scholarly journals Conceptual Principles of State Regulation of Industry on the Basis of New Industrial Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Eduard SHCHEPANSKIY
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Full Range ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

It is proved that for effective state regulation of industry it is necessary to pursue a clear, high-quality and purposeful state industrial policy. To do this, we should use the full range of available mechanisms and tools. In the course of the research it was established that industrial policy means a set of measures of state regulation of economic processes at the sectoral and corporate levels, aimed at stimulating innovation activity, structural adjustment of the economy and economic growth. The necessity of pursuing the new industrial policy, which can be defined as a policy of maintaining competitiveness, is substantiated. It is determined that the process of state regulation of industry is a set of actions of the state as an institution used to influence the activities of economic entities (enterprises, corporations, entrepreneurs, etc.), as well as certain aspects of this activity related to acquisition of factors of production, organization of production, distribution and sale of goods and services in all phases of the life cycle of the business entity and the life cycle of its products. State regulation based on industrial policy has both positive and critical statements, the essence of which depends on the subject under discussion, namely, policy as a set of state measures and policy as a means to achieve political goals. It is proposed to allocate a list of new conditions for the implementation of effective state regulation of industry on the basis of state industrial policy, which form the conceptual basis of the new industrial policy. The main (basic) characteristics of state regulation of industry on the basis of traditional and new industrial policy are given, where the scenarios of traditional (vertical) policy and new (horizontal) policy are based. Based on the analysis of the practice of state regulation of industry in the European Union, priority areas of regulation have been identified, namely: increasing competitiveness through the development of new markets; strengthening of innovative activity, development of knowledge-intensive businesses; accelerating the process of restructuring companies and industries; improving the institutional and legislative environment; protection of intellectual and property rights; improving the quality and skills of the workforce.

scholarly journals Analysis of development of basic characteristics of the dairy industry in the Czech Republic

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Renata Kučerová
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Basic Characteristics

The paper deals with the analysis of changes in the development of basic characteristics of the dairy industry in the Czech Republic, which cohere with the integration of the Czech Republic into the European Union. The attention is paid on size of the market, growth rate, life cycle, development of prices and development of foreign trade. The total domestic consumption reached 2111.1 million litres in 2004. The industry is in the maturity. The excess of supply exists in the industry; the growth rate is low, under 5% per year. The integration of the Czech Republic into the EU didn’t bring about changes in the development of basic characteristics – size of the market, growth rate, and life cycle. The volume of production changed. The total volume of purchase of raw milk for production went down by 1.4% to the value in 2000. And all prices in the product vertical – milk and milk products (prices of agricultural producers, production prices and consumer’s prices) rose.The paper is a part of solution of the research plan of the FBE MUAF in Brno, No. MSM 6215648904.

scholarly journals Specific Features of State Regulation of Innovation Activity in Ukraine at the Present Stage

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Svitlana Taraban
Keyword(s):  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Regional Innovation

The features of state regulation of innovation in Ukraine at the present stage are investigated. The directions of innovation policy in Ukraine are analyzed, the features of investment and innovation in the Kharkov region are highlighted. The role of entrepreneurship in introducing innovations is clarified. The state of innovation in Ukraine is analyzed by international indices: Global Innovation Index, Bloomberg Innovation Index, Global Competitiveness Index. It is emphasized that in the current environment technological development should provide a set of measures, including targeted support for priority areas of innovation, creating a favorable economic climate, stimulating interest in the implementation of scientific and technological achievements, and the inflow of investment into fixed capital through a powerful legislative base. It is noted that in the modern economy, a noticeable and relatively quick success in the technological as well as socio-economic development of the regions can only be achieved by ensuring high market competitiveness of the manufacturing sector of the regional economy based on its innovative, structural and technological restructuring. Attention is focused on the fact that the process of innovative development in Ukraine is increasingly characterized by the increasing role of the regional component, and regional innovation policy is becoming an important factor in the economic and social development of the country. It is proved that the innovation activity carried out in any society and leading to the creation of an innovative product that represents the latest achievements in the field of technology, technology, organization and management cannot occur in the economy without attracting investments in the production potential of societies. Structural adjustment processes taking place in Ukraine should not bypass the scientific and industrial potential of the regions. That is why the strategy of innovative development of the national economy should include the development of each individual region. Each region should have its own priority development areas in accordance with its own scientific and industrial base, based on the potential of the region’s production capabilities, focusing on available resources and market needs.

Trade and Culture

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry A. Chase
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Green Light ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Entertainment Media ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
State Action ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Government Aid

Government policies to protect and promote national culture are a perennial issue in the trading system. Controversy over trade and culture, in almost every instance, swirls around entertainment media—mainly movies, television, video, and music. The object of contention is that many states employ an assortment of financial, trade, and regulatory measures to subsidize locally produced entertainment, restrict imports, and favor national content over foreign content. Such measures often impede trade, pitting commercial interests in open markets and free choice against calls for state action to mitigate trade’s social repercussions. Differing perspectives on the motives behind these policies typify disputes over trade and culture. In one view, state regulation of entertainment media is cultural policy, an essential means of preserving a nation’s identity, culture, and way of life. From another vantage point, these policies are backdoor protectionism, a handout to local business and labor under the guise of cultural preservation. The problem of trade and culture therefore raises basic questions about politics: Why do states subsidize production and restrict imports? What drives political demands for trade protection and government aid? How can variation in policy responses be understood? In the World Trade Organization (WTO), disputes over trade and culture center on two related issues. The first is inclusion of a “cultural exception” in trade rules to green-light, on cultural grounds, state actions that interfere with trade in entertainment media. Although there is no cultural exception in the WTO, pressure to accommodate the “specificity” of entertainment media as a cultural phenomenon has complicated trade negotiations and at times required give and take to placate the opposing sides. The second issue is policy liberalization in entertainment media, which has lagged behind market opening in many other goods and services. Deadlock over trade and culture has inspired some WTO members to explore other options: the European Union (EU) and Canada spearheaded the push for a Convention on Cultural Diversity, and the United States has pursued policy liberalization in a series of free trade agreements. Important political questions again crop up: Why has culture stalemated the WTO, and why haven’t trade linkages like those for health safety standards been institutionalized for trade and culture? Why do international political alignments on this problem form as they do? What explains the design of trade rules for entertainment media, and what is the trade regime’s impact on state policy? The age-old conflict over trade and culture continues to play out and shows no signs of abating.

scholarly journals PRAGMATISM OF CUSTOMS REGULATION OF THE CONSUMER MARKET IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 237-248
Author(s):  
Inna HUTSUL ◽  
Kateryna KRYSOVATA
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Main Element ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators

Introduction. The customs regulation of the consumer market is one of the main universally recognized means of implementing state economic policy, a tool for fulfilling internal tasks. The main work in improving customs regulation of the consumer market should be aimed at increasing the competitiveness of domestic producers, promoting domestic and foreign investment for the national economy, as well as the development of new progressive and harmonized with European practice systems of product standardization and certification. The purpose of the article is to identify pragmatic aspects of customs and tariff regulation of the consumer market, systematization of vectors to increase the efficiency of state regulation of the consumer market of Ukraine. Methods. Methods of dialectical analysis and synthesis, as well as methods of logical generalization, comparison and formalization are used in the research. Results. The essence and social role of the consumer market are studied. Emphasis is placed on the need for state regulation of the consumer market using customs tools. It is established that the development of the consumer market is determined by changes in macroeconomic indicators, among which one of the key is retail trade. The share of the population's expenditures on the purchase of goods and services in the amount of total expenditures (revenues) was monitored. It is revealed that the main element of customs and tariff regulation of the consumer market of Ukraine is the customs tariff. Based on the results of the study of theoretical and practical principles of customs regulation of consumer Ukraine, measures were systematized that will improve the efficiency of its implementation, sustainable and progressive development. Prospects. Further research will focus on the implementation of innovative approaches to international customs regulation, in particular in the European Union, in national practice in order to improve the efficiency of the consumer market.

scholarly journals Digital Economy as an Environment for Developing Innovation Activity of Small Businesses

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (48) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
V. S. Bilozubenko ◽  
◽  
R. O. Gorodnytskyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Smart Things

Modern economic systems are being transformed under the influence of new technological trends. A number of important technology trends are related to information technologies (IT). Their widespread use leads to the emergence of a new type of economy, the digital economy (DE), which determines the scope and new directions of innovation and business. This opens up great opportunities for small innovative businesses, which can play a major role in its formation. The article is aimed at clarifying the essence and segmentation of DE and presenting it as an environment for developing innovative activity at small businesses. The essence of IT, software, and information systems is specified. The concept of IT is explained, and the essence of digitalization and digital transformations is specified. The essential features of DE are identified, and its components (IT, infrastructure, and business) and the basis (social networks, big data devices, etc.) are specified. DE is based on a technological "core" (IT, various technical platforms, physical technologies); has a functional "core" (digital platforms, systems of workgroup computing, process automation); encompasses economic activity; includes a number of goods and services that are critically dependent on IT. It is substantiated that IT creates a special virtual environment and new forms of markets. It is suggested to segment DE, for example:: e-commerce; e-marketing; e-procurement; electronic auctions; electronic infrastructures; e-logistics; electronic medicine; e-education; electronic trading; electronic banking; electronic insurance. The emergence of FinTech, "smart farms", "smart factories", "smart warehouses", "smart things", "smart home", "smart jobs", etc. is also noted. The obtained segmentation determines the directions of structural development of DE. It is substantiated that IT creates opportunities for innovative activity of small businesses and should be considered as corresponding environment. The understanding of the development of innovation activity and its areas in DE are clarified. In this context, the lines of the state regulation of DE are defined.

scholarly journals Venture Capital Funds as Joint Investment Institutes under the Legislation of Ukraine and Regulations of the European Union: General Characteristics.

1970 ◽  
pp. 220-227
Author(s):  
Yosyf Ivanyuk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Venture Capital ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Eu

Joint investment institutes, in particular, venture capital funds, constitute a significant part of the economies of developing countries, as they stimulate the investment of individuals and legal entities and play an essential role in the development of young companies that are building their business on the basis of innovations and innovative technologies (start-ups). In addition, the use of venture capital funds for legitimate tax optimization or as financial intermediaries within the group of companies is a very common phenomenon on the market of goods and services, in particular, in Ukraine. The activities of the venture capital funds in Ukraine as a whole are constructed in accordance with the European model, but there are still some differences and imperfect legal regulation, which is a problem in understanding the approximation of Ukrainian legislation to unified EU regulations. The subject of the article (study) is the analysis and comparison of the venture capital funds as joint investment institutes in Ukraine and EU law on the basis of the national legislation of Ukraine and the relevant EU directives. Similar studies in Ukraine are practically absent, with the exception of the thesis by Polianska I.Y. "Investors 'Rights in Joint Investments: Comparison with European Legal Models", devoted to the study of the nature of investors' rights in the implementation of joint investments and the determination of the laws of legal regulation of the status of joint investment institutes under the legislation of Ukraine and legislation of foreign countries, in particular Western European States, scientific publications Hlibko S. V. and Sydorenko YU. V. "Issues of legal regulation of investment funds in the EU", Svikhrov S.O. and Schastlyvtseva R.V. "On the necessity to bring commitments on the activity of institutional investors in Ukraine to the legislation of the European Union", Inna Lobas "Foreign experience of state support of venture investment of innovation activity". The purpose of the publication is to study the general legal regulation of activities of venture capital funds and joint investment institutes in the EU countries, to compare it with such regulation in Ukraine and to bring proposals to improve the specified legal regulation in Ukraine.

RESEARCH ON INVESTMENT AND INNOVATION ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE: TRENDS AND PROBLEMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-73
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Ivanovich Bogdanenko
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intellectual Potential ◽  
Innovation Processes

In the monograph the theoretical identification of concepts and categorical series of state regulation of investment-innovation processes are investigated; the directions of optimization of the state policy of innovation and investment development management in Ukraine are determined; the organizational and legal principles of the state regulation of development of intellectual potential of the population are substantiated; the areas of development and improvement of the national innovation system as an object of state policy are highlighted and assessed. The monograph will be interesting for scholars, lecturers, doctoral and graduate students, and will also be useful to practical politicians, journalists and media workers and a wide range of readers interested in investment and innovation activities.

Research and approaches to the integration processes in the European Union

2017 ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Alexander Motsyk
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Fourth Level ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Political Groups ◽  
Integration Levels

The article is devoted to the study of modern trends of integration processes. We studied the methodological principles and approaches to the study of the integration of subjects. Specifically analyzed integration levels: individual, regional, domestic, interstate, global. Also, isolated and characterized various forms of integration: political, economic, informational, cultural and others. We analyzed the integration process as a result of the relationship, cooperation, convergence and integration into a single unit of any parts, components countries, their economies, social and political structures, cultural, social and political groups, ethnic groups, political parties, movements and organizations. It is proved that integration has several levels of development. Interaction at the level of enterprises and organizations (first level) – directly to producers of goods and services. The integration of the economies of the main links of different countries is complemented by the interaction at the country level (the second level). The third level of development of integration processes – interaction at the level of parties and organizations, social groups and individuals from different countries – can be defined as a social and political one. Fourth level – is the level of the actual integration group as an economic community, with its characteristics and peculiarities. It was noted that today is used by political science approaches to the study of integration. It is important to the following principles: federalism, functionalism, communicative approach, and others. Keywords: Integration, levels, approaches, studies, European integration, politics, economics, features

YEAR 2020: ON THE REMAINING REPRODUCTIVE THREATS AND THEIR NEUTRALIZATION ON THE WAYS TO IMPROVE STRATEGIC PLANNING AND INDUSTRIAL POLICY, THE DEPLOYMENT OF THE NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM AND ITS SECTORAL AND REGIONAL SUBSYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-53
Author(s):  
Yu.B. Vinslav
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Modernization

The article analyzes the main indicators of the evolution of the domestic economy and its industrial complex in the past year (in January — November 2019). It Identifies trends in this evolution, including negative trends that determine the preservation of reproductive threats in 2020: sluggishness, instability and low quality of economic growth. The main reasons for the fact that the objective resource capabilities of the macro level were clearly not used enough to effectively solve the urgent problems of technological modernization of the economy and increase people’s welfare are established. The main reason is the poor quality of public administration, including imperfect strategic planning and industrial policy; there is still no modern national innovation system in the country. Accordingly, recommendations for improving the quality of state regulation in its specified components are justified. The recommended measures, according to the author, will help the economy to move to a trajectory of rapid, sustainable and high-quality growth.

TO THE PROBLEM OF INDUSTRIAL POLICY STATE REGULATION EFFECTIVENESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (79) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
O.I. Klimenko ◽  
◽  
Yu.I. Brazhnikov ◽  
A.I. Laypanov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
State Regulation
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