scholarly journals A Mathematical Model to Estimate Soil Parameters using Wireless Sensor: An Efficient Way of Data Collection in Precision Agriculture

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-372
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Real Field ◽  
Soil Parameters

Environmental and field parameters have high impact on agricultural productivity. The environmental parameters include temperature, humidity, rainfall and wind direction etc. whereas field parameters include salinity, nutrient content, oxygen levels, soil type, soil PH and soil moisture etc. Among them, Soil pH and moisture are highly correlated which can affect soil salinity, nutrient level and soil conductivity. So, these two parameters need to be measure precisely to take management decisions. Till now the process which is applied to measure soil parameters are entirely depends on laboratory testing of soil sample. This process has some overhead like availability of laboratory, manpower and cost. To overcome these challenges, we developed a virgin sensor based automated data collection technique which maintains the agricultural productivity with sustainable development. But practically sensor-based data retain some error which defers from laboratory result. In this paper, we have developed a new efficient technique to reduce the error in calculating pH value using sensors. In this research work, ten different types of soils are tested in laboratory to get the actual (pH level in soil. These values are considered as the ground truth for the experiment. The pH values of all the ten types of soil are collected from the field using wireless sensor. Our proposed mathematical model reduces the error to 0.01 between collected values and ground truth values with back propagation method based on soil moisture, environmental temperature and humidity. Here, the proposed model is empirically tested by taking some real field data values.

scholarly journals Power Reduction with Sleep/Wake on Redundant Data (SWORD) in a Wireless Sensor Network for Energy-Efficient Precision Agriculture

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haider Jawad ◽  
Rosdiadee Nordin ◽  
Sadik Gharghan ◽  
Aqeel Jawad ◽  
Mahamod Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Power Reduction ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Redundant Data ◽  
Comparison Results

The use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in modern precision agriculture to monitor climate conditions and to provide agriculturalists with a considerable amount of useful information is currently being widely considered. However, WSNs exhibit several limitations when deployed in real-world applications. One of the challenges faced by WSNs is prolonging the life of sensor nodes. This challenge is the primary motivation for this work, in which we aim to further minimize the energy consumption of a wireless agriculture system (WAS), which includes air temperature, air humidity, and soil moisture. Two power reduction schemes are proposed to decrease the power consumption of the sensor and router nodes. First, a sleep/wake scheme based on duty cycling is presented. Second, the sleep/wake scheme is merged with redundant data about soil moisture, thereby resulting in a new algorithm called sleep/wake on redundant data (SWORD). SWORD can minimize the power consumption and data communication of the sensor node. A 12 V/5 W solar cell is embedded into the WAS to sustain its operation. Results show that the power consumption of the sensor and router nodes is minimized and power savings are improved by the sleep/wake scheme. The power consumption of the sensor and router nodes is improved by 99.48% relative to that in traditional operation when the SWORD algorithm is applied. In addition, data communication in the SWORD algorithm is minimized by 86.45% relative to that in the sleep/wake scheme. The comparison results indicate that the proposed algorithms outperform power reduction techniques proposed in other studies. The average current consumptions of the sensor nodes in the sleep/wake scheme and the SWORD algorithm are 0.731 mA and 0.1 mA, respectively.

scholarly journals Desarrollo de un sistema inalámbrico escalable de medición de humedad del suelo en un cultivo de vid

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Ortega-Corral César ◽  
B. Ricardo Eaton-González ◽  
Florencio López Cruz ◽  
Laura Rocío, Díaz-Santana Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless System ◽  
Different Depths

We present a wireless system applied to precision agriculture, made up of sensor nodes that measure soil moisture at different depths, applied to vine crops where drip irrigation is applied. The intention is to prepare a system for scaling, and to create a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) that communicates by radio frequency with a base station (ET), so that the gathered data is stored locally and can be sent out an Internet gateway.

Application of a Wireless Sensor Network for Multi-Depth Soil Moisture Monitoring at Farm Scale in New Zealand’s Hill Country

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-417
Author(s):  
I. Hajdu ◽  
I. Yule
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Distributed Sensors ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Flat Surfaces ◽  
The North

Hill country farms play a critical role in the New Zealand’s economy and precision agriculture solutions have been increasingly utilised to improve their profitability and resilience. Soil moisture, a spatially and temporally variable factor in pasture productivity, was monitored using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) technology deployed over a hill country farm in the North Island. Geographical Information System assisted spatial methodologies were applied to design a WSN-topography. The integration of spatially distributed sensors and multi-depth soil moisture measurements from various hillslope positions showed that root zone soil moisture was more homogenous as the mean soil moisture increased. Considerable differences were found in soil water profile response to significant rainfall events on steep, rolling and flat surfaces allowing us to construct a clearer picture of the topographical controls on the variability of soil moisture.

scholarly journals Crop Recommendation System to Maximize Crop Yield in Ramtek region using Machine Learning

2019 ◽  
pp. 485-489
Author(s):  
D. Anantha Reddy ◽  
Bhagyashri Dadore ◽  
Aarti Watekar
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Recommendation System ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Majority Voting ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Yield State

In Indian economy and employment agriculture plays major role. The most common problem faced by the Indian farmers is they do not opt crop based on the necessity of soil, as a result they face serious setback in productivity. This problem can be addressed through precision agriculture. This method takes three parameters into consideration, viz: soil characteristics, soil types and crop yield data collection based on these parameters suggesting the farmer suitable crop to be cultivated. Precision agriculture helps in reduction of non suitable crop which indeed increases productivity, apart from the following advantages like efficacy in input as well as output and better decision making for farming. This method gives solutions like proposing a recommendation system through an ensemble model with majority voting techniques using random tree, CHAID, K _ Nearest Neighbour and Naive Bayes as learner to recommend suitable crop based on soil parameters with high specific accuracy and efficiency. The classified image generated by these techniques consists of ground truth statistical data and parameters of it are weather, crop yield, state and district wise crops to predict the yield of a particular crop under particular weather condition.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Wireless Communication Strategy for Precision Agriculture Irrigation Control

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5541
Author(s):  
Camilo Lozoya ◽  
Antonio Favela-Contreras ◽  
Alberto Aguilar-Gonzalez ◽  
L.C. Félix-Herrán ◽  
Luis Orona
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Efficient Communication ◽  
Agriculture Irrigation

In smart farming, precision agriculture irrigation is essential to reduce water consumption and produce higher crop yields. Closed-loop irrigation based on soil moisture measurements has demonstrated the capability to achieve a considerable amount of water savings while growing healthy crops. Automated irrigation systems are typically implemented over wireless sensor networks, where the sensing devices are battery-powered, and thus they have to manage energy constraints by implementing efficient communication schemas. Self-triggered control is an aperiodic sampling strategy capable of reducing the number of networked messages compared to traditional periodical sampling. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient communication strategy for closed-loop control irrigation, implemented over a wireless sensor network, where event-driven soil moisture measurements are conducted by the sensing devices only when needed. Thereby, the self-triggered algorithm estimates the occurrence of the next sampling period based on the process dynamics. The proposed strategy was evaluated in a pecan crop field and compared with periodical sampling implementations. The experimental results show that the proposed adaptive sampling rate technique decreased the number of communication messages more than 85% and reduced power consumption up to 20%, while still accomplishing the system control objectives in terms of the irrigation efficiency and water consumption.

scholarly journals Wireless Sensor Network Applications in Healthcare and Precision Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Naila Nawaz Malik ◽  
Wael Alosaimi ◽  
M. Irfan Uddin ◽  
Bader Alouffi ◽  
Hashem Alyami
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Transmission Protocol ◽  
Relative Temperature ◽  
Mesh Topology ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

A wireless sensor network is a large sensor hub with a confined power supply that performs limited calculations. Due to the degree of restricted correspondence and the large size of the sensor hub, packets sent through the sensor network are based primarily on multihop data transmission. Current wireless sensor networks are widely used in a range of applications, such as precision agriculture, healthcare, and smart cities. The network covers a wide domain and addresses multiple aspects in agriculture, such as soil moisture, temperature, and humidity. Therefore, issues of precision agriculture at the output of the network are analyzed using a star and mesh topology with TCP as the transmission protocol. The system is equipped with two sensors: Arduino DFRobot for soil moisture and DHT11 for relative temperature and humidity. The experiments are performed using the NS2 simulator, which provides an improved interface to analyze the results. The results showed that the proposed mechanism has good performance and output.

scholarly journals IoT and AWS based Precision Agriculture in Ayurvedic Betel Leaf Cultivation

2020 ◽  
pp. 553-557
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Water Pump ◽  
Accelerometer Sensor ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensor ◽  
To Receive

The main aim of this paper is to keep an eye on the growing betel leaf inside the greenhouse using Internet of Things (IoT). Maintaining the growth of the betel leaf helps in the quality and quantity of the production throughout the year. Since betel leaf can be grown all over many years one can maintain the data of the surrounding temperature, soil moisture, its climbing stems are also observed and these data are recorded and stored in the Amazon Web Server (AWS). For this we use Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) such as temperature sensor, soil moisture sensor, accelerometer sensor, relay, water pump. These sensors help in detecting any changes inside the greenhouse and those data are stored in AWS and can be retrieved whenever necessary. GSM Module allows mobile phone to receive message through GPRS.

scholarly journals An underground, wireless, open-source, low-cost system for monitoring oxygen, temperature, and soil moisture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elad Levintal ◽  
Yonatan Ganot ◽  
Gail Taylor ◽  
Peter Freer-Smith ◽  
Kosana Suvocarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Engineering Knowledge ◽  
Cost System ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract. The use of wireless sensor networks in the measurement of soil parameters represents one of the least invasive methods available to date. Wireless sensors pose the least disturbance to soil structure and having fewer aboveground cables reduce the risk of undesired equipment damage and potential data loss. However, implementing wireless sensor networks in field studies usually requires advanced and costly engineering knowledge. This study presents a new underground, wireless, open-source, low-cost system for monitoring soil oxygen, temperature, and soil moisture. The process of system design, assembly, programming, deployment, and power management is presented. The system can be left underground for several years without the need for changing the battery. Emphasis was given on modularity so that it can be easily duplicated or changed if needed, and deployed without previous engineering knowledge. Data from this type of system have a wide range of applications, including precision agriculture and high-resolution modelling.

scholarly journals Eksplorasi Jenis Bambu di Kecamatan Rawas Ulu Kabupaten Muratara

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Reny Dwi Riastuti ◽  
Yuli Febrianti ◽  
Trisnawati Panjaitan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
Research Procedure

This study aims: (1). To eksploration the type of Bamboo (Bambusa sp) in Rawas Ulu District, Muratara Regency. Data collection techniques in this study are as follows: (a). eksploration (b) Interview (c). Documentation; The research procedure is observation, location research, sample analysis, sample identification, sample description, ecological factors, bamboo benefits; (1). The results of identification there are 4 genera consisting of (Gigantochloa, Bambusa, Densrocalamus, and Schizoctachyum). There are 6 species consisting of (Gigantochloa apus, Gigantochloa pseudoarundin, Bambusa vulgaris, Bambusa glaucescens, Schizoctachyum blumei, Densrocalamus asper); (2). The ecological factors of bamboo are soil pH of 4.9-7.0 and air temperature of 25-30oC with soil moisture of 51-71%; (3). Bamboo can be used as light construction materials such as livestock pens, fences, ornamental plants, household handi crafts and woven industries. The conclusion of this study is that there are 4 genera and 6 types of bamboo that live differently. Keywords: eksploration, bambu

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