scholarly journals PERBEDAAN INDEKS PLAK PADA PENGGUNA ALAT ORTODONTIK CEKAT YANG MENGGUNAKAN SIKAT GIGI KHUSUS ORTODONTIK DENGAN DAN TANPA OBAT KUMUR

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Windy Tjiali ◽  
PS Anindita ◽  
Olivia Waworuntu

PERBEDAAN INDEKS PLAK PADA PENGGUNA ALAT ORTODONTIK CEKAT YANG MENGGUNAKAN SIKAT GIGI KHUSUS ORTODONTIK DENGAN DAN TANPA OBAT KUMUR ABSTRAK Perawatan ortodontik khususnya penggunaan alat ortodontik cekat memiliki bentuk yang rumit sehingga mempermudah melekatnya plak lebih lama dan dapat meningkatkan resiko karies, gingivitis, dan penyakit periodontal. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi resiko yang ada adalah dengan melakukan kontrol plak. Kontrol plak dapat dilakukan secara mekanis (sikat gigi khusus ortodontik) dan kimiawi (obat kumur). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan indeks plak pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat yang menggunakan sikat gigi khusus ortodontik dengan tambahan obat kumur dan tanpa obat kumur. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen lapangan dengan rancangan the eqiuevalent material group, pretest and posttest design. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan sampel mahasiswa angkatan 2011-2012 Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Gigi Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado sebanyak 33 orang. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Data  dianalisis menggunakan uji dependent t-test. Hasil analisis menunjukkan  perbedaan penurunan indeks plak yang signifikan (p<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan indeks plak pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat yang menggunakan sikat gigi khusus ortodontik dengan tambahan obat kumur dan tanpa obat kumur. Kata kunci : ortodontik cekat, sikat gigi khusus ortodontik, obat kumur, indeks plak.   THE DIFFERENCE OF PLAQUE INDEX ON FIXED ORTHODONTIC USERS THAT USED ORTHODONTIC TOOTHBRUSH WITH AND WITHOUT MOUTHWASH ABSTRACT Orthodontic treatment especially fixed orthodontic appliance has a complex form that can simplify the attachement of plaque longer and could increase the risk of caries, gingivitis, and periodontal disease. One way to reduce the risk is plaque control. Plaque control can be done mechanically (orthodontic toothbrush) and chemically (mouthwash). This research aimed to know the difference plaque index on users of fixed orthodontic appliance that used orthodontic toothbrush with mouthwash and without mouthwash.This research is field experiments to a draf the eqiuevalent material group, pretest and posttest design. This research is done with a sample of 33 people of 2011-2012 dentist students of Sam Ratulangi University. The sample was collected by purposive sampling method. Data was analyzed by the dependent t-test. The result showed that there was significant decrease of plaque index (p<0,05). In conclusion, there is a differenceplaque index on users of fixed orthodontic appliance that used orthodontic toothbrush with  mouthwash and without mouthwash. Key words: Fixed orthodontic, orthodontic toothbrush, mouthwash, plaque index.

e-GIGI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mega S. J. Warongan ◽  
P. S. Anindita ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan

Abstract: The need fororthodontic treatment at present is increasing, both in Indonesia andother countries. Fixed orthodontic appliance is an orthodontic appliance that is bonded to the teeth and have intricate shapes that facilitate the attachment of plaque longer and can increase the risk of various diseases of the mouth.The best way to prevent that is to do a plaque control, one of them is to use the mouthwash. The purpose of this research was to determine whether there were differences of plaque index in the use of alcohol-containing mouthwash and alcohol free mouthwash towards fixed orthodontic users.This research is an experimental study with a pretestposttest control group design. The population was Dentistry of Sam Ratulangi University students batch 2011and 2012 who use fixed orthodontic appliance. Samples were 34 students who were divided into two treatment groups. The sampling method used is total sampling.The results of this research based on independent T-test between alcohol-containing mouthwash and alcohol free mouthwash shows that there is no significant differences in plaque index between alcohol-containing mouthwash and alcohol free mouthwash on the fixed orthodontic users with a p value of0.172(p>0.05).Keywords: fixed orthodontic appliance, alcohol-containing mouthwash, alcohol free mouthwash, plaque indexAbstrak: Kebutuhan akan perawatan ortodontik pada masa kini semakin meningkat, baik di Indonesia maupun negara-negara lain. Alat ortodontik cekat merupakan alat ortodontik yang dicekatkan pada gigi geligi dan memiliki bentuk yang rumit, sehingga mempermudah melekatnya plak lebih lama dan dapat meningkatkan berbagai resiko penyakit mulut. Cara terbaik untuk mencegah hal tersebut yaitu dengan melakukan kontrol plak, salah satunya dengan menggunakan obat kumur. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan indeks plak penggunaan obat kumur beralkohol dan non alkohol pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat. Peneltian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimentaldengan rancangan pretest posttest control group design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Gigi Universitas Sam Ratulangi angkatan 2011 dan 2012 yang menggunakan alat ortodontik cekat dengan sampel 34 mahasiswa yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok perlakuan. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu total sampling. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji independent T-test antara obat kumur beralkohol dan obat kumur non alkohol menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna indeks plak penggunaan obat kumur beralkohol dan non alkohol pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat dengan nilai p sebesar 0,172 (p>0,05).Kata kunci :alat ortodontik cekat, obat kumur beralkohol, obat kumur non alkohol, indeks plak.


e-GIGI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Preazy Agung C. Penda ◽  
Stefana H. M. Kaligis ◽  
Juliatri .

Abstract: Teeth and mouth are important parts in human body. In order to perform its function properly, dental and oral hygiene need to be considered. Dental and oral hygiene can be observed from the formation of plaque. The effort to prevent plaque formation is called plaque control. Plaque control can be done naturally by masticating fibrous foods, inter alia apple. This study aimed to determine whether there were any difference in plaque index between before and after masticating an apple. Samples were collected by using total sampling method. There were 44 samples, obtained from 72 students of Senior High School Sorong, West Papua. The results showed that the average of plaque index before and after masticating an apple was 2.1 and 1.2. The paired sample t-test showed a P value of 0.000. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in plaque index before and after masticating an apple.Keywords: plaque index, masticating, appleAbstrak: Gigi dan mulut merupakan bagian penting dalam tubuh manusia.Agar dapat menjalankan fugsinya dengan baik, kesehatan gigi dan mulut perlu diperhatikan.Tingkat kebersihan gigi dan mulut dapat dilihat dari pembentukan plak.Upaya pencegahan timbulnya plak disebut dengan kontrol plak.Kontrol plak dapat dilakukan secara alamiah yaitu dengan mengunyah makanan berserat, salah satunya adalah buah apel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan indeks plak sebelum dan sesudah pengunyahan buah apel. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode Pra eksperimental dengan rancangan pretest and posttest one group only yang dilakukan pada siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Sorong Papua Barat. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan ialah total sampling dengan jumlah responden 44 dari 72 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata indeks plak sebelum pengunyahan buah apel ialah 2,1 dan rerata indeks plak sesudah pengunyahan buah apel ialah 1,2. Analisis data menggunakan uji paired t-test menunjukkan P = 0,000. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara indeks plak sebelum dengan sesudah pengunyahan buah apel.Kata kunci: indeks plak, pengunyahan, buah apel


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Ingrid Panbara ◽  
Kuswardani Susari Putri ◽  
Kosno Suprianto

accumulation of plaque. The most simple and effective way to control plaque is tooth brushing. Manual toothbrush which is straight, straight brush handle with the brush head and bristles panel is recommended by the healthy department of Indonesia. Orthodontic toothbrush is designed specifically  to  eliminate plaque around  the  brackets.  Charter methods  is  recommended  for patient using  fixed  orthodontic appliance. Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of conventional toothbrush and orthodontic toothbrush in reducing average plaque index patient using fixed orthodontic appliance with Charter method. Methods: The research method was experimental with pre and posttest design. The study subjects were 30 people who were divided into two groups, 15 people usedconventional toothbrushes and 15 people usedorthodontic toothbrushes. Orthodontic Plaque Index (OPI) was used as plaque index in this research. Analysis of data was using T-test. Results: Pretest and posttest plaque index of conventional toothbrush were 70,94 and 40,20. Pretest and posttest plaque index of orthodontic toothbrush were 65,59 and  23,74. The average difference in  pretest and  posttest plaque index of conventional toothbrush was 30,74 and orthodontic toothbrush was 41,84. The result was tested by using independent t-test and produced a significant value (P value) of 0,001 Conclusion: The use of orthodontic toothbrush with Charter method is more effective than conventional toothbrush in removing plaque. Keywords: Plaque index, conventional toothbrush, orthodontic toothbrush


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siska Cantika Pakambi ◽  
Inggriani Elim ◽  
Sintje Rondonuwu

Expectation gap in auditing is the term used to signify the difference in expectation of wha auditor belived about auditor’s responsibility and what financial statement users belived about auditor’s actual responsibility. This study was aimed at finding out the difference of perception between the students of accounting and students of management on audit implementation on unqualified opinion in relation to responsibility and independence of auditor. This was a study using quantitative method. The population consisted of the eighth semester students of accounting and students of management Departement of S1 Program. The method of sampling used was purposive sampling method. The number of questionnaires distributed was 60 and all of them could be used in this study. The method of analysis for hypothesis testing was Independent Sample T-Test. The tool of data analysis used was SPSS version 23.0 program. Based on the result of Independent Sample T-Test analysis it was found that (1) There is a difference of  perception among the students of accounting and students of management on auditor’s responsibility.(2) There is a difference of  perception among the students of accounting and students of management on auditor’s independence.Keywords: Implementation on Unqualified Opinion, Expectation Gap, Students, Auditor’s Responsibility and Auditor’s independence.


e-GIGI ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priska F. Umboh

Stomatitis Aftosa Rekuren (SAR) adalah lesi mukosa oral yang timbul secara berulang, biasanya berupa ulser berwarna putih kekuningan. Penggunaan alat ortodonsi cekat merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat memicu terjadinya SAR. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran Stomatitis Aftosa Rekuren pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 61 responden. Data hasil penelitian diperoleh berdasarkan kuesioner yang diberikan kepada responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 80,3% pengguna alat ortodonsi cekat mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Sam Ratulangi pernah mengalami SAR, dimana perempuan lebih cenderung mengalami dibandingkan laki-laki. Lama penggunaan alat ortodonsi cekat berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya SAR. Sebanyak 29,51% pengguna alat ortodonsi cekat menggunakan alat ortodonsi cekat selama >2tahun, dan sebanyak 36,73% menyatakan bahwa frekuensi terjadinya SAR terjadi secara tidak teratur. Lokasi terjadinya SAR yaitu pada mukosa pipi 48,98%, mukosa bibir 48,98%, dan lidah 2,04%. Sebanyak 30,61% responden membiarkan SAR tanpa perawatan dimana 53,33% responden sembuh < 1 minggu, 2,04% berobat ke dokter umum dan sebanyak 67,35% mengobati sendiri, dimana 57,58% diantaranya menggunakan obat oles. Kata kunci : Stomatitis Aftosa Rekuren, alat ortodonsi cekat.ABSTRACTRecurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS) can be defined as lesions of the oral mucosa which occours repeatedly, normaly in the form of white yellow ulcer. The using of fixed orthodontic application is one of the factors that trigger RAS to occur. The objective of this research is to discover the description of RAS within the users of fixed orthodontic appliance in dentistry student of Sam Ratulangi University. The sampling method had taken by purposive sampling from 61 sample respondents. The results were gained from the questionnaire that were given to the respondents. The result of this research shows that 80,3% of the fixed orthodontic appliance users in dentistry student of Sam Ratulangi University ever experienced RAS, by which females tend to experience more than males. Duration of fixed orthodontic application usege is highly influential to the occurrence of RAS. About 29,51% of the users have been using this fixed orthodontic appliance for > 2 years, and 36,73% of them stated the frequency of the occurrence of RAS is irregular. The location where RAS occurs can be describe as 48,98% in cheek mucosa, 48,98% in the lips mucosa and 2,04% in tongue. For the amount of 30,61% of the users left the SAR untreated, in which 53,33% of the total respondents admitted healed between <1 weeks, 2,04% seek treatment at the doctor, and 67,35% treat it by themselves which 57,58% of them used topical medicine. Keywords : Reccurent Aphthous Stomatitis, fixed orthodontic appliance.


Author(s):  
Raja Adri Satriawan Surya ◽  
Kirmizi Kirmizi ◽  
Tita Ratna Juwita R. Ratna Juwita R.

The purpose of this research is to test the effect of working capital (cash turn over, inventory turnover and receivable turnover) towards profitability at LQ-45 companies listed at Bursa Efek Indonesia. The population of this research are all LQ-45 companies listed in Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). The samples are 19 LQ-45 companies listed in BEI during the year 2004 - 2006. The samples are chosen by using purposive sampling method. The data are analysed with partial test (T-test) and simultant test (F-test) by means of SPSS Ver 13.0. The results show that cash turn over, inventory turnover, and receivable turnover simultaneously have significant influence towards profitability. Partially cash turn over, inventory turnover, and receivable turnover have also significant influence to profitability.


2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elfin Siamena ◽  
Harijanto Sabijono ◽  
Jessy D.L Warongan

The number of taxpayers from year to year increases. But the increase in the number of taxpayers is not offset by taxpayer compliance in paying taxes. The compliance issue becomes an obstacle in maximizing tax revenues. This study aims to analyze the effect of tax sanctions and taxpayer awareness on the compliance of individual taxpayers. The population of this study is determined based on purposive sampling method, the data collected by division of questionnaires in KPP Pratama Manado. The method of research analysis used is multiple linear regression. based on the result of t test, it can be concluded that the tax sanction has positive and significant effect on the taxpayer compliance of the individual, with the value of significance smaller than the significant value (0.001 < 0.05), the consciousness of the taxpayer positively and significantly influence the compliance personal taxpayer, this is indicated by a value of significance smaller than the significant value (0.003 < 0.05).Keywords :Tax sanctions, Taxpayer awareness, Personal taxpayer compliance


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Intan Elita ◽  
K. Bagus Wardianto ◽  
M. Iqbal Harori

This study aims to measure the accuracy of technical analysis using the Bollinger Band indicator in predicting stock prices in the middle of pandemic covid-19. The concept in this study is to compare daily stock price predictions according to technical indicators with the closing prices that occured on that day. Sample selection technique used in this research used a purposive sampling method and obtained 9 pharmaceutical sub-sector companies listed on the IDX from February to April 2020. The type of data used is a chart of the company's daily stock price movements obtained from finance.yahoo.com. The data analysis technique used was the paired sample t-test and used the SPSS 26 analysis tool. The results of this study indicate that the Bollinger indicator does not have a significant difference. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur keakuratan analisis teknikal dengan indikator Bollinger Band dalam memprediksi harga saham pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Konsep pada penelitian ini adalah membandingkan prediksi harga saham harian menurut indikator teknikal dengan harga penutupan yang terjadi pada hari tersebut. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan diperoleh sebanyak 9 perusahaan sub sektor farmasi yang terdaftar di BEI selama Februari hingga April 2020. Jenis data yang digunakan yaitu berupa grafik pergerakan harga saham harian perusahaan yang diperoleh dari finance.yahoo.com. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji independent sample t-test dan menggunakan alat analisis program SPSS 26. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa indikator Bollinger tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Aisyah Aisyah

This research is experimental research on students class XI of MIPA in SMA Negeri 3 Purwokerto. This research takes the title of "The Influence of the Application of the Cooperative Learning Model Type Course Review Horay (CRH) Against the Liveliness of learning and the Results of the Economic Study (study on the Grade XI MIPA in SMA Negeri 3 Purwokerto)". The purpose of this research is to know the difference in learning outcomes and learning activity between the learning model Course Review Horay (CRH) with conventional learning model, to know the influence of learning model Course Review Horay (CRH) against the learning outcomes and learning activity, as well as to know the influence of the liveliness of the learning results of learning. The population of this research is the grade XI MIPA in SMA Negeri 3 Purwokerto. The number of samples taken in this study is 72 i.e. 2 Class XI of MIPA which each class amounted to 36 students. Purposive Sampling Method used in the determination of the sample. Based on the results of the research and the anallisis data indicate that (1) there is a significant difference between the model of learning learning activeness cooperative Course Review Horay (CRH) and conventional learning model on economics. (2) there are significant differences between the learning outcomes learning model cooperative Course Review Horay (CRH) and conventional learning model on economi. (3) there is a positive influence learning model cooperative Course Review Horay (CRH) against the liveliness of the study on economic. (4) there is a positive influence learning model cooperative Course Review Horay (CRH) against the results of the study on economic. (5) there is no positive influence between the liveliness of student learning against the results of the study on economic. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen pada siswa kelas XI MIPA di SMA Negeri 3 Purwokerto. Penelitian ini mengambil judul “Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Course Review Horay (CRH) terhadap Keaktifan Belajar dan Hasil Belajar Ekonomi (Studi pada Siswa Kelas XI MIPA di SMA Negeri 3 Purwokerto)”.        Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan keaktifan belajar dan hasil belajar antara model pembelajaran Course Review Horay (CRH) dengan model pembelajaran konvensional, untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Course Review Horay (CRH) terhadap keaktifan belajar dan hasil belajar, serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh keaktifan belajar terhadap hasil belajar. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA di SMA Negeri 3 Purwokerto. Jumlah sample yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah 72 yaitu 2 kelas XI MIPA yang masing-masing kelas berjumlah 36 siswa. Purposive Sampling Method digunakan dalam penentuan sample. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan anallisis data menunjukkan bahwa (1) Terdapat perbedaan signifikan keaktifan belajar antara model pembelajaran kooperatif Course Review Horay (CRH) dengan model pembelajaran konvensional pada mata pelajaran ekonomi. (2) Terdapat perbedaan signifikan hasil belajar antara model pembelajaran kooperatif Course Review Horay (CRH)  dengan model pembelajaran konvensional pada mata pelajaran ekonomi. (3) Terdapat pengaruh positif model pembelajaran kooperatif Course Review Horay (CRH)  terhadap keaktifan belajar pada mata pelajaran ekonomi. (4) Terdapat pengaruh positif model pembelajaran kooperatif Course Review Horay (CRH)  terhadap hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran ekonomi. (5) Tidak terdapat pengaruh positif antara keaktifan belajar siswa terhadap hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran ekonomi.  


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Imam Arif Fikri

This research is quantitative study that aims to compare brand association, perceived quality, and brand loyalty to brand equity in Samsung and LG companies in the South Jakarta area. This research used 100 respondents as a sample with purposive sampling method. The analysis technique in this study uses the Independent Sample T Test using SPSS 26. The results of this study indicate that (1) Samsung Brand Association is superior to LG, (2) Samsung's Perceived Qualty is superior to LG, (3) Samsung's Brand Loyalty is superior to LG. superior to LG.   Keywords: Brand Equity; Brand Association; Perceived Quality; Brand Loyalty  


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