friction compensation. The controller achieves near-perfect (±3 μm) tracking over a 26 mm trajectory with a maximum speed of 2 m/min. The maximum contouring error for a 26 mm diameter circle at this speed is less than 4 μm. Tracking and contouring experiments are conducted for table feedrates as high as 10 m/min. Frequency domain analysis demonstrates that the feedforward controller achieves a bandwidth of 10 Hz without phase distortion. In a direct comparison of accuracy, the machining errors in specimens produced by the experimental controller were up to 20 times smaller than the errors in specimens machined by an industrial CNC.

Factors Associated With Police Decisions on Immediate Responses to Intimate Partner Violence

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 2993-3010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merete Berg Nesset ◽  
Johan Håkon Bjørngaard ◽  
Jim Aage Nøttestad ◽  
Richard Whittington ◽  
Cecilie Lynum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Violence Risk ◽  
Lethal Violence ◽  
Emergency Situations

Police officers are often the first responders to intimate partner violence. The aim of the study was to examine the association between structured police assessments on-site in cases of intimate partner violence, and decisions about immediate arrest of the perpetrator and/or relocation of the victim. Data were extracted from police reports on 124 emergency visits in cases of intimate partner violence perpetrated by men toward women. Six out of totally 15 items of the intimate partner violence risk assessment measure B-SAFER were used by the front line police officers as the basis for decisions on whether or not to arrest the perpetrator or relocate the victim. The six items: perpetrator violent acts, violent threats or thoughts, escalation of violence, substance use problems, mental health problems, and breach of no-contact order, were selected on the basis of their utility in emergency situations. There were increased odds of arrest on-site if the perpetrator was physically violent (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0-7.7) or had substance problems (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI = [1.0- 5.2]). There were increased odds of victim relocation if the perpetrator had mental health problems (AOR = 7.4, 95% CI = [2.4-23.1]) or if children were present on-site (AOR = 3.1, 95% CI = [1.1- 8.6]). In contrast, escalation of violence was associated with reduced odds of the perpetrator being arrested (AOR = 0.4, 95% CI = [0.1- 0.9]) or the victim being relocated (AOR = 0.4, 95% CI = [0.1- 1.3]). The finding that the police did not immediately respond to escalation, potentially signaling lethal violence needs to be addressed.

Control of a lamination process

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Whalley ◽  
M Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Design Validation ◽  
Control Effort ◽  
Speed Of Response ◽  
Feedback Compensation ◽  
Lamination Process ◽  
Compensation Design

A high-speed laminating machine for a fabric coating and conversion process is considered. Following analysis procedures, state-space and the admittance transfer function descriptions for the system are derived. Regulation of the fabric tension owing to heat shrinkage and environmental and coating variations is necessary. An optimum, minimum control effort strategy is proposed, enabling simple cost effective regulation, without the use of active elements. The speed of response of the system is improved by the use of feedback compensation. Design validation, via simulation, obtaining the open- and closed-loop system responses is employed, demonstrating the achievement of smooth, almost monotonic variations in tension following reference changes, as specified.

Interface Features of the DDR SDRAM Memory Test Diagnostic Device

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 282-290
Author(s):  
S.V. Volobuev ◽  
◽  
V.G. Ryabtsev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Diagnostic Device ◽  
Semiconductor Memory ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Memory Modules ◽  
Electronic Elements ◽  
Synchronization Scheme ◽  
Test Diagnostics

The I/О synchronization scheme plays an important role in achieving maximum speed and reliability of data transmission during memory operation. This paper presents the interface architecture of the DDR SDRAM test diagnostic device. It was demonstrated that the proposed interface components provide the formation of a bidirectional synchro signal for gating written and read data when performing test diagnostics of chips and DDR SDRAM memory devices. Compared to traditional methods, the proposed interface components were made on integrated electronic elements, which reduced the size and power consumption. It has been established that the use of a multiphase synchronization system to implement the interface eliminated the use of delay lines, the disadvantages of which are large dimensions and the complexity of changing the delay time. The interface components under consideration are intended for use in test diagnostics devices that have a multiprocessor structure, which increases the speed of forming test actions and reference reactions. The performed functional modeling and debugging of strobe signal generators confirmed the feasibility of the designs. The proposed interface of the test diagnostics device allows performing test diagnostics of modern high-speed chips and semiconductor memory modules at the operating frequency, which increases the reliability of the results obtained. Interface components can be used by manufacturers of test diagnostics tools for modern high-speed storage devices.

scholarly journals Numerical Study of Longitudinal Inter-Distance and Operational Characteristics for High-Speed Capsular Train Systems

Vehicles ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Bruce W. Jo
Keyword(s):  
Error Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Integer Number ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Start Time ◽  
Distance Control

High-speed capsular vehicles are firstly suggested as an idea by Elon Musk of Tesla Company. Unlike conventional high-speed trains, capsular vehicles are individual vessels carrying passengers and freight with the expected maximum speed of near 1200 [km/h] in a near-vacuum tunnel. More individual vehicle speed, dispatch, and position control in the operational aspect are expected over connected trains. This numerical study and investigation evaluate and analyze inter-distance control and their characteristics for high-speed capsular vehicles and their operational aspects. Among many aspects of operation, the inter-distance of multiple vehicles is critical toward passenger/freight flow rate and infrastructural investment. In this paper, the system’s equation, equation of the motion, and various characteristics of the system are introduced, and in particular control design parameters for inter-distance control and actuation are numerically shown. As a conclusion, (1) Inter-distance between vehicles is a function of error rate and second car start time, the magnitude range is determined by second car start time, (2) Inter-distance fluctuation rate is a function of error rate and second car start time, however; it can be minimized by choosing the correct second car start time, and (3) If the second car start time is chosen an integer number of push-down cycle time at specific velocity error rate, the inter-distance fluctuation can be zero.

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