scholarly journals An Economic and Financial Analysis of Chennai, Kolkata and Ahmedabad Airports in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 7904-7909
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Cost Benefits ◽  
The World ◽  
Airport Infrastructure ◽  
The Cost

There is vigorous growth of air traffic in India in the last decade. The passenger air traffic has increased by more than 10 per cent annually during this time. As per the report of Airbus Global Market Forecast (2016-35), domestic air traffic in India is supposed to increase by fivefold in coming decade. The air traffic movement is also increasing at rapid rate globally which is increasing at the rate of 5.7 % per annum in the last decade whereas the World GDP growth in the corresponding period was only 2.6%. The passenger transport in the last decade has increased by 1.47 billion at the global level. As per the report of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), India has experienced a double digit growth rate of 15.7 per cent in passenger traffic and 9.0 per cent growth rate in freight traffic which is much higher than GDP growth rate of India. The heavy air traffic in India is evident from the India’s revenue passenger km which is 13th in the World with 140.4 billion. This entails creation of air traffic infrastructure for smooth movement of traffic in India. The constructions of modern airports and expansion of existing airports are important addition to air traffic infrastructure. The concept of airport cities or aero city imply development of innovative business ideas within the designated area whose cost-benefits if taken into considerations are more than the cost-benefits of its counterpart in the central business district. Major airports in India such as Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad etc. are growth and employment drivers of Indian economy in aviation sector. There are direct, indirect and induced effects on income and output. However, the calculations are complex as it is related with backward calculation of and calculation of input-output analysis. Further all the airports do not generate the same output and employment. In some airport employment increases but output do not increase simultaneously. As a global practice, the increase in airport infrastructure requires a study of its feasibility in a cost-benefit format. This is carried out in terms of financial and economic viability study. In this study, we have carried out an economic and financial analysis of three major airports in India such as Chennai, Kolkata and Ahmedabad airports for twenty years’ time period. In the cost stream, we have considered capital expenditure and on the benefits side the increase in income, employment, outputs in terms of direct, indirect, induced and catalytic terms. An attempt has been made to measures all these benefits against the cost streams through an economic and financial analysis. The feasibility of investments in airport infrastructure has been calculated in a cost-benefit format to find out the internal rate of return. The robustness of the investment has been tested by carrying out a sensitivity analysis at an increasing cost and decreasing benefits conditions and vice-versa. The calculated IRR both economic and financial are well above the 12 per cent as per the guidelines of Asian Development Bank.

Automating Long-range Air Navigation Practices and Procedures

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-524
Author(s):  
I. T. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
The World ◽  
Air Space ◽  
Separation Standards ◽  
Trunk Routes

With the advent of increasing numbers of high-speed, high-altitude aircraft on the airways of the world, airlines, aircraft manufacturers, government agencies responsible for navigational standards and air traffic control, as well as military agencies are actively engaged in studies and action directed towards significant changes in longrange air navigation practices and procedures.These changes have been dictated by the need to utilize to best advantage the ‘limited’ air space available on long-range air routes to each individual aircraft, because of the fantastic growth rate in numbers of aircraft operating the trunk routes of the world.In order to limit the amount of airspace required around each individual aircraft separation standards are enforced by the various agencies responsible for control of air traffic along these major trunk air routes. These separation standards are based on longitudinal, lateral and vertical limits between adjacent aircraft. In order to ensure that operating companies and flight crews are aware of these requirements, appropriate legislation is introduced by either international or national agencies and promulgated in readily assimilable form in regulations, orders, or flight or operation manuals.

scholarly journals PREVENTION OF Β THALASSEMIA IN NORTHERN ISRAEL - A COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS.

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e2014012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Koren ◽  
Lora Profeta ◽  
Luci Zalman ◽  
Haya Palmor ◽  
Carina Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention Program ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Iron Chelation ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
World Population ◽  
Blood Transfusions ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cost

Background:β Thalassemia major is characterized by hemolytic anemia, ineffectiveerythropoiesis and hemosiderosis. About 4 % of the world population carries a Thalassemiagene. Management includes blood transfusions and iron chelation, this treatmentis costly and population screening may be significantly more cost benefit. Purpose: Thepurpose of the current study is to analyze the cost of running a preventionprogram for β Thalassemia in Israel and compare it to the actual expensesincurred by treating Thalassemia patients. Methods: Threecost parameters were analyzed and compared: The prevention program, routinetreatment of patients and treatment of complications. An estimation of theexpenses needed to treat patients that present with complications werecalculated based on our ongoing experience in treatment of deterioratingpatients. Results andConclusions: The cost of preventing one affected newborn was $63,660 comparedto $1,971,380 for treatment of a patient during 50 years (mean annual cost:  $39,427). Thus, the prevention of 45 affectednewborns over a ten years period represents a net saving of $88.5 million tothe health budget. Even after deducting the cost of the prevention program ($413.795/yr.), the program still represents abenefit of $ 76 million over ten years. Each prevented case could pay thescreening and prevention program for 4.6 ys.

Is Telehealth A Real Alternative to In-Office Physician Consultations? (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoram Harth
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Processing Power ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
The Cost

UNSTRUCTURED The high cost and scarcity of physicians results in lack of proper service to the majority of the population in the US and more so in the rest of the world. Telehealth, based on remote physicians does not seem to be the solution due to less than optimal cost/benefit ratio offered to the human provider. Recent developments in mobile processing power, mobile camera resolution, and deep learning technology present an opportunity to build solutions to specific diseases that are comparable in accuracy to a human in-person service for a fraction of the cost democratizing the availability of health services.

Energy constraints on economic growth

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
V. Tsibulskiy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents analytical estimates of the relationship between such economic characteristics as gross domestic product, energy consumption and the degree of complexity of the economy, characterized by the number of stages of product conversion. These estimates are largely based on statistics for the world economy and the Russian economy. Considering, within the framework of the presented model, the possibility of increasing the GDP growth rate of the domestic economy will require a signifi cant reduction in energy tariff s and an increase in the scale of its production.

MUTUALLY EXCLUSION OF PROJECTS OF DIFFERENT VALUES BY THE BENEFIT-COST METHOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (16) ◽  
pp. 230-237
Author(s):  
Murat KAYA
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
The World ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost

The recovery of an investment is very important in the world of economy. While businesses are preparing long-term projects for investment purposes, basic criteria such as changing economic conditions, risks, cash flows of the project, discount rate to be applied, economic life should be estimated in advance. For this reason, businesses prepare different projects that can provide the same economic conditions for the projects they prepare. In order to compare these projects, a cost-benefit table is prepared and evaluated in terms of their advantages. In line with these values, it is ensured that the most correct project is selected by eliminating each other. In this study, the cost-benefit ratio method was applied to three different projects. For all three projects, 10% annual interest and numerical values between 15 and 60 years of life are given. As a result of the evaluation of the projects, the most suitable project was determined by eliminating each other. Cash flows are calculated based on present and annual equivalents.

Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer: Consideration of Cost-Benefits in Relation to the CRC (King's/Cambridge) Trial

1989 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Houghton ◽  
Michael Baum
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Benefits ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prophylactic Radiotherapy ◽  
The Cost

The Cancer Research Campaign (CRC) Trial demonstrates a decreased incidence of local recurrence for patients randomized to prophylactic radiotherapy following mastectomy. Irradiated patients alive after 5 years, however, have a small increased risk of dying from causes other than breast cancer. How to estimate the cost-benefit of such therapy is discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of ascorbic acid supplementation on the performance of growing pullets

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
R. A. Sobayo ◽  
E. B. Oguntona ◽  
O. A. Osinowo ◽  
D. Eruvbetine ◽  
A. M. Bamgbose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Optimum Response ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
The Cost

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the nutritional effects of supplementary ascorbic acid (AA) at levels of 0, 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg in the diets of growing pullets reared at different seasons (dry season and rainy season).240 eight weeks-old Harco pullet chicks were used in each trial, they were randomly assigned to each of the four dietary treatments in three replications of twenty chicks per replicate. Each trial lasted 12 weeks (84 days) during which data were collected and a 2 X 4 factorial arrangement was employed in the analysis of data collected. Both ascorbic acid and season significantly affected (P<0.05) growth rate with better growth rate reported in the dry season. Body weights at first lay exhibited a linear reduction with increasing concentration of ascorbic acid (P<0.05). Seasonal variation significantly affected (P<0.05) age and egg weight at first lay with higher values obtained in the rainy season. The cost-benefit analysis of supplementary ascorbic acid in the diet of experimental birds revealed that inclusion of the graded levels of ascorbic acid increased the cost of feed in a linear fashion across the dietary treatments. At the growing stage, cost of feed per kg weight gain was found to be lowest in birds fed 0 mg/kg AA. It was evident that at the growing stage, optimum response occurred with supplementation of 300 mg/kg AA.

scholarly journals Tourism in Kenya's national parks: A cost-benefit analysis

SURG Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Hubert Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cost

East Africa is home to some of the most stunning wildlife in the world. With tourism in the region’s wildlife parks growing in popularity, it is imperative to evaluate the socioeconomic and environmental costs and benefits of this expanding industry. This study conducted a cost-benefit analysis of the various impacts that tourism has brought to Kenya’s national parks by monetarily valuating each impact. While the results of this cost-benefit analysis suggest that the benefits far outweigh the costs, even when non-measurable costs are considered, a number of fundamental issues must be addressed in order to improve the cost-benefit balance. The results are likely to be representative of the overall state of tourism in Kenya’s national parks and expose key areas where improvements can be made. Improvements to tourism in Kenya’s national parks can have positive implications for local people, the environment, wildlife species, tourists, and biodiversity conservation. Keywords: tourism; national parks; Kenya; cost-benefit analysis

scholarly journals Lockdown Policy Dilemma: COVID-19 Pandemic versus Economy and Mental Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-58
Author(s):  
Hasan Ahamed ◽  
Kazi Tanvir Hasan ◽  
Md. Tamzid Islam ◽  
Faisal Chowdhury Galib
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Lockdown is considered to be the best of policies around the world to fight the deadly virus of COVID-19 which decimated hundreds of people in the last six months. However, this is not a cost-free measure. Billions of dollars worth of economic activities halted hinging upon these measures imposed by the governments of the countries. For instance, IMF predicted that the GDP growth will decline by 4.9 percent in 2020. Global trade is also expected to plummet by 27 percent in the second quarter of the year. In addition, paucity of recreational activities severely affects the mental health of the people. While imposing lockdown, both the cost and benefit should be analyzed to understand the real benefit of these measures on human life. This study critically examines the impact of the lockdown measures on mental health, and the economy of Bangladesh along with the efficacy of the measures on containing the virus. We found that the negative impact on the economy and mental health surpasses the positive impact of curbing the pandemic. It also compares the efficacy of the measures in different countries to find out the pattern that resembles with Bangladesh. From all the data, we conclude that the cost of lockdown measures in the country is greater than the benefit it brings to Bangladesh.

Potential of reducing the environmental impact of aviation by using hydrogen Part III: Optimum cruising altitude and airport implications

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (1110) ◽  
pp. 553-565
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Liquid Hydrogen ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Engine Design ◽  
Aero Engine ◽  
Airport Infrastructure ◽  
Cost Implications ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThe main objective of the paper is to evaluate the potential of reducing the environmental impact of civil subsonic aviation by using hydrogen fuel. The paper is divided into three parts of which this is Part III. In Part I the background, prospects and challenges of introducing an alternative fuel in aviation were outlined. The aero engine design when using hydrogen was covered in Part II. In this paper, Part III, the subjects of optimum cruising altitude and airport implications of introducing liquid hydrogen-fuelled aircraft are raised.For minimum global warming, the results of a preliminary analysis associated with large uncertainties suggest that cryoplanes should cruise at an altitude of about 2-3km below where conventional aircraft cruise today. Ignoring the cost implications, from an airport infrastructure point of view, it seems feasible to change to hydrogen use. With respect to the availability of energy, it would be reasonable to change from kerosene to liquid hydrogen as fuel for all civil aviation refuelling in Sweden.

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