scholarly journals PRAGMATISM OF CUSTOMS REGULATION OF THE CONSUMER MARKET IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Inna HUTSUL ◽  
Kateryna KRYSOVATA
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Main Element ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators

Introduction. The customs regulation of the consumer market is one of the main universally recognized means of implementing state economic policy, a tool for fulfilling internal tasks. The main work in improving customs regulation of the consumer market should be aimed at increasing the competitiveness of domestic producers, promoting domestic and foreign investment for the national economy, as well as the development of new progressive and harmonized with European practice systems of product standardization and certification. The purpose of the article is to identify pragmatic aspects of customs and tariff regulation of the consumer market, systematization of vectors to increase the efficiency of state regulation of the consumer market of Ukraine. Methods. Methods of dialectical analysis and synthesis, as well as methods of logical generalization, comparison and formalization are used in the research. Results. The essence and social role of the consumer market are studied. Emphasis is placed on the need for state regulation of the consumer market using customs tools. It is established that the development of the consumer market is determined by changes in macroeconomic indicators, among which one of the key is retail trade. The share of the population's expenditures on the purchase of goods and services in the amount of total expenditures (revenues) was monitored. It is revealed that the main element of customs and tariff regulation of the consumer market of Ukraine is the customs tariff. Based on the results of the study of theoretical and practical principles of customs regulation of consumer Ukraine, measures were systematized that will improve the efficiency of its implementation, sustainable and progressive development. Prospects. Further research will focus on the implementation of innovative approaches to international customs regulation, in particular in the European Union, in national practice in order to improve the efficiency of the consumer market.

scholarly journals Regulation of the domestic consumer market in the national economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Olena Trokhymets ◽  
Olga Galtsova ◽  
Anatolii Livinskyi
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Price Regulation ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Fixed Prices ◽  
Methodological Principles

Introduction. Socially significant goods and services is the complex that includes a certain list of food products, certain types of products present in the domestic consumer market, which are sold at fixed prices. The regulation of the market for socially oriented goods and services requires regulation of consumer behavior and an optimal behavioral approach, which can help to improve the well-being of the population. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological principles and conceptual provisions for the regulation of the domestic consumer market in terms of socially significant goods and services in Ukraine. Results. A conceptual approach to socially oriented goods and services has been developed for the better functioning of the domestic consumer market. At the same time, it is important to take into account that the approach is built taking into account the principles: accountability and responsibility, predictability, consistency and consistency: efficiency, adaptability, social justice. The mechanism of state regulation of the market of socially significant goods and services has been improved. The concept of state regulation of the market of socially oriented goods and services is presented. The process of implementing the concept should include full interaction of all elements of state regulation of the market of socially significant goods and services. The purpose of the concept is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological aspects of state regulation of the market of socially significant goods and services in Ukraine. Conclusion. A conceptual approach to the regulation of the market of socially oriented goods and services is presented, which consists in the application of all components, namely the legislative aspect, the economic aspect of market regulation of socially significant goods and services taking into account factors influencing the regulation of domestic consumer market and legislative aspects of price regulation for socially oriented goods and services. The concept presents three components of socially oriented goods and services. State regulation is applied to each of the components (price regulation, regulation of the industry – in some industries, which are producers and suppliers of socially oriented goods and services, natural monopolies operate). Compliance principles of market regulation of socially oriented goods and services would ensure the appropriate and rational consumption of the goods by the population.

scholarly journals Conceptual Principles of State Regulation of Industry on the Basis of New Industrial Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Eduard SHCHEPANSKIY
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Full Range ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

It is proved that for effective state regulation of industry it is necessary to pursue a clear, high-quality and purposeful state industrial policy. To do this, we should use the full range of available mechanisms and tools. In the course of the research it was established that industrial policy means a set of measures of state regulation of economic processes at the sectoral and corporate levels, aimed at stimulating innovation activity, structural adjustment of the economy and economic growth. The necessity of pursuing the new industrial policy, which can be defined as a policy of maintaining competitiveness, is substantiated. It is determined that the process of state regulation of industry is a set of actions of the state as an institution used to influence the activities of economic entities (enterprises, corporations, entrepreneurs, etc.), as well as certain aspects of this activity related to acquisition of factors of production, organization of production, distribution and sale of goods and services in all phases of the life cycle of the business entity and the life cycle of its products. State regulation based on industrial policy has both positive and critical statements, the essence of which depends on the subject under discussion, namely, policy as a set of state measures and policy as a means to achieve political goals. It is proposed to allocate a list of new conditions for the implementation of effective state regulation of industry on the basis of state industrial policy, which form the conceptual basis of the new industrial policy. The main (basic) characteristics of state regulation of industry on the basis of traditional and new industrial policy are given, where the scenarios of traditional (vertical) policy and new (horizontal) policy are based. Based on the analysis of the practice of state regulation of industry in the European Union, priority areas of regulation have been identified, namely: increasing competitiveness through the development of new markets; strengthening of innovative activity, development of knowledge-intensive businesses; accelerating the process of restructuring companies and industries; improving the institutional and legislative environment; protection of intellectual and property rights; improving the quality and skills of the workforce.

scholarly journals STRATEGIC DIRECTION OF STATE REGULATION OF TRADE ACTIVITIES IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Melnichuk ◽  
◽  
Marina Martynenko ◽  
Iryna Vinnyk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Strategic Direction ◽  
Individual Enterprise ◽  
Regulation Policy ◽  
Effective Development

The subject of the study is the strategic aspects of state regulation of trade activities in Ukraine. The article presents the state of domestic and foreign trade activities, as well as the place of the state in the regulation and development of the domestic and foreign markets. The concept of a mechanism for regulating the activities of commercial enterprises in the context of a fall in the level of national production with a significant import volume at the same time is revealed. The role and place of the state in the management of foreign and domestic trade, as well as the relationship between the state and the subjects of the domestic and international market, are considered. It is established that the system of state regulation measures should ensure the functioning of a competitive environment for all market participants, while ensuring the effectiveness of fair legal regulation of consumer protection, replacing managerial FSCS with regulatory ones. The objective necessity of regulatory policy and its impact on the effective development of retail trade of each individual enterprise and the domestic market as a whole is justified. The tools of the state body regulating the sphere of trade and the possible consequences of their application with clearly defined functions and powers to support innovations in this sphere of activity are considered. The analysis of the most significant legislative documents is made. The main problems and imbalances in the development of trade activities as a result of inadequate attention of the state to trade issues are identified. According to the results of the study, promising areas for improving the state's regulation of domestic and foreign trade are identified, based on the examples of world experience and the laws of progressive development of trade activities, which demonstrates the need for the state to guarantee a balance of interests of consumers, producers and network trading companies.The directions of improvement of the state regulation policy that will contribute to the development of trade and effective entry of Ukraine into the world community are highlighted.

Trade and Culture

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry A. Chase
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Green Light ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Entertainment Media ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
State Action ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Government Aid

Government policies to protect and promote national culture are a perennial issue in the trading system. Controversy over trade and culture, in almost every instance, swirls around entertainment media—mainly movies, television, video, and music. The object of contention is that many states employ an assortment of financial, trade, and regulatory measures to subsidize locally produced entertainment, restrict imports, and favor national content over foreign content. Such measures often impede trade, pitting commercial interests in open markets and free choice against calls for state action to mitigate trade’s social repercussions. Differing perspectives on the motives behind these policies typify disputes over trade and culture. In one view, state regulation of entertainment media is cultural policy, an essential means of preserving a nation’s identity, culture, and way of life. From another vantage point, these policies are backdoor protectionism, a handout to local business and labor under the guise of cultural preservation. The problem of trade and culture therefore raises basic questions about politics: Why do states subsidize production and restrict imports? What drives political demands for trade protection and government aid? How can variation in policy responses be understood? In the World Trade Organization (WTO), disputes over trade and culture center on two related issues. The first is inclusion of a “cultural exception” in trade rules to green-light, on cultural grounds, state actions that interfere with trade in entertainment media. Although there is no cultural exception in the WTO, pressure to accommodate the “specificity” of entertainment media as a cultural phenomenon has complicated trade negotiations and at times required give and take to placate the opposing sides. The second issue is policy liberalization in entertainment media, which has lagged behind market opening in many other goods and services. Deadlock over trade and culture has inspired some WTO members to explore other options: the European Union (EU) and Canada spearheaded the push for a Convention on Cultural Diversity, and the United States has pursued policy liberalization in a series of free trade agreements. Important political questions again crop up: Why has culture stalemated the WTO, and why haven’t trade linkages like those for health safety standards been institutionalized for trade and culture? Why do international political alignments on this problem form as they do? What explains the design of trade rules for entertainment media, and what is the trade regime’s impact on state policy? The age-old conflict over trade and culture continues to play out and shows no signs of abating.

scholarly journals impact of the transnationalization process on the consumer market of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana V. Kniazieva ◽  
Anna V. Shevchenko ◽  
Hanna A. Radchenko ◽  
Olena S. Komova ◽  
Liliia O. Pankova
Keyword(s):  
Import Substitution ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Investment Demand ◽  
Production Increase

During the research it was found that globalization in no way affects the content of monopoly capital, which had changed its form because of existence of transnationalization process. The increasing number of transnational corporations not only enhances engagement with the state at the nowadays process of globalization. Minimization the negative consequences of transnational corporations on the consumer market, providing the country’s food security suggested the implementation of a strategy of import substitution and reasonable protectionism. It triggers upgrades foreign economic strategies, improves institutional and organizational and economic efforts of state regulation to ensure the protection of the boundaries of the consumer market. Here are target goals are defined: growth of own production; increase in investment demand; increasing non-raw exports through the export of high-tech, knowledge-based goods and services; intensification of measures within the system of integrated export support.

An econometric analysis of retail turnover in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1133-1153
Author(s):  
A.T. Kozinova
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Econometric Analysis ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Economic Instability ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators

Subject. The article deals with econometric analysis of retail turnover in Russia and its relationship with macroeconomic indicators, like real disposable household income, consumer prices, etc. Objectives. The purpose is to create effective models to analyze the retail turnover in Russia and its relationship with other macroeconomic indicators, taking into account the existence of periods of economic instability. Methods. I apply correlation and regression methods to analyze statistics. To quantify changes in the retail turnover of Russia during the periods of economic instability, I use dummy variables. Results. The Russia’s retail trade turnover index had a reverse and moderate relationship with the consumer price index, direct and strong relationship with the indices of real disposable household income and imports, direct relationship with the manufacturing index. I offer statistically significant regression models of Russia’s retail turnover with the said macroeconomic indicators. Conclusions. The main advantage of models of retail turnover that are built using a large number of observations is a greater number of simultaneously considered factors. The quantitative assessment of retail turnover elasticity by consumer prices confirms the need for inflation targeting by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. The higher elasticity of retail turnover in manufacturing as compared with the imports denotes the importance of import substitution policy.

Research and approaches to the integration processes in the European Union

2017 ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Alexander Motsyk
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Fourth Level ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Political Groups ◽  
Integration Levels

The article is devoted to the study of modern trends of integration processes. We studied the methodological principles and approaches to the study of the integration of subjects. Specifically analyzed integration levels: individual, regional, domestic, interstate, global. Also, isolated and characterized various forms of integration: political, economic, informational, cultural and others. We analyzed the integration process as a result of the relationship, cooperation, convergence and integration into a single unit of any parts, components countries, their economies, social and political structures, cultural, social and political groups, ethnic groups, political parties, movements and organizations. It is proved that integration has several levels of development. Interaction at the level of enterprises and organizations (first level) – directly to producers of goods and services. The integration of the economies of the main links of different countries is complemented by the interaction at the country level (the second level). The third level of development of integration processes – interaction at the level of parties and organizations, social groups and individuals from different countries – can be defined as a social and political one. Fourth level – is the level of the actual integration group as an economic community, with its characteristics and peculiarities. It was noted that today is used by political science approaches to the study of integration. It is important to the following principles: federalism, functionalism, communicative approach, and others. Keywords: Integration, levels, approaches, studies, European integration, politics, economics, features

State regulation of the social work profession: an example from Poland

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimiera Wódz ◽  
Krystyna Faliszek
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Professional Autonomy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
New Members ◽  
The Social ◽  
Polish Government ◽  
And Control

This chapter examines how regulation from the state can shape conditions and practices for welfare professions. New members of the European Union, such as Poland, often lack a tradition of social work as an integral part of the welfare state. Challenges for these countries are both to educate social workers and to create legislative solutions stipulating the responsibilities and professional jurisdiction of the social work profession. In the chapter, it is argued that strong regulation and control from the Polish government has resulted in the standardisation of social work. This has curtailed professional autonomy in a manner that is unfavourable to social workers as well as to clients.

Privatization in the Water Industry

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-123
Author(s):  
R. Andreas Kraemer
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Water Industry ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Management Institutions ◽  
And Control

Throughout the world, privatization of water supply and the sewerage services is a controversial topic of political debate. Any nationalization, privatization, municipalization, or alteration in the regulatory regime constitutes a significant change of the institutional mechanism of water management. This article, based on a comparative analysis of water management institutions in selected member states of the European Union, addresses water supply and sewerage services in conurbations with centralized supplies. A brief characterization of water services and the water industry is provided in the context of global water policy developments. Three typical regulatory models are described: the British, based on centralized public policy and surrogate competition by statistical comparison; the French, based on competition for temporary monopolies; and the German or middle-European, based on competition for goods and services and control of limited operational monopolies. A typology of privatization is also presented. This article does not seek to argue that one model is better than another.

scholarly journals STATE REGULATION OF AGRICULTURE IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Salamin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Regulatory Policy ◽  
Stable State ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Market ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Market Relations

Problems of state regulation of agriculture in Ukraine are analyzed. It is shown that all problems will be solved automatically in the initial stages of agricultural reform on a market basis. It was believed that market levers operate automatically. Without the established agricultural market and its infrastructure, the liberalization of economic activity has only exacerbated the problems. In the following periods, regulatory acts were aimed at solving certain problems without defining strategic goals for agricultural development. The efforts of state agricultural management bodies are aimed at bringing regulatory policy closer to the model used in the European Union. Similar approaches are often copied without regard for the state of agriculture in Ukraine and the level of market relations. A feature of agriculture in Ukraine is the inadequate level of infrastructure of the agricultural market. Because of this, prices for agricultural products are not generated by the market, but they are formed under the monopoly influence of certain structures. Prices are very variable. It is very difficult for manufacturers to adapt to such prices. In such conditions, especially large business entities are developing rapidly. Their activities are aimed at bringing products to foreign markets where prices are more stable. State farm support programs do not provide the necessary results. There are not natural processes of transformation personal farms into commodity farms. It is proposed that the state regulatory policy can be aimed at creating self-regulatory economic systems in which prices would be formed to all participants in market relations without direct state influence. It is acceptable to organize product processing and branded trade in sales cooperatives. The need to expand the functions of wholesale markets for agricultural products is substantiated. It is expedient to direct the funds of state support for wholesale markets for agricultural products to establish branches of these markets. They would provide transport services to small producers, store products, at the direction of the owners, organize auctions. This will ensure the overcoming of isolation from market relations of small businesses, their production of competitive products.

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