scholarly journals The External Factors Associated with Stunting Occurrence among 12 – 59 Months Old Toddler

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S9) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Minimum Income ◽  
The Family ◽  
Guaranteed Minimum Income

Background: Intervention strategy employed in solving stunting cases should be comprehensive by focusing on both direct (internal) and indirect factors (external). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to observe the indirect factors influencing the occurrence of stunting in toddlers. Methods: The study design used was community-based case control with the population comprising of toddlers between 12-59 months old. The sample size included 49 cases and 98 controls, and the stunting was measured by using anthropometry. Furthermore, short toddlers were indicated by nutrition status which was determined by the ideal height in certain age and .compared with the provision of WHO-MGRS (Multicentre Growth Reference Study) that any toddler with z-score less than -2 SD is short and less than -3 SD is categorized as very short. Results: The multivariate analysis conducted proved that toddlers with inadequate child-rearing have a greater risk (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 3.03 (95% CI: 1.15-7.98) of experiencing stunting compared to those raised adequately. Those living in families below Guaranteed Minimum Income (GMI) has a greater risk (AOR = 4.63 (95 % CI: 1.701-12.63) of stunting compared to those in families with above Guaranteed Minimum Income (GMI). It was also found that those without exclusive breastfeeding has a greater risk (AOR = 4.53 (95 % CI: 1.64-12.49) compared to those with exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: The intervention methods needed to improve stunting’s problem-solving in rural areas include giving adequate child-rearing, improving the economic status of the family, and parent's knowledge about giving exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months.

Using of PPP mechanisms in rural social sphere: domestic and foreign experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Elena Ivanovna Semenova ◽  
Vladimir Gennadievich Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Minimum Income ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Guaranteed Minimum Income

The article shows the importance of using the public-private partnership mechanism for the development of the social sphere of the village. Review of PPP implementation by countries G20 showed different legal approaches in PPP implementation, parallel use and concessions, and agreements, application of guaranteed minimum income and risk sharing among participants, use of different PPP support measures. The presented results of the questionnaire indicate the largest use of PPPs in housing and communal services — 272 projects (81.68 %), which is due to the high degree of wear and tear in water and heat supply, in education — 22 projects (6.61 %), mainly the construction of preschool institutions, school repairs, in the field of sports and tourism 14 projects (4.2 %) — the construction of sports grounds and stadiums, sports centers, 10 projects (3 %). Public-private partnership projects in the social sphere of rural areas are less marginal, their financing is associated with significant difficulties due to the heterogeneity of demand, the difficulty of forecasting consumer demand and assessing social effect. The development of public-private partnerships is constrained by the lack of necessary budget funds to ensure the minimum guaranteed income of a private partner, the duration and complexity of maintaining procedures.

scholarly journals The profile of the Greek ‘XXL’ family

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1851-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Christoforidis ◽  
Spyros Batzios ◽  
Haralampos Sidiropoulos ◽  
Maria Provatidou ◽  
Dimitris Cassimos
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Family ◽  
At Home

AbstractObjectiveTo identify Greek families in which all members were overweight or obese (XXL families) and to describe their profile with regard to their socio-economic status and their eating behaviours and practices.DesignA prospective cohort study.SettingThe metropolitan area of Kavala.SubjectsWe recruited children aged 11 and 12 years from twelve primary schools, and their parents, from volunteers. Auxologic measurements of the children included height and weight. A structured questionnaire pertaining to information on the socio-economic status of the family, anthropometric values and educational status of parents, dietary habits and the availability of various food products and beverages at home, as well as dietary intake, physical activity, time spent sleeping and time spent watching television, was filled in by one of the parents of each child. A total of 331 families finally participated.ResultsIn sixty-one families (18·43 %) both parents and child were either overweight or obese (XXL family), and in seven of these families all members were obese. Only twenty-eight families (8·46 %) had all members with a normal BMI. The XXL family was associated with lower educational status of both parents, whereas a higher percentage of XXL families resided in rural areas and had lower income. Skipping breakfast and spending more than 3 h in front of a screen every day were more frequently observed in XXL families. With regard to the availability of various food products and beverages at home, no significant differences were observed between XXL families and the rest of the studied families.ConclusionsGreek XXL families have lower educational status and lower annual income.

scholarly journals Factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding practices in rural areas in south Benin

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 01033
Author(s):  
Jahdiel Kossou ◽  
Waliou Amoussa Hounkpatin ◽  
Jaures Lokonon ◽  
Clarisse Hounyo ◽  
Aubierge Flenon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Deuterium Oxide ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
National Programme ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
The Family ◽  
Principal Factors

This study is part of the national programme for the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and was technically supported by the International Atomic Energy Agency. It aimed to determine the factors leading to the cessation of EBF among mothers living in areas benefiting from an important breastfeeding promotion actions in southern Benin. The practice of EBF was measured using “deuterium oxide dose to the mother” technique in 105 mothers during 6 month’s post-partum. Factors influencing the duration of this practice were investigated through an individual interview with the mothers and their relatives. The prevalence of EBF practice in lactating mothers was 58.7%, 29.1%, and 2.4% at 1, 3, and 6 months postpartum respectively. The main factor favoring this practice at 1 and 3 months was sufficient breastmilk supply. Continuation up to 6 months was due to the support of the family and belief in its benefits. On the other hand, the principal factors that led to its interruption at 1 and 3 months were insufficient breastmilk production and the giving of herbal teas and water to the babies. After 6 months, the drastic drop of EBF was due to the lack of the support from fathers. Integrating these factors into EBF promotion actions might increase practice.

scholarly journals Experiences of punishment by parents during childhood: A retrospective study

Temida ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-150
Author(s):  
Olivera Isakovic ◽  
Ivana Mihic ◽  
Tijana Karic
Keyword(s):  
Corporal Punishment ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Graduate Studies ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Inappropriate Behaviors ◽  
The Family ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
The University

The study described perceived differences in the choice of child rearing practices aimed at correcting children?s inappropriate behaviors as remembered by the participants at young adulthood. The sample consisted of 207 students of under-graduate studies of the University of Novi Sad. The most of the participants does not have children and they grew up in complete families. On the Dimensions of Discipline Inventory (A) (DDI-A, Straus, Fauchier, 2007), the participants estimated the experience and methods of disciplining which were used by their parents during their childhood. The participants describe uniform discipline behaviors of their parents regarding the estimated discipline techniques. These behaviors are dominated by the punishing ones, and the differences between fathers and mothers are visible in a stronger tendency to describe fathers as the ones who use corporal punishment, abolish privileges and give restorative tasks. The described discipline techniques for both fathers and mothers remain stable and similar, regardless of the socio-demographic characteristics of the families as family completeness, work experience and level of education of the parents, as well as estimated economic status of the family.

scholarly journals The frequency of overweight and obesity occurrence among Polish children (age 6–7 years) in relation to the place of residence, the education level of parents and the number children in the family

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Markowska ◽  
Agnieszka Monika Przychodni ◽  
Grażyna Nowak-Starz ◽  
Elżbieta Cieśla
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Parental Level

AbstractThis study sought to evaluate the number of those overweight and the rate of obesity among 6- and 7-year-olds living in Poland with regard to their place of residence, the parental level of education and the number of children in the family. The analysis was based on a survey of 64 544 children (33 051 boys and 31 493 girls) living in Poland. Overweight and obesity were defined based on body mass index (BMI) using the IOTF cut-off points. To evaluate the rates of overweight and obesity occurrence in children with regard to family socio-economic status, parental level of education, the number of children in the family, and the place of residence (divided into city and village) was used. ‘Only children’ were the most likely group to be overweight or obese. These children were twice as likely to be obese as their peers living in families with four or more children. Overweight and obesity occurred more often amongst children living in cities rather than those living in rural areas. Moreover, these conditions were more frequent among children whose parents had higher levels of education. The most significant predictors of childhood overweight and obesity were the number of children in the family and the educational level of the mother

scholarly journals Prevalence, patterns and socio-demographic correlates of tobacco use in Davangere taluka, Karnataka: a community-based, cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4799
Author(s):  
Basanagouda K. Patil ◽  
Vijay S. Patil ◽  
A. Nagrajachari ◽  
D. Kiran ◽  
Sunita B. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Correlates

Background: Tobacco use is the single, largest preventable cause of death and disability worldwide. Area-specific community-based epidemiological studies on tobacco use are required to quantify the problem, identify the determinants and their distribution. The objectives were to find out the prevalence, patterns and socio-demographic correlates of tobacco use in Davangere taluka, Karnataka, India.Methods: This was a community-based, cross-sectional study of 2008 subjects (>10 years of age) in urban and rural areas of Davangere taluka, Karnataka. Interviews were conducted by using a structured, pre-tested questionnaire by house-house visits.  Results are presented using percentages, chi-square test, odds ratio and multiple logistic regression analysis.Results: The prevalence of tobacco use was 30.7%. Among urban males it was 39.5%, rural males 39.6%, rural females 26% and urban females 18.5%. Tobacco use was significantly associated with sex, locality, religion, caste, marital status, family type, occupation, and tobacco use in family or friends. There was direct relationship of tobacco use with age and inverse relationship with education and socio-economic status. Mixed tobacco use was higher in rural areas compared to urban areas. About 73.9% of 10-29 years persons had started before the age of 18 years. Among older participants there was higher frequency of consumption and duration of use.Conclusions: Tobacco use is common and it is influenced by various local socio-demographic factors. Addressing these factors and providing tobacco cessation services should be included as key strategies in tobacco control.

scholarly journals Gaps in secondary prevention among stroke survivors in rural Gadchiroli, India: a community-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Yogeshwar Kalkonde ◽  
Sunil Jadhao ◽  
Mahesh Deshmukh ◽  
Shoummo Sen Gupta ◽  
Abhay Bang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: With epidemiological transition, stroke has emerged as a public health priority in rural India. However, population-level information on secondary prevention of stroke from rural areas of India and other low- and middle-income countries remains exceedingly rare. Methods: In a cross-sectional community-based survey, trained surveyors screened a well-defined population of 74,095 individuals living in 64 villages in Gadchiroli district of India for symptoms of stroke. A trained physician evaluated screen positive patients, diagnosed stroke, measured blood pressure and collected information on prior diagnosis of risk factors and current use of medications using a structured questionnaire. Results: A total of 265 stroke survivors were identified. Prior diagnosis of hypertension was made in 57.4%, diabetes in 9.8%, hyperlipidaemia in 0.4%, ischaemic heart disease in 1.5%. and atrial fibrillation in 1.1%. Blood pressure was uncontrolled (>140/90) in 46% of stroke survivors. Among men 71.2% used tobacco and 30% used alcohol, while among women 38.2% used tobacco and none used alcohol. Only 40.8% of stroke survivors were receiving antihypertensive medications, while 10.6% were on antiplatelet agents and 4.9% were on statins. In a multivariate analysis, age <50 years (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.1-0.5), male sex (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.2-0.8) and lower economic status (no assets vs four assets; OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.9) were associated with lower odds of receiving medications for secondary prevention of stroke. Conclusions: There were significant gaps in secondary prevention of stroke in rural Gadchiroli. Healthcare programmes for secondary prevention of stroke in rural areas will have to ensure that blood pressure is adequately controlled, alcohol and tobacco cessation is promoted and special attention is paid to those who are younger, men and economically weaker.

Family as the Main Caregivers during Child Delivery in Resource-Poor Settings of Nasarawa State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
Wilson Akpan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
The Family ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
At Home

This article drew from a population-based survey of 413 women to determine the proportion of births assisted by the family in resource-poor areas of Nasarawa State. “Resource-poor settings” was defined as rural communities without access to health facilities. This exploratory study utilised a two-stage cluster random sampling technique to select 413 houses where questionnaires were administered to women who had given birth in the five years preceding the study. Simple descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the study data. The analysis reveals gross inequality in access to skilled birth facilities during childbirth in Nasarawa State. Births at home were common in rural areas among women of low socio-economic status who were illiterate. In resource-poor settings (where health facilities were unavailable), the family played a substantial role in child delivery. Specifically, while doctors and nurses attended to about 90 per cent of all births in resource-rich settings (where health facilities are available), the family members took delivery of 51.5 per cent of all births in resource-poor settings. Family members or relatives delivered the majority of the births that took place at home (61.6%). The traditional birth attendants assisted only 11.5 per cent of births within resource-poor settings, compared to only two per cent within resource-rich settings. The findings emphasised that the role of the family in caregiving during childbirth is not limited to providing social capital and emotional support but they also act as key caregivers, especially in resource-poor settings.

scholarly journals Does the place of residence affect the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding? A study in Eastern Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Dwi Wulandari ◽  
Agung Dwi Laksono
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Eastern Indonesia ◽  
Employed Mothers ◽  
Monitoring Survey ◽  
Mother’S Age

Abstract Eastern Indonesia is a region that often underperforms in the health sector. The study aims to analyze the effect of the place of residence to achieve exclusive breastfeeding in Eastern Indonesia. The study employed data from the 2017 Nutrition Status Monitoring Survey. Toddler (7-59 months) about 8,291 were sampled. Variables included were exclusive breastfeeding status, the place of residence, mother's age, mother's education level, mother's marital status, mother's employment status, toddler's age, and toddler's gender. The final stage employed a binary logistics regression. The research results show that toddlers living in urban areas were 1.149 times more likely than toddlers living in rural areas to achieve exclusive breastfeeding (OR 1.149; 95% CI 1.022-1.291). The results of this analysis indicate that living in rural areas is a risk factor for toddlers not achieving exclusive breastfeeding in Eastern Indonesia. On the other hand, it was also found that all levels of education are more likely than those who do not go to school in Eastern Indonesia. Toddlers with employed mothers had 1.192 times the odds of toddlers with unemployed mothers achieving exclusive breastfeeding (OR 1.192; 95% CI 1.072-1.327). Meanwhile, toddler's age was also found to significantly affect achieving exclusive breastfeeding in Eastern Indonesia. It was concluded that the place of residence affects the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding in Eastern Indonesia. Toddlers who live in urban areas have a better chance of achieving of exclusive breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Hubungan Status Gizi Bayi dengan Pemberian ASI Ekslusif, Tingkat Pendidikan Ibu dan Status Ekonomi Keluarga di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Padang Pasir

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisyah Nilakesuma ◽  
Yusri Dianne Jurnalis ◽  
Selfi Renita Rusjdi
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Relationship

AbstrakStatus gizi merupakan salah satu tolak ukur untuk menilai perkembangan kesehatan bayi. Banyak faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi status gizi seorang bayi, diantaranya pemberian ASI ekslusif, tingkat pendidikan ibu dan status ekonomi keluarga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan antara status gizi bayi dengan pemberian ASI ekslusif, tingkat pendidikan ibu dan status ekonomi keluarga. Telah dilakukan penelitian Cross Sectional Analytic di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Padang Pasir. Data diambil melalui pengukuran langsung berat badan/tinggi badan dan wawancara dengan kuesioner terhadap 107 responden, kemudian dianalisis dengan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian terhadap 107 bayi didapatkan sebanyak 82,2% bayi berstatus gizi normal dan hanya 18,7% bayi yang diberi ASI ekslusif, sedangkan terhadap ibu diperoleh data: 76,6% berpendidikan tinggi dan 80,4% merupakan keluarga tidak miskin. Bayi yang mendapat ASI ekslusif 80% berstatus gizi normal. Menurut tingkat pendidikan ibu, didapatkan 82,9% bayi berstatus gizi normal memiliki ibu berpendidikan tinggi. Sedangkan menurut status ekonomi keluarga, bayi yang berada pada keluarga tidak miskin sebanyak 83,7% berstatus gizi normal.Kata kunci: status gizi, ASI ekslusif, tingkat pendidikan ibu, status ekonomi keluargaAbstractNutritional status is one yardstick for assessing health an infant development. There are many factors that can influence the nutritional status of infant, which are exclusive breastfeeding, mother educational status, and economic status of family. This research aimed to determine the relationship between infant nutritional status exclusive breastfeeding, mother educational status, and economic status of family. The research has been conducted about the relationship between infant nutritional status with exclusive breastfeeding, mother educational status, and economic status of family in working area of Padang Pasir Health Care. Data were taken by measurement directly for weight/height and interviewed with questionnaire to 107 respondents. Data were analyzed by using chi square. The result showed that 82,2% infant have normal status of nutrition and only 18,7% of infants who were given exclusive breastfeeding. While the result of research on the mother of respondents, then obtained a total of 76,6% highly educated and 80,4% constituting the family not be poor. Nutritional status of an infant who gets exclusive breastfeeding, 80% has normal nutrition status. According to the level of education mother, infant who possess the mother with the level of higher education, 82,9% the status is normal nutrition. And according to the economy of a family, an infant from familiy that were not poor 83,7% the status is normal nutrition.Keywords: nutritional status, exclusive breastfeeding, mother educational status, economic status of family

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document